Spawning Behavior, Egg Development, Larvae and Juvenile Morphology of Hyphessobrycon eques (Pisces: Characidae) Characidae Fishes

Jae-Min Park,Na-Ri Kim,Kyeong-Ho Han3,Ji-Hyeong Han,Maeng-Hyun Son,Jae-Kwon Cho 한국발생생물학회 2014 발생과 생식 Vol.18 No.4

Hyphessobrycon eques is a famous fish for ornamental fish market and aquarium. They are inhabit in regions of Amazon and Paraguay River basin. Serpae fishs were investigated 2–3 males are chased to female, and then males attempted to simulate the females abdomen. After fertilization, eggs were kept in incubators at 28oC. The fertilized eggs had adhesive and demesal characteristics and had a mean diameter of 0.92 ± 0.01 mm. Larvae hatched at 16 hrs post fertilization. The hatched larvae averaged 2.90 ± 0.16 mm in total length (LT). Complete yolk sac resorption and mouth opening occurred on the third day post hatching. At 45 days post hatching, the larvae were 12.5 ± 1.60 mm LT and had reached the juvenile stage.

포항 석병연안에서 삼중자망에 의해 채집된 어류의 종조성 및 양적변동

한경호,손종철,황동식,최수하 한국어류학회 2002 韓國魚類學會誌 Vol.14 No.2

경상북도 포항시 석병 연안에서 삼중자망 5폭을 사용, 1998년 1월부터 12월까지 총 12회에 걸쳐 어류를 포획하여, 어류의 종조성 및 양적변동을 조사하였다. 포획된 어류는 총 1網 7目 27科 58種, 607개체, 93,427g으로 쏨뱅이 目(Scorpaeniformes)과 쏨뱅이 目(Scorpaeniformes) 어류가 총 41種으로 전체 출현종 수의 70.7%를 차지하여 우점하는 분류군이었으며, 科별로는 양볼락 科(Scorpaenidae) 어류가 8種 출현하여, 가장 많은 種이 출현하였다. 개체수에서 우점종은 망상어, 노래미, 쥐노래미, 용치놀래기, 쥐치, 볼락, 개볼락, 멸치 및 임연수어로 이들 9種이 전개체수의 62.9%를 차지하였다. 생체량에서 우점종은 망상어, 쥐노래미, 임연수어, 노래미, 볼락 및 용치놀래기로 이들 6種이 전생체량의 58.4%를 차지하였다. 출현 개체수와 생체량은 수온이 상승하는 4월과, 고수온기인 7월 및 10월에 높게 나타났으며, 저수온기인 1월에는 낮게 나타나, 수온과 밀접한 관계가 있었다. 월별 출현종수는 수온이 낮은 1월에 10種이 출현하여 가장 적었고, 수온의 상승폭이 큰 5월에 24種으로 가장 많았다. 종 다양도지수는 1.640~2.594의 범위로 경월변화가 적고, 인근 해역에 비해서 높은 지수를 나타내고 있어, 다양한 어종과 안정된 군집구조를 형성하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 조사해역에서 연 중 출현한 어종은 망상어, 노래미, 쥐노래미, 볼락 등이며, 체형이 크고 성장도가 양호할 뿐만 아니라 주거종으로서 경제성있는 어종으로 평가된다. Fishes were collected by trammel net to determine seasonal species composition and biomass in coastal waters of Seokbyeong, Pohang, Gyeongsangbuk-do from January to December, 1998. A total of 607 fishes(93,427g) was sampled and classified into 58 species belonging to 27 families and 7 orders. The most dominant orders were Scorpaeniformes and Perciformes, which together accounted for 70.7% of the total. The most dominant family Scorpaenidae was represented by eight species. The dominant species were Ditrema temmincki, Hexagrammos agrammus, H. otakii, Halichoeres poecilopterus, Stephanolepis cirrhifer, Sebastes inermis, Sebastes pachycephalus, Engraulis japonicus and Pleurogrammus azonus; they accounted for 62.9% of the total fishes collected. The dominant species in biomass were Ditrema temmincki, Hexagrammos agrammus, H. otakii, Halichoeres poecilopterus, Sebastes inermis and Pleurogrammus azonus. Those species accounted for 58.4% of the total biomass. The number of individuals and the biomass were much higher in summer and autumn than in winter and spring, and closely correlated with water temperature. Monthly number of species was highest in May, with 24 species and lowest in January, with 10 species. The highest diversity index was in June(H'=2.594), and lowest in January(H'=1.640). The diversity index was 1.640~2.594, with little monthly fluctuation. The diversity index in coastal waters of Seokbyeong was higher than that in other coastal waters. It suggest that the cluster structure may be stable.

