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Fee-based Field Trips to Jirisan National Park; Eco-guide Led Programs
Cho, Kye-joong Korean Society of Forest Science 2007 한국산림과학회지 Vol.96 No.5
Arguments against charging fees for use of recreational forests and parks generally rest on the assumption that the public sector has the responsibility to provide as many recreational opportunities as it can to all visitors in Korea. The entrance fee in recreational forests allowed some governmental resource management agencies to keep a portion of user fees generated on-site, instead of returning all revenue to the general treasury. Funded primarily through entrance, activity, parking, and mountain villa-use fees, this legislation has been successful in reducing the maintenance backlog for participating agencies. However, it is unclear what effect user fees might have on visitors attending interpretive programs and the benefits that agencies might receive from implementing this policy. From this point of view, this study is a similar case at the Visitor Center and Species Restoration Center at Jirisan in terms of fee-based field trips to the places. In this research, two hundred twenty-three visitors at the Visitor Center and Species Restoration Center at Jirisan National Park answered questions about their trips from 2005 to 2006. Results indicted that the ecoguide not only increased visitor's appreciation of the resource, but also enhanced their perceptions of the Korean National Park Service (KNPS) fee policies.
Cho, Kye joong,An, Jong-Man,Kim, Jun Sun 한국산림경제학회 2002 산림경제연구 Vol.10 No.2
자원봉사를 통해서 사람들은 직장생활을 하면서 여러 해 동안 배우고 쌓아왔던 능력을 정년 후에 대민 봉사에 참여할 수 있는 기회가 있다. 지난 몇 년 동안, 많은 공공 기관과 비정부 단체들이 자원봉사 프로그램을 통해서 활동범위를 넓혔다. 그러한 기관과 지역사회에 돌아가는 혜택은 상당하다. 이 논문은 미국의 오하이오주의 하이뱅크 주도권(州道圈)의 산림공원에서 자원해설 봉사자들에 의해 행해진 야외 현장학습 프로그램에 대한 태도와 수행에 대해 인터뷰와 관찰을 통해서 자원봉사자들의 역할을 이해하고 공원 직원들 그리고 탐방객들과 자원봉사자들간의 관계를 정성적인 연구 방법으로 분석하고자 한 것이다. 정성적인 연구방법은 공원에서 해설 프로그램의 행사와 상황의 의미 설명에 필요한 데이터 수집과 이용에 있어서 서술유형의 중요성을 강조하는 것이다. 이 방법은 사회적인 맥락 즉, 탐방객들의 즐거운 탐방 경험과 자원보호에 대한 유대관계에 중점을 두고 있다. 영구적인 자원보호에 대한 의무와 탐방객들의 즐거운 이용에 대한 긴장관계를 순조롭게 다루면서 국가적으로 적용할 수 있는 규정은 간단치가 않다. 사례연구를 통해서 휴양림을 포함한 공원이나 산림지역에서 활동하는 자원 해설가들을 활용할 수 있는 사례의 예를 설명했다. 우리나라의 국립공원과 산림에서 위의 사례연구를 통한 세 가지 특별한 유형을 적용시켜보고자 한다. Volunteering gives people the opportunity to perform a public service after retirement, to use skills that they had learned through years on the job. For the last several years, many public organizations and Nongovernmental Organizations (NGOs) have expanded their services through volunteer programs. The benefits to both the organizations and the community are many. The purpose of this qualitative research was to understand the role of the park interpretive volunteers through interview and observation during field experience and analyze the relations among park employees, visitors, and volunteers at Highbank Metro Forest Park, Ohio, USA. This qualitative research stress the importance of narrative types of data collection and use for explaining the meaning of interpretive program events and the situations at the park. This methodology also inferring relationships within a social context, for example, the visitor enjoyment and protection natural resources at the park. There is no simple and nationally applicable rule for managing the tension between visitor use and enjoyment and the mandate of perpetual protection. Throughout the case study, comments are made for the suggested use of interpretive volunteers in parks and forest areas, including the recreation forest. Besides general applications, the conclusion includes three specific applications for the Korean National Parks and the Forests.
