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RISS 인기검색어
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- 저자 : M.L. Sahu (검색결과 3 건)
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Temporal variations of black carbon in Guangzhou, China, in summer 2006
Verma, R. L.,Sahu, L. K.,Kondo, Y.,Takegawa, N.,Han, S.,Jung, J. S.,Kim, Y. J.,Fan, S.,Sugimoto, N.,Shammaa, M. H.,Zhang, Y. H.,Zhao, Y. Copernicus GmbH 2010 Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Vol.10 No.14
<P>Abstract. In situ measurements of the mass concentration of black carbon (BC) and mixing ratios of carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2) were made at Guangzhou, an urban measurement site in the Pearl River Delta (PRD), China, in July 2006. The average ± standard deviation (SD) concentrations of BC, CO, and CO2 were 4.7± 2.3 μgC m−3, 798± 459 ppbv, and 400± 13 ppmv, respectively. The trends of these species were mainly controlled by synoptic-scale changes in meteorology during the campaign. Based on back trajectories, data are analyzed separately for two different air mass types representing northerly and southerly flows. The northerly air masses, which constituted ~25% of the campaign, originated mostly in the PRD and hence represent observations on regional scales. On the other hand, during southerly flow (~75%), the measurements were influenced by dilution due to cleaner marine air. The diurnal patterns of BC, CO, and CO2 exhibited peak concentrations during the morning and evening hours coinciding with rush-hour traffic. The ratios of OC/BC were lower during the morning hour peaks in the concentrations of primary pollutants due to their fresh emissions mainly from vehicular traffic in Guangzhou. The diurnal variations of BC observed in southerly air masses tended to follow the traffic patterns of heavy-duty vehicles (HDV) in Guangzhou, while the roles of other sources need to be investigated. The slopes of ΔBC/ΔCO, ΔBC/ΔCO2, and ΔCO/ΔCO2 observed during northerly flows were 0.0045 μgC m−3/ppbv, 0.13 μgC m−3/ppmv, and 49.4 ppbv/ppmv, respectively, agreeing reasonably with their respective emission ratios derived from regional emission inventories. </P>
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Cahill Kerin M.,Gartia Manas R.,Sahu Sushant,Bergeron Sarah R.,Heffernan Linda M.,Paulsen Daniel B.,Penn Arthur L.,Noël Alexandra 한국독성학회 2022 Toxicological Research Vol.38 No.2
Approximately 7% of pregnant women in the United States use electronic-cigarette (e-cig) devices during pregnancy. There is, however, no scientific evidence to support e-cig use as being ‘safe’ during pregnancy. Little is known about the effects of fetal exposures to e-cig aerosols on lung alveologenesis. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that in utero exposure to e-cig aerosol impairs lung alveologenesis and pulmonary function in neonates. Pregnant BALB/c mice were exposed 2 h a day for 20 consecutive days during gestation to either filtered air or cinnamon-flavored e-cig aerosol (36 mg/ mL of nicotine). Lung tissue was collected in offspring during lung alveologenesis on postnatal day (PND) 5 and PND11. Lung function was measured at PND11. Exposure to e-cig aerosol in utero led to a significant decrease in body weights at birth which was sustained through PND5. At PND5, in utero e-cig exposures dysregulated genes related to Wnt signaling and epigenetic modifications in both females (~ 120 genes) and males (40 genes). These alterations were accompanied by reduced lung fibrillar collagen content at PND5—a time point when collagen content is close to its peak to support alveoli formation. In utero exposure to e-cig aerosol also increased the Newtonian resistance of offspring at PND11, suggesting a narrowing of the conducting airways. At PND11, in females, transcriptomic dysregulation associated with epigenetic alterations was sustained (17 genes), while WNT signaling dysregulation was largely resolved (10 genes). In males, at PND11, the expression of only 4 genes associated with epigenetics was dysregulated, while 16 Wnt related-genes were altered. These data demonstrate that in utero exposures to cinnamon-flavored e-cig aerosols alter lung structure and function and induce sex-specific molecular signatures during lung alveologenesis in neonatal mice. This may reflect epigenetic programming affecting lung disease development later in life.
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Raj Kumar,Sonal Gupta,Sourabh Wajhal,S.K. Satpati,M.L. Sahu 한국원자력학회 2022 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.54 No.5
Liquid fueled molten salt reactors (MSRs) have seen renewed interest because of their inherent safetyfeatures, higher thermal efficiency and potential for efficient thorium utilisation for power generation. Thorium fluoride is one of the salts used in liquid fueled MSRs employing TheU cycle. In the presentstudy, ThF4 was prepared by hydro-fluorination of ThO2 using anhydrous HF gas. Process parameters viz. bed depth, hydrofluorination time and hydrofluorination temperature, were optimized for the preparation of ThF4 in a static bed reactor setup. The products were characterized with X-Ray diffraction andexperimental conditions for complete conversion to ThF4 were established which also corroborated withthe yield values. Hydrofluorination of ThO2 at 450 C for half an hour at a bed depth of 6 mm gave thebest result, with a yield of about 99.36% ThF4. No unconverted oxide or any other impurity was observed. Rietveld refinement was performed on the XRD data of this ThF4, and Chi2 value of 3.54 indicated goodagreement between observed and calculated profiles.
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