Reproductive Performance of Breeds and Hybrid of Silkworm, Bombyx mori L. with Special Reference to Egg Laying Rhythmicity

Saha, Atul Kumar,Kumar, N. Suresh,Chakrbarty, Satadal,Patnaik, Bharat Bhusan,Nayak, Sandeepta Kumar,Roy, Subrata,Bindroo, Bharat Bhushan Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2013 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.26 No.1

The reproductive performance of multivoltine breed 'Nistari' and bivoltine breeds as NB18, P5 and a bivoltine hybrid (NB18 ${\times}$ P5) of B. mori were studied in different seasons in terms of total number of eggs laid, unlaid and hatching efficiency of the laid eggs to critically assess the breeds / hybrid potentiality. The bivoltine hybrid showed better performance in all the seasons as compared to the breeds investigated, as expected due to possibility of hybrid vigour. Among the breeds, bivoltine P5 had a better egg laid performance in S1 (February - March), S2 (May - June) and S3 (September - October) seasons but with an increase in the number of unlaid eggs. The hatching percentage, although didn't show any definitive trend, still suggested a marginal better performance in the hybrid. Most importantly, egg laying rhythmicity was studied by mating the female moth at 6.00 a.m. for $3{\frac{1}{2}}$ hours, and subsequently allowing the laying of eggs both under BOD condition ($25{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ and $85{\pm}5%$ RH) and at ambient temperature ($23-28^{\circ}C$ and $74.7{\pm}5%$) separately. Maximum (90%) egg laid occurred from 3.30 to 7.30 pm (i.e. 4 - 6 h after decoupling). Similar laying patterns were observed when females where mated at 12 noon and decoupled at 3.30 pm, revealing that late photoperiod and early scotoperiod were favourable for egg laying in case of multivoltine breed and bivoltine prefers late photoperiod for egg laying.

Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Exstrophy of the Bladder

Pramod Kumar Sharma,Praveen Kumar Pandey,Mukesh Kumar Vijay,Malay Kumar Bera,Jitendra Pratap Singh,Kaushik Saha 대한비뇨의학회 2013 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.54 No.8

Exstrophy of the bladder is a rare congenital anomaly with an incidence of about 1 per 50,000 newborns. The malignant potential of the exstrophied bladder mucosa is well known; 95% are adenocarcinomas, and 3% to 5% are squamous cell carcinomas. Most of the malignant tumors (60%) associated with an exstrophy of the bladder occur during the fourth and fifth decades of life. Of the remaining, about 20% each occur after 60 years and before 40 years. Here we present a case in which squamous cell carcinoma developed in an unrepaired exstrophy of the bladder. We present the management of the case and a brief review of the literature.

Prognostic role of EGR1 in breast cancer: a systematic review

( Subbroto Kumar Saha ),( S. M. Riazul Islam ),( Tripti Saha ),( Afsana Nishat ),( Polash Kumar Biswas ),( Minchan Gil ),( Lewis Nkenyereye ),( Shaker El-sappagh ),( Saiful Islam ),( Ssang-goo Cho ) 생화학분자생물학회 2021 BMB Reports Vol.54 No.10

EGR1 (early growth response 1) is dysregulated in many cancers and exhibits both tumor suppressor and promoter activities, making it an appealing target for cancer therapy. Here, we used a systematic multi-omics analysis to review the expression of EGR1 and its role in regulating clinical outcomes in breast cancer (BC). EGR1 expression, its promoter methylation, and protein expression pattern were assessed using various publicly available tools. COSMIC-based somatic mutations and cBioPortal-based copy number alterations were analyzed, and the prognostic roles of EGR1 in BC were determined using Prognoscan and Kaplan-Meier Plotter. We also used bc-GenEx-Miner to investigate the EGR1 co-expression profile. EGR1 was more often downregulated in BC tissues than in normal breast tissue, and its knockdown was positively correlated with poor survival. Low EGR1 expression levels were also associated with increased risk of ER+, PR+, and HER2- BCs. High positive correlations were observed among EGR1, DUSP1, FOS, FOSB, CYR61, and JUN mRNA expression in BC tissue. This systematic review suggested that EGR1 expression may serve as a prognostic marker for BC patients and that clinicopathological parameters influence its prognostic utility. In addition to EGR1, DUSP1, FOS, FOSB, CYR61, and JUN can jointly be considered prognostic indicators for BC. [BMB Reports 2021; 54(10): 497-504]

Cytokeratin 19 <i>(KRT19)</i> has a Role in the Reprogramming of Cancer Stem Cell-Like Cells to Less Aggressive and More Drug-Sensitive Cells

Saha, Subbroto Kumar,Kim, Kyeongseok,Yang, Gwang-Mo,Choi, Hye Yeon,Cho, Ssang-Goo MDPI AG 2018 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.19 No.5