민어(Miichthys miiuy)의 卵發生過程 및 仔稚魚 발육단계에 따른 형태발달

한경호,오성현,황동식,조영현,서대철 한국어류학회 2002 韓國魚類學會誌 Vol.14 No.2

본 연구는 2000년 8월 19일 전라남도 신안군 임자도 연안에서 2각망으로 어획된 민어 어미를 인위적인 방법으로 수정하여 부화 사육하면서 관찰한 卵發生 過程 및 仔稚魚 형태변화는 다음과 같다. 1. 민어의 受精卵은 구형의 분리 부성난으로 알의 크기는 0.96~1.08㎜(평균 1.01㎜, n=50)였고, 크고 작은 油球가 1~5개(0.06~0.34㎜) 존재하였다. 2. 사육수온 25.2~28.4℃에서 受精 후 17시간 10분에는 배체가 卵膜을 뚫고 머리부터 孵化하기 시작하였다. 3. 孵化 직후 仔魚의 전장은 2.36~2.63㎜(평균 2.48㎜, n=10)로 전장의 45.0~47.0%에 달하는 큰 卵黃(장경 1.11~1.20㎜, 단경 0.92~0.96㎜)을 가지고 있으며 筋節은 7~8+ 17~19=24~27개였다. 4. 孵化 후 3일째 仔魚는 전장 3.98~4.32㎜(평균 4.16㎜, n=10)로 입은 열려있었고, 이 시기에 섭이활동이 활발하게 관찰되면서 卵黃이 완전히 흡수되어 後期仔魚期로 이행되었다. 5. 孵化 후 10일째 後期仔魚는 전장이 5.88~6.74㎜(평균 6.30㎜, n=10)로 꼬리의 말단이 굽어지기 시작하는 시기로 黑色素胞가 기저후두골 뒷부분의 체측에서 점모양 및 나뭇가지모양 으로 출현하였다. 6. 孵化 후 31일째 개체의 전장은 9.62~12.76㎜(평균 11.12㎜, n=10)로 모든 지느러미가 정수에 달하였고, 체형이나 반문이 成魚와 닮아 種魚期로 이행하였다. Egg development and morphological change of larvae of the brown croaker, Miichthys miiuy, were investigated after obtaining samples by artificial insemination. The spawning season extends from the middle to the end of August in the seas off Lim-ja Island, Cheollanam-do. The fertilized eggs were transparent, spherical, separate and they floated. Egg diameter ranged 0.96~1.08㎜ with several oil globules of 0.06~0.34㎜. Hatching occurred 17 hours 10 minutes after fertilization in 25.2~28.4℃ water temperature. The newly-hatched larvae were 2.36~2.63㎜(mean:2.48㎜, n=10) in total length(TL), had a large yolk, and 7~8+17~19=24~27 myotomes. Melanophores were distributed on the eye lens. Three days after hatching the larvae had attained 3.98~4.32㎜ in TL(mean:4.16㎜, n=10), the yolk sac was completely absorbed, and they had transformed into the postlarva stage. The larva reached the juvenile stage with all fins formed and with a complete set of fin rays(D.Ⅹ-28~31;A.Ⅱ-7~8;P. 21~23;C. 19~21;V. 25~26) on the 31st day after hatching. The juveniles were 9.62~12.76㎜(mean:11.12㎜, n=10) in total length. At this point the juvenile was similar to the adult in body form and pigmentation pattern.

