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Lee, Jae-Wook,Hwang, Kyung-Jun,Park, Dong-Won,Park, Kyung-Hee,Shim, Wang-Geun,Kim, Sang-Chai American Scientific Publishers 2007 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.7 No.11
<P>Titanium particles of single-phase anatase nanocrystallites were prepared by the hydrolysis of titanium tetraisopropoxide. A dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) was fabricated by adsorbing <I>cis</I>-bis(isothiocyanato)bis(2,2′-bipyridyl-4,4′-dicarboxylato)-ruthenium(II)bis-tetrabutylammonium dye (N719) onto TiO2 film. The samples were characterized by XRD, TEM, FE-SEM, AFM, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis. The influence of the acetic acid treatment of TiO2 electrode with different concentrations on the photovoltaic performance of DSSC was investigated. It was found that DSSC had better photoelectric performance when the TiO2 electrode was treated by acetic acid of 0.5 M. An equivalent circuit analysis using the one-diode model was used to evaluate the influences of adsorption quantity and acetic acid treatment on the energy conversion efficiency of DSSC. A nonlinear least-square optimization method was used to determine five model parameters.</P>
Primary meningeal rhabdomyosarcoma associated with chronic subdural effusion
Lee, Ji Yeoun,Kim, Bo Sung,Phi, Ji Hoon,Kang, Hyoung Jin,Park, Sung-Hye,Wang, Kyu-Chang,Kim, Il Han,Cho, Byung-Kyu,Kim, Seung-Ki Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group 2010 Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics Vol.5 No.2
<P>Primary sarcomas of the CNS are rare and are sometimes associated with chronic subdural effusion (SDE). Approximately 10 patients with such presentations have been reported. The authors report the case of a 5-year-old boy with multiple subdural masses and SDE. An SDE had been diagnosed when the patient was 2 months old, and he received a subduroperitoneal shunt when he was 5 months old. Since then, he had been clinically stable and well for 5 years. When he presented with acute headache, nausea, and vomiting, a newly developed tumor was found. Near-total resection of the tumor was performed, and the mass was diagnosed as an embryonal-type rhabdomyosarcoma. The child was given radiation therapy and 13 cycles of chemotherapy and is still free of disease 13 months after surgery.</P>
Modification of surgical procedure for “probable” limited dorsal myeloschisis
Lee, Ji Yeoun,Chong, Sangjoon,Choi, Young Hun,Phi, Ji Hoon,Cheon, Jung-Eun,Kim, Seung-Ki,Park, Sung Hye,Kim, In-One,Wang, Kyu-Chang American Association of Neurological Surgeons 2017 Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics Vol.19 No.5
<B>OBJECTIVE</B><P>Since the entity limited dorsal myeloschisis (LDM) was proposed, numerous confusing clinical cases have been renamed according to the embryopathogenesis. However, clinical application of this label appears to require some clarification with regard to pathology. There have been cases in which all criteria for the diagnosis of LDM were met except for the presence of a neural component in the stalk, an entity the authors call “probable” LDM. The present study was performed to meticulously review these cases and suggest that a modified surgical strategy using limited laminectomy is sufficient to achieve the surgical goal of untethering.</P><B>METHODS</B><P>The authors retrospectively reviewed the imaging findings, operative notes, and pathology reports of spinal dysraphism patients with subcutaneous stalk lesions who had presented to their institution between 2010 and 2014.</P><B>RESULTS</B><P>Among 33 patients with LDM, 13 had the typical nonsaccular lesions with simple subcutaneous stalks connecting the skin opening to the spinal cord. Four cases had “true” LDM meeting all criteria for diagnosis, including pathological confirmation of CNS tissue by immunohistochemical staining with glial fibrillary acidic protein. There were also 9 cases in which all clinical, imaging, and surgical findings were compatible with LDM, but the “neural” component in the resected stalk was not confirmed. For all the cases, limited exposure of the stalk was done and satisfactory untethering was achieved.</P><B>CONCLUSIONS</B><P>One can speculate based on the initial error of embryogenesis that if the entire stalk were traced to the point of insertion on the cord, the neural component would be proven. However, this would require an extended level of laminectomy/laminotomy, which may be unnecessary, at least with regard to the completeness of untethering. Therefore, the authors propose that for some selected cases of LDM, a minimal extent of laminectomy may suffice for untethering, although it may be insufficient for diagnosing a true LDM.</P>
Electro-Active-Paper Actuator Made with LiCl/Cellulose Films: Effect of LiCl Content