<P>Cytokeratin 19 (<I>KRT19</I>) is a cytoplasmic intermediate filament protein, which is responsible for structural rigidity and multipurpose scaffolds. In several cancers, <I>KRT19</I> is overexpressed and may play a crucial role in tumorigenic transformation. In our previous study, we revealed the role of <I>KRT19</I> as signaling component which mediated Wnt/NOTCH crosstalk through NUMB transcription in breast cancer. Here, we investigated the function of <I>KRT19</I> in cancer reprogramming and drug resistance in breast cancer cells. We found that expression of <I>KRT19</I> was attenuated in several patients-derived breast cancer tissues and patients with a low expression of <I>KRT19</I> were significantly correlated with poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. Consistently, highly aggressive and drug-resistant breast cancer patient-derived cancer stem cell-like cells (konkuk university-cancer stem cell-like cell (KU-CSLCs)) displayed higher expression of cancer stem cell (CSC) markers, including <I>ALDH1</I>, <I>CXCR4</I>, and <I>CD133</I>, but a much lower expression of <I>KRT19</I> than that is seen in highly aggressive triple negative breast cancer MDA-MB231 cells. Moreover, we revealed that the knockdown of <I>KRT19</I> in MDA-MB231 cells led to an enhancement of cancer properties, such as cell proliferation, sphere formation, migration, and drug resistance, while the overexpression of <I>KRT19</I> in KU-CSLCs resulted in the significant attenuation of cancer properties. <I>KRT19</I> regulated cancer stem cell reprogramming by modulating the expression of cancer stem cell markers (<I>ALDH1</I>, <I>CXCR4</I>, and <I>CD133</I>), as well as the phosphorylation of Src and GSK3β (Tyr216). Therefore, our data may imply that the modulation of <I>KRT19</I> expression could be involved in cancer stem cell reprogramming and drug sensitivity, which might have clinical implications for cancer or cancer stem cell treatment. </P>

Epidemiological Investigation and Antibiotic Sensitivity of Salmonellosis in Goats at the Selected Areas of Bangladesh

Saha, Gobindha Kumar,Paul, Ashit Kumar,Abdussamad, Abdussamad,Islam, M. Ariful,Khan, M. Shahidur Rahman The Korean Society of Embryo Transfer 2013 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.28 No.4

Salmonellosis is one of the life-threating diseases of goat in Bangladesh. Therefore, the present study was designed to study the prevalence of Salmonellosis, and isolation and characterizations of the Salmonella spp. from apparently healthy and diarrheic goat. A total of 47 faces samples were collected from selected place and cultured onto different prescribed medium to isolate it. In this study, 12.76% (6/47) samples were found to be positive for Salmonella spp. During culture on SS agar medium, all of the Salmonella isolates produced round, smooth, opaque, translucent and black color colonies on SS agar media. All of the isolated Salmonella spp. fermented dextrose, maltose and mannitol with production of acid and gas but did not ferment sucrose and lactose. However, these isolates had showed Indole and Voges-Proskauer test negative, Methyl-Red test positive. All of these isolates were subjected to rapid plate agglutination test with polyvalent "O" (Poly 'O') and polyvalent "H" (poly 'H') antisera where positive agglutination were observed. They were highly sensitive to ciprofloxacin, spiramycin and gentamycin; moderately sensitive to oxytetracyline, streptomycin and amoxicillin; less sensitive to sulphamethoxazole and resistant to penicillin-G. Based on the present findings, it may be concluded that the investigated Salmonella spp. from goats might be S. typhimurium, S. enteritidis, S. brandenburg, S. salford, S. newbrunswick, S. newport or S. dublin. Further study will be needed, therefore it requires further characterization using other serological and molecular techniques.

Development and Performance Evaluation of a Two-Wheeled Power-Tiller Multi-row Weeder

Saha Kowshik Kumar,Hossain Akbar,Hoque Muhammad Arshadul,Jahan Md. Abu Hena Sarwar,Ahmed Sharif,Timsina Jagadish 한국농업기계학회 2021 바이오시스템공학 Vol.46 No.1

Purpose This study was conducted to design, construct, and test a two-wheeled power tiller multi-row weeder (MRW) for effective weed control in wheat production field and other narrow-row crops. This concept was conceived from the high cost and labour-intensive methods required for hand weeding (HW) and the restrictions in chemical weed control borne by the resource-poor smallholder farmers of South Asia. Methods An MRW was designed, fabricated, and field tested with other weeding techniques (HW using khurpi, HWusing a hand spade, weeding using a Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) dry land weeder, and no weeding) at the Farm Machinery and Postharvest Process Engineering Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute BARI centre in Gazipur during 2013–2014 and 2014–2015 wheat growing seasons. Results The results have shown that the MRW had a higher percentage of plant damage (4.3–4.6%) but also higher actual field capacity (0.12–0.14 ha/h), resulting in lower weeding cost than other weed control techniques. Hand weeding using a khurpi treatment had significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher weed control efficiency but had higher weeding cost and was labour-intensive (81–93%) than all other treatments, suggesting that it may not be a feasible option for smallholder farmers. Wheat grain yield was similar (p ≤ 0.05) for all weed control methods but significantly higher than the control treatment. In spite of the higher percentage of plant damage in MRW, there was no adverse effect on achieving the desired plant population as evidenced from the grain yield data. Conclusions Results suggest good performance and significant potential of MRWbut also a need for further improvement for its wider adoption by smallholder farmers in Bangladesh and South Asia.