한국産 밀복屬과 은띠복屬(國名新稱) 魚類의 分類學的 硏究

韓景鎬,金容億 여수대학교 1998 論文集 Vol.12 No.2

The taxonomic revision of the six species(L. lunaris, L. goloveri, L. wheeleri, L. inermis, L. laevigatus and P. sceleratus) of the genera Lagocephalus and Pleuranacanthus from Korea carried out based on external morphological characters. Six species representing 2 genera of the Family Tetraodontidae in Korea redescribed, and provisional keys to species were provided. Of thses, 2 species are new to the Korean fish fauna. They are Lagocephalus laevigatus (Linnaeus) and Pleurancanthus sceleratur (Gmelin). Lagocephalus inermis differs from the other four congeneric species, since it shows different synapomorphic characters of the black gill slits and prickles. The Genus Pleurancanthus has different characters of body form, meristic and measurements characters, and lateral line system in Lagocephalus, therefore it should be included in the Genus rank.

버들치(Phoxinus oxycephalus) 仔稚魚의 골격 발달

한경호,노병율 여수대학교 2001 論文集 Vol.16 No.-

Twenty individuals of the Phoxinus oxycephalus (Sauvage et Dabry) were caught in Kyeongho River, Kyeongsangnam-do and were reared in the laboratory. During the rearing, they spawned 5 times in April, 1998, and their larvae and juveniles were reared. The osteological development of Phoxinus oxycephalus was studied based on them. At the cranium, parasphenoid was firstly ossified in the larvae (6 days after hatching), mean 6.44㎜ in total length (TL), and ossification of the cranium was completed in the juveniles (80 days after hatching), means 18.76㎜ in TL. At the visceral, opercle and dentary were firstly ossified in the larvae (13 days after hatching), mean 6.82㎜ in TL, and ossification of the visceral was completed in the juveniles (80 days after hatching). The ossification of the vertebral columns began posteriorly and was completed in the juveniles (80 days after hatching). The caudal skeleton was firstly ossified in the larvae (16 days after hatching), mean 7.02㎜ in TL and comleted in the larvae (44 days after hatching), 13.72㎜ in TL.

