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Shakedown analysis of trusses under cyclic thermal load with temperature-dependent yield stress
S.Y. Leu,Y.H. Chen,K.C. Liao 국제구조공학회 2021 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.78 No.6
The paper aims to revisit shakedown analysis involving temperature-dependent yield stress. Formulations and numerical implementations are focused on truss structures subjected to cyclic thermal and constant mechanical loads. In particular, a systematic approach based on the duality relationship of l∞-norm and l1-norm is established to state the dual formulations for static and kinematic shakedown analysis of truss structures. Illustrative examples are involved statically indeterminate three-bar and five-bar trusses, respectively. Numerical effort is made to acquire shakedown limit temperature by using the linprog function provided by MATLAB. Furthermore, the finite-element analysis using ABAQUS is also performed for rigorous comparisons.
High-Tc Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices and Biomagnetic Applications
H.C. Yang,C.C. Chen,C.H. Wu,H.E. Horng,K.L. Chen,M.J. Chen,S.H. Liao,S.Y. Yang 한국물리학회 2006 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.48 No.5I
The superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) is the most sensitive detector of the magnetic flux in the range of frequencies from dc to MHz and has widely been used in biomagnetic applications. In this paper, we highlight a few aspects of High-Tc SQUIDs, novel biomagnetic applications, and perspective. We give an overview of the current status and the principle techniques used to fabricate High-Tc SQUIDs. SQUID applications in magnetocardiography, biological immunoassay, and nuclear magnetic resonance are addressed. The results are discussed.=
Circulatory Antigen Processing by Mucosal Dendritic Cells Controls CD8<sup>+</sup> T Cell Activation
Chang, S.Y.,Song, J.H.,Guleng, B.,Cotoner, C.,Arihiro, S.,Zhao, Y.,Chiang, H.S.,O'Keeffe, M.,Liao, G.,Karp, Christopher L.,Kweon, M.N.,Sharpe, Arlene H.,Bhan, A.,Terhorst, C.,Reinecker, H.C. Cell Press 2013 Immunity Vol.38 No.1
Circulatory antigens transit through the small intestine via the fenestrated capillaries in the lamina propria prior to entering into the draining lymphatics. But whether or how this process controls mucosal immune responses remains unknown. Here we demonstrate that dendritic cells (DCs) of the lamina propria can sample and process both circulatory and luminal antigens. Surprisingly, antigen cross-presentation by resident CX3CR1<SUP>+</SUP> DCs induced differentiation of precursor cells into CD8<SUP>+</SUP> T cells that expressed interleukin-10 (IL-10), IL-13, and IL-9 and could migrate into adjacent compartments. We conclude that lamina propria CX3CR1<SUP>+</SUP> DCs facilitate the surveillance of circulatory antigens and act as a conduit for the processing of self- and intestinally absorbed antigens, leading to the induction of CD8<SUP>+</SUP> T cells, that partake in the control of T cell activation during mucosal immune responses.
Joshi, M.K.,Pant, H.R.,Liao, N.,Kim, J.H.,Kim, H.J.,Park, C.H.,Kim, C.S. Academic Press 2015 JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE - Vol.453 No.-
In this study, a fly ash based composite, Ag-iron oxide/fly ash, was synthesized via a facile one-pot hydrothermal process using fly ash, ferrous chloride, and silver nitrate as precursors. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), EDX, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR), Photoluminescence (PL) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area measurement confirmed the formation of composite particle. FA provided a suitable surface for the in-situ deposition of Fe<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> and Ag NPs during hydrothermal treatment. As a result, the particle size of Fe<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> and Ag NPs was sufficiently decreased, and the surface area of the NPs as well as, a whole matrix was increased. The antimicrobial activity of the composite was accessed by Escherichia coli inhibition assay. Lead(II) ion adsorption efficiency of the composite was analyzed from a series of batch adsorption experiments (the effects of concentration, contact time, pH and adsorbent dose on the adsorption of Pb(II) ion from aqueous solution). Results indicated that as-synthesized composite has high antibacterial capacity, and the metal ions uptake efficiency compared to fly ash particle. Furthermore, incorporation Fe<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> NPs onto the fly ash make it easily separable from a reaction system using an external magnet. The composite synthesis protocol is a simple method that utilizes a readily available industrial byproduct to produce a unique composite for environmental remediation.
