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A Smooth Transition Method Between Position Sensorless Control Algorithms of PM Machines
Thomas LaBella,Younghoon Cho,Jih-Sheng Lai 전력전자학회 2011 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2011 No.5
This paper presents a method of smoothly transitioning between low-speed and high-speed position sensorless control algorithms of permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs). The transition method estimates the load torque, synchronizes the estimated outputs of both algorithms, and then smoothly transitions from one algorithm to the other. This is achieved by commanding a calculated open-loop torque reference while the estimator that is taking over reaches steady-state. The effectiveness of the proposed method has been experimentally verified by transitioning between various low-speed and high-speed control algorithms using an 11-㎾ interior permanent magnet (IPM) motor.
Valente, Sergio,Liu, Yiwei,Schnekenburger, Michael,Zwergel, Clemens,Cosconati, Sandro,Gros, Christina,Tardugno, Maria,Labella, Donatella,Florean, Cristina,Minden, Steven,Hashimoto, Hideharu,Chang, Yan American Chemical Society 2014 Journal of medicinal chemistry Vol.57 No.3
<P/><P>DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) are important enzymes involved in epigenetic control of gene expression and represent valuable targets in cancer chemotherapy. A number of nucleoside DNMT inhibitors (DNMTi) have been studied in cancer, including in cancer stem cells, and two of them (azacytidine and decitabine) have been approved for treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes. However, only a few non-nucleoside DNMTi have been identified so far, and even fewer have been validated in cancer. Through a process of hit-to-lead optimization, we report here the discovery of compound <B>5</B> as a potent non-nucleoside DNMTi that is also selective toward other AdoMet-dependent protein methyltransferases. Compound <B>5</B> was potent at single-digit micromolar concentrations against a panel of cancer cells and was less toxic in peripheral blood mononuclear cells than two other compounds tested. In mouse medulloblastoma stem cells, <B>5</B> inhibited cell growth, whereas related compound <B>2</B> showed high cell differentiation. To the best of our knowledge, <B>2</B> and <B>5</B> are the first non-nucleoside DNMTi tested in a cancer stem cell line.</P>