큰가시고기, Gasterosteus aculeatus aculeatus의 産卵行動, 卵發生 및 仔稚漁期의 形態

韓景鎬,金容億 釜山水産大學校 1989 釜山水産大學 硏究報告 Vol.29 No.1-2

1987年 3月15日에 釜山 松亭洞에 位置한 河川에서 投網에 의해 採捕한 큰가시고기 親魚들을 實驗室에 設置된 水槽에서 飼育하면서, 産卵行動을 觀察하였고, 3月24日에 自然産卵한 卵과 人工受精시킨 卵을 材料로 發生過程과 孵化 仔魚의 成長에 따른 外部形態, 稜鱗의 發達過程 및 內部骨格의 骨化過程을 調査한 結果를 要約하면 다음과 같다. 産卵期의 수컷은 婚姻色이 나타나고, 産卵床을 만들며, 텃세行動을 한다. 受精卵은 卵徑이 1.45∼1.65mm로 淡黃色을 띠고 거의 球形이며 多數의 油球를 가진 沈性粘着卵이다. 孵化에 所要된 時間은 飼育水溫 15.65∼18.85℃(平均, 16.35℃)에서 受精後 177時間만에 孵化하였다. 孵化直後의 仔魚는 全長 5.45∼5.60mm(平均, 5.55mm)로 입이 열리기 시작하고, 肛門은 아직 열려 있지 않다. 孵化後 8日째의 仔魚는 全長 7.25∼8.40mm(平均, 7.76mm)로 卵黃이 完全히 吸收되어 後期仔魚에 달한다. 孵化後 31日째의 個體는 全長 11.70∼14.00mm(平均, 13.53mm)로 D.Ⅲ-14, A.Ⅰ-11, P.10, Ⅴ.Ⅰ-1, C.12로 各 기조가 定數에 달하여 稚魚期로 移行한다. 稜鱗은 孵化後 33日째인 全長 13.15∼14.75mm의 稚魚에서 前方側線鱗이 처음으로 發生하고 孵化後 43日째인 全長 16.25mm의 個體에서 꼬리자루 末端에 後方側線鱗이 發達하여 孵化後 60日째인 全長 26.50mm에서 鱗板이 完成된다. 頭蓋骨 및 內臟骨은 孵化 3日째인 全長 6.85mm에서 骨化되기 시작하여 稚魚期에 달한 孵化 37日째의 全長 14.87mm에 이르러 대부분 骨化한다. 脊椎骨은 앞끝에서 發達을 시작하여 뒷쪽으로 骨化가 進行되며, 神經棘과 血管棘은 對應하는 椎體보다 늦게 骨化한다. 骨格은 孵化 3日째인 全長 5.95∼7.35mm의 仔魚에서 攝餌와 呼吸에 연관된 부분부터 먼저 骨化가 일어나, 빠른 速度로 發達이 進行되어 孵化 45日째인 全長 16.65mm를 前後하여 대부분의 骨格이 完成된다. The purpose of present study is to describe the taxonomy and early life history of three-spined stickelback, Gasterosteus aculeatus aculeatus Linnaeus. The adult male of G. aculeatus aculeatus showed the construction of nest and territorial behavior. A courtship behavior of male induced brooding female to the nest. The female spawn at there, thereafter the male protects the nest until larvae can swim out from the nest. A spawning behavior shows species-specific. G. aculeatus aculeatus take about 177 hours to hatch at 15.65˚-18.85℃. The larvae reached 7.76mm at 6 days and 12.50-14.25mm at 31 days after hatching in total length. When the fish reaches to about 26.50mm in total length, the posterior scutes develop to the caudal keel and the anterior scutes like rhombic shape, the number of them was 8-9 and 22-24, respectively. Ossification of all bones was nearly completed at 16.65mm in total length.

넙치(Paralichthys olivaceus)의 초기생활사에 관한 연구 I. 난발생과정 및 仔稚魚의 形態發達

韓景鎬,金容億 여수대학교 1997 論文集 Vol.11 No.2

Artificial fertilization of the flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus(Temminck et Schlegel) caught at Pohang brook was performed in May 19, 1995 and hatched larvae were reared for 50 days to describe the development of eggs and the morphogenesis of larvae and juveniles. The egg is bouyant, colorless and spherical in shape, measuring 0.90~0.94㎜ in diameter(mean: 0.92㎜). Hatching in the indoor tank with 17.60℃ in mean water temperature started from the 50 hours after fertilization. Newly-hatched larvae were measured 2.40~2.53㎜ in total length(TL, mean:2.49㎜), and mouth and anus were not yet open. Melanophores and xanthophores were present on the yolk and membrane fin, and on the dorsal and ventral part of the caudal region. Five days post-hatch larvae transformed to postlarval stage and they were 3.84~4.50㎜ in TL(mean: 4.20㎜). As yolk sac were completely resorbed, mouth and anus were open, and they fed rotifer, Branchionus plicatilis actively. In 18 days after hatching, the larvae grew to 7.85㎜ in TL, number of elongated dorsal fin rays 6~7, and membrane of these hypertrophied rays densely pigmented. Individuals of 11.40~13.25㎜ in TL(30 days after hatching) are regared to have attained to the juvenile stage. All the fins were well formed with complete set of fin rays(D. 76~83; A. 60~65; P. 14~16; V.6; C.18~19).