Probability Density Function for the Critical Current Asymmetry of a HTS dc SQUID
Jen-Tzong Jeng,C. H. Wu,H. C. Yang,H. E. Horng,J. C. Chen,K. H. Huang,K. L. Chen,S. H. Liao,Y. C. Lin 한국물리학회 2006 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.48 No.5I
A dc SQUID consisting of grain boundary Josephson junctions may often be asymmetric owing to the large critical-current spread. In this work, the probability density function (PDF) for the critical-current asymmetry of high-transition-temperature-superconductor (HTS) dc SQUID was investigated. To model the critical-current spread in the grain boundaries, we assumed that the barrier thickness of the Josephson junction fluctuated according to a log-Weibull distribution. The resultant PDF for the critical-current spread that fits the histogram data of critical currents reported in literature was the gamma distribution. With the proposed distribution function, the corresponding PDF for the critical-current asymmetry parameter of a HTS dc SQUID was derived and compared with the experimental result. The proposed gamma distribution function is useful in modeling devices, such as the SQUID array and the superconducting quantum interference grating, consisting of many grain-boundary Josephson junctions.
Use of a Multiethnic Approach to Identify Rheumatoid- Arthritis-Susceptibility Loci, 1p36 and 17q12
CLEAR investigators,Kurreeman, Fina A.S.,Stahl, Eli A.,Okada, Y.,Liao, K.,Diogo, D.,Raychaudhuri, S.,Freudenberg, J.,Kochi, Y.,Patsopoulos, Nikolaos A.,Gupta, N.,Sandor, C.,Bang, S.Y.,Lee, H.S.,Padyuk University of Chicago Press [etc.] 2012 American journal of human genetics Vol.90 No.3
We have previously shown that rheumatoid arthritis (RA) risk alleles overlap between different ethnic groups. Here, we utilize a multiethnic approach to show that we can effectively discover RA risk alleles. Thirteen putatively associated SNPs that had not yet exceeded genome-wide significance (p < 5 x 10<SUP>-8</SUP>) in our previous RA genome-wide association study (GWAS) were analyzed in independent sample sets consisting of 4,366 cases and 17,765 controls of European, African American, and East Asian ancestry. Additionally, we conducted an overall association test across all 65,833 samples (a GWAS meta-analysis plus the replication samples). Of the 13 SNPs investigated, four were significantly below the study-wide Bonferroni corrected p value threshold (p < 0.0038) in the replication samples. Two SNPs (rs3890745 at the 1p36 locus [p = 2.3 x 10<SUP>-12</SUP>] and rs2872507 at the 17q12 locus [p = 1.7 x 10<SUP>-9</SUP>]) surpassed genome-wide significance in all 16,659 RA cases and 49,174 controls combined. We used available GWAS data to fine map these two loci in Europeans and East Asians, and we found that the same allele conferred risk in both ethnic groups. A series of bioinformatic analyses identified TNFRSF14-MMEL1 at the 1p36 locus and IKZF3-ORMDL3-GSDMB at the 17q12 locus as the genes most likely associated with RA. These findings demonstrate empirically that a multiethnic approach is an effective strategy for discovering RA risk loci, and they suggest that combining GWASs across ethnic groups represents an efficient strategy for gaining statistical power.
An, E.,Ock, C.-Y.,Kim, T.-Y.,Lee, K.-H.,Han, S.-W.,Im, S.-A.,Kim, T.-Y.,Liao, W.-L.,Cecchi, F.,Blackler, A.,Thyparambil, S.,Kim, W. H.,Burrows, J.,Hembrough, T.,Catenacci, D. V. T.,Oh, D.-Y.,Bang, Y.- KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS GROUP 2017 Annals of Oncology Vol. No.