Long-Term Variations of Airborne Cadmium (Cd) Concentrations in Major Urban Areas of Korea between 1991 and 2010

Saha, Subbroto Kumar,Kim, Ki-Hyun Taiwan Association for Aerosol Research 2013 Aerosol and air quality research Vol.13 No.3

Studies on Determination of Larval Critical Weight in Silkworm, Bombyx mori L. - An Index of Quality

Saha, Atul Kumar,Chaudhuri, Anath Bandhu,Moorthy, S Monthira,Roy, Subrata Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2009 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.19 No.2

The Larval critical weight is the minimal mass at which further growth in not necessary for a normal time course to pupation. Larval critical weight (Lcw), pupal critical weight (Pcw) and adult critical weight (Acw) of different breeds of Bombyx mori L. were determined through starvation (food deprivation). The Lcw was found to be about 938.46, 2397.26, 2283.57 and 2220.97 mg in males and 1118.15, 2681.04, 2604.9 and 2455.88 mg in females of the multivoltine breed (Nistari), Bivoltine breeds (P5 & NB18) and their hybrid (P5$\times$NB18) respectively. Bivoltine breed P5 took more time (3.35 days) followed by NB18 (3.13 days) & P5$\times$NB18 (3.02 days) to attain larval critical weight (In $5^{th}$ Instar) than the multivoltine breed Nistari (2.42 days). Decrease in weight from larval maximal weight to pupal weight and to adult weight was also observed more in multivoltine than bivoltines, which may be due to more latent feeding period in bivoltines. Since Lcw is a stable character and independent of environment, it could be utilized for characterization of silkworm breeds to assess the quality of an insect.

Antijuvenoid Action of Terpenoid Imidazole Compound on Larval - Pupal - Adult Development of Silkworm, Bombyx mori L.

Saha, Atul Kumar,Datta (Biswas), Tapati,Das, Salil Kumar,Kar, Niharendu Bikash Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2007 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.14 No.2

Precocious metamorphosis was induced in two popular bivoltine breeds i.e. YB and $NB_4D_2$ by an imidazole compound having anti-juvenile hormone activity. The chemical was administered by feeding treatment with mulberry leaf to freshly moulted (0-6 hrs) IV instar larvae. The dose of the chemical was found to be breed specific being 650 ppm for YB and 500 ppm for $NB_4D_2$. The chemical caused complete skipping up of the fifth instar larvae which is most susceptible to diseases. But IV instar was somewhat prolonged. As a result the total larval period was reduced by 4-5 days. However, some of the rearing and reeling parameters like cocoon yield, cocoon weight, shell weight, shell %, filament length and fecundity were reduced for that particular generation only. The effective rate of rearing (ERR %) was significantly increased in trimoulters during the most unfavourable August - September seed crop season. Number of cocoons / kg and number of male moth were significantly higher in trimoulters. These may be useful for preparation of $multi{\times}bi$ hybrid seed. Fine denier was also found in trimoulter cocoon which is the cause of getting fine silk filament from trimoulter cocoons. Normal mating behaviour and emergence pattern was recorded in trimoulters. Bivoltine trimoulter males also showed competence for mating with multivoltine females. These results suggest the possibility of getting trimoulter males during hot and humid seasons when rearing of bivoltine is almost impossible particularly in Eastern and North Eastern India.

InAs quantum dot-in-a-well heterostructures with InGaAs, GaAsN and GaAsSb well using digital alloy capping layer

Kumar Ravindra,Saha Jhuma,Tongbram Binita,Panda Debiprasad,Gourishetty Raveesh,Kumar Ravinder,Gazi Sanowar Alam,Chakrabarti Subhananda 한국물리학회 2023 Current Applied Physics Vol.47 No.-

In this work, the authors introduced a novel approach called digital alloy capping layer (DACL) and investigated its effect on the optical and structural properties of InAs quantum dot-in-a-well (DWELL) heterostructures. In DACL, a conventional thick well layer is digitized equally with different compositions analogous to short-period-superlattice (SPS). The DACL approach’s effect has been studied experimentally and theoretically on DWELL heterostructures with InxGa1-xAs as the well material. The photoluminescence (PL) study reveals that DACL observes a red-shift of ~55 nm as compared to AACL approached heterostructures. High-resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD) results reveal higher In-content, controlled In-out diffusion from InAs QD, and improved in-plane strain in DACL samples compared to the analog sample. The study has been extended to QD heterostructures with GaAs1-xNx and GaAs1-ySby as well materials, and comprehensive analysis has been carried out. Hence, the DWELL heterostructures with the DACL approach can be utilized to fabricate infrared photodetector devices.