http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Uniqueness of Chinese patenting patterns: the case of graphene
Klincewicz Krzysztof 기술경영경제학회 2020 ASIAN JOURNAL OF TECHNOLOGY INNOVATION Vol.28 No.3
The article compares patenting patterns in China with the United States, South Korea, Japan and Europe, using the case of graphene, 2011–2015. It aims to reveal unique features of patenting in China and identify patent descriptors, diverging from international tendencies and relevant for economic modelling. Hypotheses rely on variables such as: counts of inventors, applicants, technology classes, countries selected for international patenting and geographical origins of patent citations. The research uses quantitative techniques (descriptive statistics, ANOVA, Jaccard index and social network metrics). Using multiple analytical perspectives, the study demonstrates the specificity of Chinese patents and their limited comparability with documents from other patent offices. This has important implications for the development of economic models, which need to take into account the identified incommensurability in cross-country patent data and avoid direct comparisons of data from China and other patent systems owing to the unique features and functions of patents in China.
Analysis of the Open Source Software Sector in China
Wu Qiong,Klincewicz Krzysztof,Miyazaki Kmiko The Korean Society for Technology Manageme and Eco 2006 Journal of Technology Innovation Vol.14 No.2
The paper describes the status and context of the Chinese Open Source Software (OSS) industry and ecosystem based on the analysis of the components of the China OSS Promotion Union. The analysis involves comparisons of several main Chinese developers of Linux operating system and makers of open source counterpart of the popular Microsoft Office package as well as several main Chinese OSS communities. Comparisons concern the technological and business aspect. The findings reveal peculiarities of the divergence of innovative activities of Chinese companies, as well as indicate that the strong government support may at the same time limit the technology selection under rigid competition, especially as foreign open source companies are found to be more focused on hobbyist developers and are able to maintain larger independent communities. Implications of the paper include the need to coordinate global development efforts and adjust science & technology policies in order to stimulate both the development and the diffusion of open source among Chinese companies and individual hobbyists.
Analysis of the Open Source Software Sector in China
( Qiong Wu ),( Krzysztof Klincewicz ),( Kumiko Miyazaki ) 기술경영경제학회 2006 Journal of Technology Innovation Vol.14 No.2
The paper describes the status and context of the Chinese Open Source Software (OSS) industry and ecosystem based on the analysis of the components of the China OSS Promotion Union. The analysis involves comparisons of several main Chinese developers of Linux operating system and makers of open source counterpart of the popular Microsoft Office package as well as several main Chinese OSS communities. Comparisons concern the technological and business aspect. The findings reveal peculiarities of the divergence of innovative activities of Chinese companies, as well as indicate that the strong government support may at the same time limit the technology selection under rigid competition, especially as foreign open source companies are found to be more focused on hobbyist developers and are able to maintain larger independent communities. Implications of the paper include the need to coordinate global development efforts and adjust science & technology policies in order to stimulate both the development and the diffusion of open source among Chinese companies and individual hobbyists.