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Bong Kyung Bae(Bong Kyung Bae),Jeong Il Yu(Jeong Il Yu),Hee Chul Park(Hee Chul Park),Myung Ji Goh(Myung Ji Goh),Yong-Han Paik(Yong-Han Paik) 대한방사선종양학회 2023 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.41 No.2
Purpose: To report the trends of radiotherapy in the management of elderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients who entered HCC registry of Samsung Medical Center between 2005 and 2017. Patients who were 75 years or older at the time of registration were defined as elderly. They were categorized into three groups based on the year of registration. Radiotherapy characteristics were compared between the groups to observe differences by age groups and period of registration. Results: Out of 9,132 HCC registry patients, elderly comprised 6.2% (566 patients) of the registry, and the proportion increased throughout the study period (from 3.1% to 11.4%). Radiotherapy was administered to 107 patients (18.9%) in elderly group. Radiotherapy utilization in the early treatment process (within 1 year after registration) has rapidly increased from 6.1% to 15.3%. All treatments before 2008 were delivered with two-dimensional or three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy, while more than two-thirds of treatments after 2017 were delivered with advanced techniques such as intensity-modulated radiotherapy, stereotactic body radiotherapy, or proton beam therapy. Overall survival (OS) of elderly was significantly worse than younger patients. However, for patients who received radiotherapy during the initial management (within one month after registration), there was no statistically significant difference in OS between age groups. Conclusion: The proportion of elderly HCC is increasing. Radiotherapy utilization and adoption of advanced radiotherapy technique showed a consistently increasing trend for the group of patients, indicating that the role of radiotherapy in the management of elderly HCC is expanding.
Clinical utilization of radiation therapy in Korea between 2017 and 2019
Eunji Kim(Eunji Kim),Won Il Jang(Won Il Jang),Kwangmo Yang(Kwangmo Yang),Mi-Sook Kim(Mi-Sook Kim),Hyung Jun Yoo(Hyung Jun Yoo),Eun Kyung Paik(Eun Kyung Paik),Heejin Kim(Heejin Kim),Jaesun Yoon(Jaesun 대한방사선종양학회 2022 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.40 No.4
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical infrastructure and utilization of radiotherapy (RT) services in Korea between 2017 and 2019. Materials and Methods: We extracted the data of patients who underwent RT between 2017 and 2019 from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service. We further analyzed this data according to the diagnosis and treatment modalities of patients diagnosed with International Classification of Disease 10 (ICD-10) diagnostic codes C00–C97 and D00–D48. In addition, we collected statistics on RT facilities in Korea using a nationwide survey. Results: The total number of patients who received RT in 2017, 2018, and 2019 were 77,901, 81,849, and 87,460, respectively. The number of patients diagnosed with ICD 10 C- and D-codes in 2019 was 86,339, of whom 39,467 were men and 46,872 women. The rate of utilization of RT among cancer patients was 30.4% in 2017 and 2018 and 30.9% in 2019. In 2019, the most common types of cancers treated with RT were breast, lung, prostate, colorectal, and liver cancers. Regarding the RT infrastructure in Korea, there were 95 radiation oncology centers, 237 megavoltage (MV) teletherapy units, 35 brachytherapy units, and two proton accelerators in 2019. There were 4.5 MV teletherapy machines per million. Conclusion: The number of patients treated with RT has increased consistently from 2017 to 2019. As the number of patients with cancer increases, it is expected that the RT infrastructure will be further expanded in Korea.
