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Lee, Gunsup,Cho, SeungChan,Hoang, Phuong Mai,Kim, Dongjun,Lee, Yongjun,Kil, Eui-Joon,Byun, Sung-June,Lee, Taek-Kyun,Kim, Dae-Hyun,Kim, Sunghan,Lee, Sukchan Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2015 Molecules and cells Vol.38 No.9
3D8 single chain variable fragment (scFv) is a recombinant monoclonal antibody with nuclease activity that was originally isolated from autoimmune-prone MRL mice. In a previous study, we analyzed the nuclease activity of 3D8 scFv and determined that a HeLa cell line expressing 3D8 scFv conferred resistance to herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and pseudorabies virus (PRV). In this study, we demonstrate that 3D8 scFv could be delivered to target tissues and cells where it exerted a therapeutic effect against PRV. PRV was inoculated via intramuscular injection, and 3D8 scFv was injected intraperitoneally. The observed therapeutic effect of 3D8 scFv against PRV was also supported by results from quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, southern hybridization, and immunohistochemical assays. Intraperitoneal injection of 5 and $10{\mu}g$ 3D8 scFv resulted in no detectable toxicity. The survival rate in C57BL/6 mice was 9% after intramuscular injection of 10 $LD_{50}$ PRV. In contrast, the 3D8 scFv-injected C57BL/6 mice showed survival rates of 57% ($5{\mu}g$) and 47% ($10{\mu}g$). The results indicate that 3D8 scFv could be utilized as an effective antiviral agent in several animal models.
Lee, Dongjun,Joo, Ikhyung,Lee, Changsub,Song, Duheon,Choi, Byoungdeog Institute of Pure and Applied Physics 2016 Japanese Journal of Applied Physics Vol.55 No.11
<P>We investigated the abnormal degradation of high-voltage p-type MOSFET (HV pMOSFET) under negative AC gate bias stress. In HV pMOSFET with n+ polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) gate, the abnormal degradation occurs after the gradual degradation during negative AC stress. The abnormal degradation is suppressed by changing the gate material from n+ poly-Si to p+ poly-Si, and it is caused by hot holes produced by the impact ionization near the surface when electrons move from the gate toward the gate oxide. We suggest a possible mechanism to explain the improvement of degradation by using p+ poly-Si as a gate material. (C) 2016 The Japan Society of Applied Physics.</P>
Lee, Seon Jin,Kim, Da Yeon,Yun, Jisoo,Choi, Sung Hyun,Jung, Seok Yun,Kang, Songhwa,Park, Ji Hye,Kim, Yeon Ju,Ha, Jong Seong,Ji, Seung Taek,Jang, Woong Bi,Lee, Dong Hyung,Lee, Dongjun,Kwon, Sang-Mo Hindawi 2018 Stem cells international Vol.2018 No.-
<P>Cross talks between the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), sympathetic nervous system, and vascular homeostasis are tightly coordinated in hypertension. Angiotensin II (Ang II), a key factor in RAS, when abnormally activated, affects the number and bioactivity of circulating human endothelial progenitor cells (hEPCs) in hypertensive patients. In this study, we investigated how the augmentation of Ang II regulates adrenergic receptor-mediated signaling and angiogenic bioactivities of hEPCs. Interestingly, the short-term treatment of hEPCs with Ang II drastically attenuated the expression of beta-2 adrenergic receptor (ADRB2), but did not alter the expression of beta-1 adrenergic receptor (ADRB1) and Ang II type 1 receptor (AT1R). EPC functional assay clearly demonstrated that the treatment with ADRB2 agonists significantly increased EPC bioactivities including cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation abilities. However, EPC bioactivities were decreased dramatically when treated with Ang II. Importantly, the attenuation of EPC bioactivities by Ang II was restored by treatment with an AT1R antagonist (telmisartan; TERT). We found that AT1R binds to ADRB2 in physiological conditions, but this binding is significantly decreased in the presence of Ang II. Furthermore, TERT, an Ang II-AT1R interaction blocker, restored the interaction between AT1R and ADRB2, suggesting that Ang II might induce the dysfunction of EPCs via downregulation of ADRB2, and an AT1R blocker could prevent Ang II-mediated ADRB2 depletion in EPCs. Taken together, our report provides novel insights into potential therapeutic approaches for hypertension-related cardiovascular diseases.</P>