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P><B>Background</B></P><P>A wide range of response rates have been reported in HER2-positive gastric cancer (GC) patients treated with trastuzumab. Other HER2-targeted therapies for GC have yet to show efficacy in clinical trials. These findings raise question about the ability of standard HER2 diagnostics to accurately distinguish between GC patients who would and would not benefit from anti-HER2 therapies.</P><P><B>Patients and methods</B></P><P>GC patients (<I>n </I>=<I> </I>237), including a subset from the Trastuzumab in GC (ToGA) trial were divided into three groups based on HER2 status and history of treatment with standard chemotherapy or chemotherapy plus trastuzumab. We applied mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis to quantify HER2 protein expression in formalin-fixed tumor samples. Using HER2 expression as a continuous variable, we defined a predictive protein level cutoff to identify which patients would benefit from trastuzumab. We compared quantitated protein level with clinical outcome and HER2 status as determined by conventional HER2 diagnostics.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Quantitative proteomics detected a 115-fold range of HER2 protein expression among patients diagnosed as HER2 positive by standard methods. A protein level of 1825 amol/µg was predicted to determine benefit from the addition of trastuzumab to chemotherapy. Trastuzumab treated patients with HER2 protein levels above this cutoff had twice the median overall survival (OS) of their counterparts below the cutoff (35.0 versus 17.5 months, <I>P </I>=<I> </I>0.011). Conversely, trastuzumab-treated patients with HER2 levels below the cutoff had outcomes similar to HER2-positive patients treated with chemotherapy. (Progression-free survival = 7.0 versus 6.5 months: <I>P </I>=<I> </I>0.504; OS = 17.5 versus 12.6 months: <I>P </I>=<I> </I>0.520). HER2 levels were not prognostic for response to chemotherapy.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Proteomic analysis of HER2 expression demonstrated a quantitative cutoff that improves selection of GC patients for trastuzumab as compared with current diagnostic methods.</P>
Liao, N.,Unnithan, A.R.,Joshi, M.K.,Tiwari, A.P.,Hong, S.T.,Park, C.H.,Kim, C.S. Elsevier 2015 Colloids and surfaces. A, Physicochemical and engi Vol.469 No.-
<P>Electrospun nanofibrous mat for wound dressing application was successfully prepared from poly (6caprolactone) (PCL), cellulose acetate (CA) and dextran blend solution. Incorporation of small amount of tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH), an antibacterial drug, improved the cell proliferation, enhanced blood clotting ability and cell attachment as well as antimicrobial activity of the composite mat. The composite mats were characterized by SEM, FTIR and TGA analysis. In order to evaluate the cytocompatibility and cell behavior of the composite scaffolds, fibroblast cells were seeded on the matrix. Results demonstrated that the incorporation of dextran and drug strongly enhanced the adhesion and proliferation of the cells on the composite nanofibers. The antimicrobial activity of the composite was studied by zone inhibition against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and the result indicates high antibacterial activity. Therefore, as synthesized composite fiber have decent characteristics for wound dressing and skin engineering applications. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>
Min Liao,Ishiwara, H.,Ohmi, S. IEEE 2011 IEEE electron device letters Vol.32 No.11
<P>Low-voltage operating pentacene-based organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) with a HfON gate insulator have been fabricated with a fully room-temperature process. Despite its thin capacitance equivalent thickness of 3.3 nm, the room-temperature-processed HfON gate insulator shows a low leakage current density of 7 × 10<SUP>-7</SUP> A/cm<SUP>2</SUP> at a gate voltage of -2 V. Moreover, the fully room-temperature-fabricated OFET (channel <I>W</I>/<I>L</I> = 1650/100 μm) shows a low subthreshold swing of 0.12 V/decade, a large on/off-current ratio of 6.8 × 10<SUP>4</SUP>, a threshold voltage of -0.5 V, and a hole mobility of 0.25 cm<SUP>2</SUP>/V·s at an operating voltage of -2 V.</P>