영일만에 출현하는 부유성 난과 자치어의 종조성 및 계절변화

한경호,홍지선,김영섭,전경암,김영숙,홍병규,황동식 한국어류학회 2003 韓國魚類學會誌 Vol.15 No.2

경상북도 영일만 연안에서 2001년 2월, 5월, 8월 및 11월에 계절별로 채집된 부유성 난과 자치어의 종조성 및 계절변화를 연구하였다. 채집된 부유성 난은 총 9개 분류군으로, 멸치가 출현량의 63.4%로 가장 우점하였고, 다음 까나리는 23.7%를 차지하였으며, 나머지는 7개 분류군이 12.9%를 차지하였다. 자치어는 총 7목 28과 37개의 분류군이 출현하였는데, 그 중 32개 분류군은 종 수준까지, 3개 분류군은 속 수준까지, 2개 분류군은 과 수준까지 동정하였다. 2월에는 2목 7과 12종, 5월에는 3목 5과 7종, 8월에는 6목 18과 21종, 11월에는 6목 14과 16종이 출현하였다. 주요 출현종으로서는 까나리가 자치어 출현량의 22.7%를 차지하여 가장 우점하였으며, 다음은 멸치가 16.7%, 동갈양태속 어류가 14.1%를 차지하였고, 노래미와 쥐노래미가 각각 5.7%와 5.5를 차지하였다. The ichthyoplanktons in coastal waters of Yongil Bay were sampled during four different months (February, May, August and November 2001) to study their distribution. The collected fish eggs were identified as belonging to nine species. The most dominant species Engraulis japonicus accounted for 63.4% of the total fish eggs, followed by Ammodytes personatus (23.7%) and Sardinops melanostictus (9.2%). The collected larvae and juveniles were identified into 37 taxa (28 families, 7 orders). Of these, 32 were identified to species, three were identified to genus and two were identified to family level. The dominant species Ammodytes personatus accounted for 22.7% of the total larvae and juveniles, followed by Engraulis japonicus (16.7%), and Repomucenus sp. (14.1%). These three taxa constituted 53.5% of the total collected larvae and juveniles.

한국산 붕어(Carassius auratus)의 초기생활사

한경호,진동수,유동재,백승록,황동식 여수대학교 2001 論文集 Vol.16 No.-

The egg development and morphological development of larvae and juveniles of crucian carp, Carassius auratus (Linnaeus) caught at Bosung River, Chollanam-do, in April to June, 1999 were investigated in the laboratory, Yosu National University. In the spawning season, the nuptial organ was appeared on the opercular region and under region of eye, pectoral fin, ventral fin and lateral line. The egg was transparent of yellowish brown color, demersal of adhesive and sperical in shape, measuring 1.49∼1.63㎜ (mean 1.57㎜, n=50) in diameter. The first hatching was occured in 75 hours 10 minutes after fertilization in water temperature 18.3∼21.7℃. Newly hatched larvae attained mean 4.28㎜ had a big yolk sac and their mouth, and anus were not opened yet. At 5 days after hatching, the larvae attained mean 5.34㎜ and the yolk sac was almost absorded. At 13 days after hatching, the larvae attained mean 7.21㎜. The caudal notocord was flexed 45°upward, and they reached post larvae stage. At 31 days after hatching, the larvae, mean 14.68㎜ in TL reached the juvenile stage with all of the fins formed with complete set of the fin rays (D. ⅩII-11∼15; A. Ⅲ-5∼6; P. 15∼16; V. 1-8).

저질에 따른 바지락(Ruditapes philippinarum)의 염분내성

한경호,오성현,장선익,이우범,이원교 國立 麗水大學校 環境問題硏究所 2000 環境硏究論文集 Vol.3 No.-

Salinity tolerance of the manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum in Gang-jin Bay on the from May to June was investigated in two different types of sedimentary composition. In the experimental groups of sandy-mud, the survival and infiltration rate were good at 20~40ppt, but all the manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum died at more than 50ppt and less than 10ppt before the experiment finish. In the experimental groups of muddy, the survival and infiltration rate were the best at 25~35ppt and then 20ppt, 40ppt. All the manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum died at more than 45ppt and less than 15ppt. The survival rate in the experimental groups of sandy-mud was higher than muddy ones, and the infiltration rate was the highest at 20~35ppt in the both of two experimental groups. In the sand-mud, the manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum infiltrated half of their shells but in the muddy, they infiltrated more then half of their shells.