Wang, Nian-Gui,Kim, Jae-Hwan,Chen, Yi,Yun, Sung-Ryul,Lee, Sun-Kon The Polymer Society of Korea 2006 Macromolecular Research Vol.14 No.6
The cellulose-based, Electroactive Paper (EAPap) has recently been reported as a smart material with the advantages of lightweight, dry condition, biodegradability, sustainability, large displacement output and low actuation voltage. However, it requires high humidity.. This paper introduces an EAPap made with a cellulose solution and lithium chloride (LiCl), which can be actuated in room humidity condition. The fabrication process, performance test and effect of LiCl content of the EAPap actuator are illustrated. The bending displacement of the EAPap actuators was evaluated with actuation voltage, frequency, humidity and LiCl content changes. At a LiCl/ cellulose content of 3:10, the displacement output was maximized at a room humidity condition. Even though the displacement output was less than that of a high humidity EAPap actuator, the mechanical power output was not reduced due to the increased resonance frequency, which is promising for developing EAPap actuators that are less sensitive to humidity.
Evaluation of certainty and uncertainty for Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets
Wang, Hong-Mei,Lee, Sang-Hyuk Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems 2010 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL of FUZZY LOGIC and INTELLIGE Vol.10 No.4
Study about fuzzy entropy and similarity measure on intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs) were proposed, and analyzed. Unlike fuzzy set, IFSs contains uncertainty named hesistancy, which is contained in fuzzy membership function itself. Hence, designing fuzzy entropy is not easy because of ununified entropy definition. By considering different fuzzy entropy definitions, fuzzy entropy is designed and discussed their relation. Similarity measure was also presented and verified its usefulness to evaluate degree of similarity.
Wang, Cai Yi,Kim, Donghwa,Zhu, Yan Kui,Oh, Dong-Chan,Huang, Ri Zhen,Wang, Heng-Shan,Liang, Dong,Lee, Sang Kook American Society of Pharmacognosy 2019 Journal of natural products Vol.82 No.11
<P>Three new germacrane sesquiterpenoid-type alkaloids with an unusual Δ<SUP>8</SUP>-7,12-lactam moiety, glechomanamides A-C (<B>1</B>-<B>3</B>), and two pairs of 7,12-hemiketal sesquiterpenoid epimers (<B>4a</B>/<B>b</B>, <B>5a</B>/<B>b</B>) were isolated from <I>Salvia scapiformis</I>. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including HRESIMS, IR, UV, and 1D and 2D NMR and also confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The chemical transformation of compounds <B>1</B>-<B>5</B> in a solution environment was analyzed by 2D NMR spectroscopy. The aza acetallactams (<B>1</B>-<B>3</B>) were stable in organic solvent, while single crystals of the hemiacetal esters (<B>4a</B>/<B>b</B>, <B>5a</B>/<B>b</B>) underwent a tautomeric equilibrium after being dissolved. Single crystals of <B>4a</B>, <B>4b</B>, and <B>5a</B> were obtained for the first time as their naturally occurring forms. Glechomanamide B (<B>2</B>) exhibited antiangiogenic activity by suppression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced tube formation through modulation of VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2)-mediated signaling pathways in human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs). In addition, compound <B>2</B> also showed the significant suppression of mRNA expression associated with glycolysis and angiogenesis biomarkers in high glucose (30 mM)-induced HUVECs. These findings suggest that compound <B>2</B> might be a potential lead compound candidate for the management of diabetic retinopathy.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
Information Quantification Application to Management with Fuzzy Entropy and Similarity Measure
Wang, Hong-Mei,Lee, Sang-Hyuk Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems 2010 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL of FUZZY LOGIC and INTELLIGE Vol.10 No.4
Verification of efficiency in data management fuzzy entropy and similarity measure were discussed and verified by applying reliable data selection problem and numerical data similarity evaluation. In order to calculate the certainty or uncertainty fuzzy entropy and similarity measure are designed and proved. Designed fuzzy entropy and similarity are considered as dissimilarity measure and similarity measure, and the relation between two measures are explained through graphical illustration. Obtained measures are useful to the application of decision theory and mutual information analysis problem. Extension of data quantification results based on the proposed measures are applicable to the decision making and fuzzy game theory.