( Kye Joong Cho ),( Jong Man Ann ) 한국산림과학회 2004 한국산림과학회지 Vol.93 No.2
N/A This study was designed to measure effectiveness of environmental interpretive programming at the Jirisan National Park in Korea. The focus of this field experiment was to evaluate a newly created student-intern interpreter program designed by Jirisan National Park. During the summer of 2003, 422 visitors completed questionnaires at the Nogodan area. The questionnaires measured their knowledge, attitudes, and/or feelings about how the interpretive programs were delivered. Results indicated that interpreters at the Nogodan area were successful in accomplishing the stated objectives of knowledge and attitude change by interpretive program participants. Were the college student-intern interpreters equally as effective as the park interpreters for the interpretive program`s performance? The answer largely depends on what outcomes are desired, along with other factors, such as budgetary concerns.
Cho, Kye-Man,Lee, Sun-Mi,Math, Renukaradhya K.,Islam, Shah Md. Asraful,Kambiranda, Devaiah M.,Kim, Jong-Min,Yun, Myoung-Geun,Cho, Ji-Joong,Kim, Jong-Ok,Lee, Young-Han,Kim, Hoon,Yun, Han-Dae The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnol 2008 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.18 No.12
Bacterial diversity and the composition of individual communities during the composting process of swine and mushroom cultural wastes in a field-scale composter (Hazaka system) were examined using a PCR-based approach. The composting process was divided into six stages based on recorded temperature changes. Phylogenetic analysis of eighty 16S rRNA sequences from uncultured composting bacterial groups revealed the presence of representatives from three divisions, including plant pathogenic bacteria, high-molecule-degrading bacteria and spore-forming bacteria. The plant pathogen A. tumefaciens gradually decreased in abundance during the composting process and eventually disappeared during the thermophilic and cooling stage. A bacterium homologous to Bacillus humi first appeared at the early thermophilic stage and was established at the intermediate thermophilic, post-thermophilic, and cooling stages. It was not possible to isolate the B. humi during any of the stages using general culture techniques.
Cho, Kye-Joong,Ann, Jong-Man 한국임학회 2005 한국산림과학회지 Vol.94 No.2
This research is based on a visitor survey at Jogyesan Provincial Park in Jeonnam, and its implications for interpretive planning. The research population was the set of weekend and holiday visitors, 20 years of age and older, to Jogyesan Provincial Park in Jeonnam, during the summer of 2003. A questionnaire was offered to every tenth person entering the park on every other weekend day and both holidays (June 1 and September 30). It was obvious that the interpretive program at Jogyesan Provincial Park, to meet the expectations of its visitors, should provide: (1) visitors with opportunities to experience the out-of-doors and learn about the cultural, historical and natural surroundings; (2) opportunities for the visitors to relax and escape from the normal and work environment; and (3) opportunities for the visitors to experience an atmosphere which enables them to achieve and self-actualize. In the area of interpretive programs, expectations are usually priorities, except for mountain climbing and exercise. Enhancing achievement and self-actualization is rarely a consideration and needs more emphasis in the future interpretive programs and plans.
Cho, Jung Sun,Youn, Ho-Joong,Her, Sung-Ho,Park, Maen Won,Kim, Chan Joon,Park, Gyung-Min,Jeong, Myung Ho,Cho, Jae Yeong,Ahn, Youngkeun,Kim, Kye Hun,Park, Jong Chun,Seung, Ki Bae,Cho, Myeong Chan,Kim, C The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 2015 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.30 No.7
<P>The prognostic value of the left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has been questioned even though it is an accurate marker of left ventricle (LV) systolic dysfunction. This study aimed to examine the prognostic impact of LVEF in patients with AMI with or without high-grade mitral regurgitation (MR). A total of 15,097 patients with AMI who received echocardiography were registered in the Korean Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry (KAMIR) between January 2005 and July 2011. Patients with low-grade MR (grades 0-2) and high-grade MR (grades 3-4) were divided into the following two sub-groups according to LVEF: LVEF ≤ 40% (n = 2,422 and 197, respectively) and LVEF > 40% (n = 12,252 and 226, respectively). The primary endpoints were major adverse cardiac events (MACE), cardiac death, and all-cause death during the first year after registration. Independent predictors of mortality in the multivariate analysis in AMI patients with low-grade MR were age ≥ 75 yr, Killip class ≥ III, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide > 4,000 pg/mL, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein ≥ 2.59 mg/L, LVEF ≤ 40%, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, PCI was an independent predictor in AMI patients with high-grade MR. No differences in primary endpoints between AMI patients with high-grade MR (grades 3-4) and EF ≤ 40% or EF > 40% were noted. MR is a predictor of a poor outcome regardless of ejection fraction. LVEF is an inadequate method to evaluate contractile function of the ischemic heart in the face of significant MR.</P>