ER71 Acts Downstream of BMP, Notch, and Wnt Signaling in Blood and Vessel Progenitor Specification
Lee, Dongjun,Park, Changwon,Lee, Ho,Lugus, Jesse J.,Kim, Seok Hyung,Arentson, Elizabeth,Chung, Yun Shin,Gomez, Gustavo,Kyba, Michael,Lin, Shuo,Janknecht, Ralf,Lim, Dae-Sik,Choi, Kyunghee Elsevier 2008 Cell stem cell Vol.2 No.5
<P><B>Summary</B></P><P>FLK1-expressing (FLK1<SUP>+</SUP>) mesoderm generates blood and vessels. Here, we show that combined BMP, Notch, and Wnt signaling is necessary for efficient FLK1<SUP>+</SUP> mesoderm formation from embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Inhibition of BMP, Notch, and Wnt signaling pathways greatly decreased the generation of FLK1<SUP>+</SUP> mesoderm and expression of the Ets transcription factor <I>Er71</I>. Enforced expression of ER71 in ESCs resulted in a robust induction of FLK1<SUP>+</SUP> mesoderm; rescued the generation of FLK1<SUP>+</SUP> mesoderm when blocked by BMP, Notch, and Wnt inhibition; and enhanced hematopoietic and endothelial cell generation. <I>Er71</I>-deficient mice had greatly reduced FLK1 expression, died early in gestation, and displayed severe blood and vessel defects that are highly reminiscent of the <I>Flk1</I> null mouse phenotype. Collectively, we provide compelling evidence that ER71 functions downstream of BMP, Notch, and Wnt signals and regulates FLK1<SUP>+</SUP> mesoderm, blood, and vessel development.</P>
Passive Configuration Decomposition and Passivity-Based Control of Nonholonomic Mechanical Systems
Lee, Dongjun,Lui, Kent Yee IEEE 2017 IEEE transactions on robotics Vol.33 No.2
<P>We propose a novel passivity-based stabilization control framework for a certain class of nonholonomic mechanical systems. First, we derive the notion of passive configuration decomposition, which enables us to configuration-level decompose the system's Lagrange-D'Alembert dynamics into two systems, each evolving on their respective configuration spaces and also individually inheriting Lagrangian structure and passivity from the original dynamics. We then propose passivity-based time-varying and passivity-based switching control schemes that, by utilizing some control actions defined on each of the configuration spaces of the two systems and also their interplay with the nonholonomic constraint, can achieve stabilization while exploiting the nonlinear dynamics of the decomposed dynamics. We also provide conditions under which the passive configuration decomposition is possible, establish an equivalence between certain conditions for the proposed controls and kinematic controllability, and elucidate robustness property of the proposed controls based on passivity. Finally, examples are provided along with their simulation and experimental results to illustrate the theory.</P>
( Dongjune Lee ),( Seung Eel Oh ),( In Kwang Lee ),( Taeyong Sim ),( Su Bin Joo ),( Hyun Joon Park ),( Joung Hwan Mun ) 한국농업기계학회 2015 바이오시스템공학 Vol.40 No.3
Purpose: From the perspective of biomechanics, joint moments quantitatively show a subject’s ability to perform actions. In this study, the effect of normalization in the fast and asymmetric motions of a golf swing was investigated by applying three different normalization methods to the raw joint moment. Methods: The study included 13 subjects with no previous history of musculoskeletal diseases. Golf swing analyses were performed with six infrared cameras and two force plates. The majority of the raw peak joint moments showed a significant correlation at p < 0.05. Additionally, the resulting effects after applying body weight (BW), body weight multiplied by height (BWH), and body weight multiplied by leg length (BWL) normalization methods were analyzed through correlation and regression analysis. Results: The BW, BWH, and BWL normalization methods normalized 8, 10, and 11 peak joint moments out of 18, respectively. The best method for normalizing the golf swing was found to be the BWL method, which showed significant statistical differences. Several raw peak joint moments showed no significant correlation with measured anthropometrics, which was considered to be related to the muscle coordination that occurs in the swing of skilled professional golfers. Conclusions: The results of this study show that the BWL normalization method can effectively remove differences due to physical characteristics in the golf swing analysis.