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- 저자 : M. Kloos (검색결과 2 건)
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M. Kloos,R. S. Walls 한국강구조학회 2019 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.19 No.5
A novel cellular beam structure (CBS) intended for two to ten storey offi ce buildings has been developed by the Southern African Institute of Steel Construction (SAISC) which consists of prefabricated modules comprising of cellular steel beams encased in a multi-layered fl ooring system, which yields an innovative structure with many benefi ts, including reduced construction time and cost. However, a major obstacle to commercialisation is the unknown fi re resistance. Thus, this paper presents a series of non-linear fi nite element models that simulate the structural behaviour of the CBS under standard and parametric fi re conditions. The simulations include single structural elements in isolation and global structure models. Overall, it was found that the CBS performs satisfactorily in a fi re, provided that the integrity of the ceiling system can be maintained. However, signifi cant lateral defl ections up to 185 mm are predicted in a standard fi re, which threatens the integrity of the ceiling. Under parametric fi re conditions, a cooling phase suggests that there is negligible permanent deformation after a fi re, due to the fl exibility of the structure. Ultimately the results are used to make recommendations that: (a) steel end connections are designed to provide negligible moment restraint (b) slotted bolt holes are provided to allow free thermal expansion, and (c) the ceiling system is carefully detailed to accommodate the predicted lateral defl ections, thereby safeguarding the integrity.
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Safdari, Majid,Svensson, Per H.,Hoang, Minh Tam,Oh, Ilwhan,Kloo, Lars,Gardner, James M. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for e Vol.4 No.40
<P>The synthetic route and properties of three 2D hybrid organic/inorganic lead iodide perovskite materials are reported. The 2D perovskites were synthesized from the reaction between PbI2and the di-cations of 1,4-diaminobutane, 1,6-diaminohexane, and 1,8-diaminooctane. The resulting products were [NH3(CH2)4NH3]PbI4(BdAPbI4), [NH3(CH2)6NH3]PbI4(HdAPbI4), and [NH3(CH2)8NH3]PbI4(OdAPbI4). Structural characterization shows that two dimensional perovskite structures were formed with inorganic structural planes separated by organic layers. Absorption spectra show band gaps of 2.37 eV (BdAPbI4), 2.44 eV (HdAPbI4), and 2.55 eV (OdAPbI4). The 2D perovskite materials were investigated as light absorbing materials in solid state solar cells. The best performing material under moist, ambient conditions wasBdAPbI4(1.08% efficiency), which was comparable to methylammonium Pb(ii) iodide (MAPbI3) solar cells (2.1% efficiency) manufactured and studied under analogous conditions. When compared toMAPbI3, the 2D materials have larger band gaps and lower photoconductivity, whileBdAPbI4based solar cells shows a comparable absorbed photon-to-current efficiency as compared toMAPbI3based ones.</P>
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