Aberrant Promoter Hypomethylation of Sortilin 1: A Moyamoya Disease Biomarker
Sung, Hye Youn,Lee, Ji Yeoun,Park, Ae Kyung,Moon, Youn Joo,Jo, Inho,Park, Eun-Mi,Wang, Kyu-Chang,Phi, Ji Hoon,Ahn, Jung-Hyuck,Kim, Seung-Ki Korean Stroke Society 2018 Journal of stroke Vol.20 No.3
<P><B>Background and Purpose</B></P><P>The pathogenesis of moyamoya disease (MMD) remains poorly understood, and no reliable molecular biomarkers for MMD have been identified to date. The present study aimed to identify epigenetic biomarkers for use in the diagnosis of MMD. </P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>We performed integrated analyses of gene expression profiles and DNA methylation profiles in endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs) from three patients with MMD and two healthy individuals. Candidate gene mRNA expression and DNA methylation status were further validated using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and pyrosequencing analysis of an expanded ECFC sample set from nine patients with MMD and ten controls. We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of the potential biomarkers identified here using receiver operating characteristic curve analyses and further measured major angiogenic factor expression levels using a tube formation assay and RT-qPCR. </P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Five candidate genes were selected via integrated analysis; all five were upregulated by hypomethylation of specific promoter CpG sites. After further validation in an expanded sample set, we identified a candidate biomarker gene, sortilin 1 (<I>SORT1</I>). DNA methylation status at a specific <I>SORT1</I> promoter CpG site in ECFCs readily distinguished patients with MMD from the normal controls with high accuracy (area under the curve 0.98, sensitivity 83.33%, specificity 100%). Furthermore, <I>SORT1</I> overexpression suppressed endothelial cell tube formation and modulated major angiogenic factor and matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression, implying <I>SORT1</I> involvement in MMD pathogenesis. </P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Our findings suggest that DNA methylation status at the <I>SORT1</I> promoter CpG site may be a potential biomarker for MMD.</P>
Design of Compact Quadruple Inverted-F Antenna With Circular Polarization for GPS Receiver
Wang-Ik Son,Won-Gyu Lim,Moon-Que Lee,Sang-Bo Min,Jong-Won Yu IEEE 2010 IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation Vol.58 No.5
<P>A compact quadruple inverted-F antenna (QIFA) with right-hand circular polarization for global positioning system (GPS) receiver is presented. The proposed QIFA consists of four spiral-shaped inverted-F antennas fed by a compact multilayered feed network. In order to improve the radiation efficiency of four-port feed antenna like QIFA, we analyze an optimum matching method considering both reflection coefficient at each port and the mutual coupling between ports simultaneously. Experimental results show that QIFA of size 10 x 10 x 12 mm<SUP>3</SUP> has a 3-dB beamwidth of more than 130<SUP>°</SUP>, the peak gain of -1 dBic and the axial ratio under 2 dB.</P>