Paik, Eun Kyung,Kim, Mi-Sook,Jang, Won Il,Seo, Young Seok,Cho, Chul-Koo,Yoo, Hyung Jun,Han, Chul Ju,Park, Su Cheol,Kim, Sang Bum,Kim, Young Han BioMed Central 2016 Radiation oncology Vol.11 No.-
<P><B>Background</B></P><P>This study aimed to evaluate the effect of stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) after incomplete transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>The study enrolled 178 HCC patients initially treated with TACE between 2006 and 2011. Patients were included if they had Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage 0 or A, ≤3 nodules with a total sum of longest diameter ≤10 cm, Child-Turcotte-Pugh score of ≤7, no major vessel invasion, and no extra-hepatic metastases.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Twenty-four patients achieved a complete response to TACE (group 1). Among those with incomplete response, 47 patients received other curative treatments (group 2), 37 received SABR (group 3), and 70 received non-curative treatments (group 4). The 2–year overall survival (OS) rates for groups 1, 2, 3, and 4 were 88 %, 81 %, 73 %, and 54 %, respectively. The corresponding 5-year OS rates were 50 %, 58 %, 53 %, and 28 %, respectively.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Patients treated with SABR after incomplete TACE had similar survival outcomes to those achieving complete response to TACE or receiving curative treatments. However, patients receiving non-curative treatments had significantly lower survival rates than the other groups. Therefore, if SABR was indicated at the initial diagnosis, it might be recommended after TACE failure.</P>
Kyung-Su Choi,Hyun-Seung Rhyu,Dae-Eun Kim,Tae-Hyung Lee,Il-Young Paik 한국운동재활학회 2019 한국운동재활학회 학술대회 Vol.2019 No.05
This research is composed of one preliminary test and three primary tests targeting 8 high school cycle players, and aims at investigating an influence of carbohydrate mouth rinse on aerobic exercise performance ability of Heart Rate (HR), Distance and Rating of Perceived exertion(RPE) and presenting an effective solution to it. For this research, 8 high school cycle players are selected. Then the preliminary test and the three primary tests of Normal race (NO) group, Maltodextrin mouth rinse race(MA) group, and Saccharin mouth rinse race (SA) group are fulfilled. The preliminary test takes fulfills the check of the basic body composition component of stature, weight, body fat, etc., and checks the maximum oxygen consumption using gas analyzer. The primary test arranges 70% strength of Wmax value measured by the preliminary test, and carries out one-hour time trial staying over 80rpm. When it can't stay over 80 rpm, the race is supposed to be quit. The primary test is proceeded in the respectively different ways. NO group proceeds a general race of routeway strength without doing anything. MA group proceeds a race of the same strength after mouth rinse of 7% maltodextrin liquid 25 ml of 70 g/1L for 15 seconds before exercise, and SA group proceeds a race of the same strength after mouth rinse of 0.1% saccharin liquid 25ml of 1g/1L for 15 seconds before exercise. Every 15 minutes during exercise, using RPE scale, the test checks on aerobic exercise performance ability and individual exercise intensity which each student feels. To put the research finding together, the primary test of carbohydrate mouth rinse shows the increase in aerobic exercise performance ability of HR, Distance and the affirmative results in RPE of individual subjective feels of exercise intensity. This shows that carbohydrate mouth rinse before exercise may induce an affirmative physiological change from the players. This result seems to make sure of an improvement effect in exercise performance and fatigue. However, in consideration of personal difference, it is thought that it would be necessary to continually study on metabolic test at various exercise type and strength through carbohydrate mouth rinse in long-term, on the basis of this research finding.
Paik, Eun Kyung,Kim, Mi-Sook,Choi, Chul Won,Jang, Won Il,Lee, Sung Hyun,Choi, Sang Hyoun,Kim, Kum Bae,Lee, Dong Han The Korean Society for Radiation Oncology 2015 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.33 No.3
Purpose: To compare volumetric modulated arc therapy of RapidArc with robotic stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) of CyberKnife in the planning and delivery of SBRT for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment by analyzing dosimetric parameters. Materials and Methods: Two radiation treatment plans were generated for 29 HCC patients, one using Eclipse for the RapidArc plan and the other using Multiplan for the CyberKnife plan. The prescription dose was 60 Gy in 3 fractions. The dosimetric parameters of planning target volume (PTV) coverage and normal tissue sparing in the RapidArc and the CyberKnife plans were analyzed. Results: The conformity index was $1.05{\pm}0.02$ for the CyberKnife plan, and $1.13{\pm}0.10$ for the RapidArc plan. The homogeneity index was $1.23{\pm}0.01$ for the CyberKnife plan, and $1.10{\pm}0.03$ for the RapidArc plan. For the normal liver, there were significant differences between the two plans in the low-dose regions of $V_1$ and $V_3$. The normalized volumes of $V_{60}$ for the normal liver in the RapidArc plan were drastically increased when the mean dose of the PTVs in RapidArc plan is equivalent to the mean dose of the PTVs in the CyberKnife plan. Conclusion: CyberKnife plans show greater dose conformity, especially in small-sized tumors, while RapidArc plans show good dosimetric distribution of low dose sparing in the normal liver and body.
Won-Il Kim(김원일),Jin-Kyoung Kim(김진경),Ji-Hyock Yoo(류지혁),Min-Kyoung Paik(백민경),Sang-Won Park(박상원),Oh-Kyung Kwon(권오경),Moo-Ki Hong(홍무기),Jay-E Yang(양재의),Jeong-Gyu Kim(김정규) 한국토양비료학회 2009 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.42 No.1
휴폐광산 인근 주민에 대한 위해영향을 평가하는데 있어서 벼 품종에 따른 변이를 파악하기 위하여 농경지 토양 및 쌀의 비소, 카드뮴, 구리 및 납의 함량을 분석하였다. 중금속 오염농경지에서 조사된 잠재적인 인체노출경로로서 오염된 농경지 및 쌀을 통한 경구섭취 및 피부접촉을 통한 품종간 일일평균 인체노출량(ADD)을 산정하였다. 비발암성 위해도 평가로 노출경로별 중금속의 위험비율인 HQ 지수와 모든 노출경로를 총합한 중금속의 위험지수인 HI 값을 US-EPA D/B를 활용하였다. 벼 품종간 HI 지수는 23.6∼34.3으로 전품종에서 높은 잠재적 위해성으로 평가되었는데 DA 품종이 가장 낮은 반면 TB 품종이 가장 높은 HI 값을 보였다. 쌀 소비에따른 비소의 발암성 위해도 평가는 품종간 2.0E-03∼3.5E-03을 보여 미국 EPA에서 정한 위해성 기준인 만명중 한명 이상으로 높게 나타났다. 발암성 위해도에 대한 품종간 비교에서 DA 품종이 가장 낮은 반면 TB 품종이 가장 높은 HI 값을 보였다. 이러한 결과는 위해성 평가가 중금속 오염에 안전한 품종을 선발하는데 유용한 도구로서 활용할 수 있음을 보여준다. Heavy metal pollution may be one of the most serious challenges confront crop production and human health. Therefore, the selection of heavy metal tolerance cultivars which adapted to the contaminated fields will introduced a suitable solution for management this critical environmental risk. The objectives of this research is to assess human health risk using geochemical analyses and exposure assessment of heavy metals in rice cultivars. Risk for inhabitants in the closed mine area was comparatively assessed for As, Cd, Cu and Pb in 10 rice varieties as a major exposure pathway. The average daily dose (ADD) of each heavy metal was estimated by analyzing the exposure pathways to rice and soil. For the non-carcinogenic risk characterization, Hazard Quotient (HQ) and Hazard Index (HI) were calculated using toxicity indices provided by US-EPA IRIS. The different rice varieties revealed a wide range of HI values from 23.6 to 34.3, indicating that all rice varieties have a high potential toxic risk. The DA rice variety showed the lowest HI value while the TB rice variety the highest. The probabilities of cancer risk for As via rice consumption were varied with rice varieties ranging from 2.0E-03 to 3.5E-03 which exceeded the regulatory acceptable risk of 1 in 10,000 set by US-EPA. The DA rice variety also showed the lowest value while the TB rice variety gave the highest value. Our results indicate that risk assessment can be contribute to screen the pollution safe rice cultivars in paddy fields affected by the mining activity.