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조준원,김웅겸,김헌영,김병의 강원대학교 산업기술연구소 2005 産業技術硏究 Vol.25 No.B
Micro wires manufactured by the straightening process are used in the BT(Bio-Technology), IT(Information-technology), NT(Nano-Technology). We have developed a novel wire straightener which uses the direct heating method(DHM) for straightening the micro wire and shearing device for burr-less cutting. In this study, we confirm the tendency of micro wire after the shearing process. It is impossible to remove the burr in the shearing process. However, the embodiment of minimum burr size after the shearing process is the best in-process method. In order to minimize the burr size, we have accomplished the various experiment condition such as the U-groove, the effect of counter punch, the shear angle, clearance.
산불진화정보 관리를 위한 Mobile GIS 공간 데이터 압축기법 개발
조명희,이명보,이시영,김준범,권봉겸,허영진 한국지리정보학회 2004 한국지리정보학회지 Vol.7 No.2
최근 무선 인터넷 및 통신기술의 눈부신 발달과 LBS(location based service)개념을 기반으로 한 mobile GIS 기술 개발은 대규모 산불 발생시 정확한 현장 파악과 신속한 상황보고 뿐만 아니라 사고 예방과 분석·평가에 이르기까지 의사결정지원시스템으로 자리를 잡고 있다. 본 연구에서는 지상진화대의 정확한 위치와 이동상황을 실시간으로 파악하여 안전한 진화작업 유도 및 산불진화 환경정보를 제공을 목적으로 mobile GIS 기술 기반의 산불진화정보 관리시스템을 설계하고 네트워크 부하감소를 위하여 '.gci'라는 공간 데이터 압축기법을 개발하여 면, 선, 주기 데이터에 대하여 51~62%의 높은 압축률을 구현하였다. 따라서 대규모 산불 발생시 일어날 수 있는 안전사고를 미연에 방지하고 사고 발생시 신속한 후속조치로 안전하고 과학적인 산불진화 업무를 수행할 수 있도록 하였다. Recently GPS and mobile GIS technologies based on LBS (location based service) have played an important role as DSS (decision supporting system) for domestic forest fire extinguishment policies. In this study forest fire extinguishments information management system based on mobile GIS technique was designed to seize the exact location on wireless network so that it helps to guide the safe and efficient extinguishments affairs and provide the extinguishments environment toward ground fighting teams and the central forest government in real time. Moreover, possibly to operate this system, the foundation technologies by the name of `. gci such as the spatial data compression method, the spatial data transmission method over wireless network and the spatial analysis interface on PDA should be mainly considered. Especially, in this study the spatial data compression method having high compression rate from 51% to 62% for each polygon, line, and point data, without the loss of data was developed.
Kim, Jeong Lan,Park, Joon Hyuk,Kim, Bong Jo,Kim, Moon Doo,Kim, Shin-Kyum,Chi, Yeon Kyung,Kim, Tae Hui,Moon, Seok Woo,Park, Moon Ho,Bae, Jae Nam,Woo, Jong Inn,Ryu, Seung-Ho,Yoon, Jong Chul,Lee, Nam-Jin Cambridge University Press 2012 INTERNATIONAL PSYCHOGERIATRICS - Vol.24 No.4
<B>ABSTRACT</B><P>Background: The influences of demographics, culture, language, and environmental changes on Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores are considerable.</P><P>Methods: Using a sample of 7452 healthy, community-dwelling elderly Koreans, aged 55 to 94 years, who participated in the four ongoing geriatric cohorts in Korea, we investigated demographic influences on MMSE scores and derived normative data for this population. Geropsychiatrists strictly excluded subjects with cognitive disorders according to the protocol of the Korean version of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Packet (CERAD-K) Clinical Assessment Battery (CERAD-K-C).</P><P>Results: Education (standardized <I>β</I> = 0.463), age (standardized <I>β</I> = −0.303), and gender (standardized <I>β</I> = −0.057) had significant effects on MMSE scores (p < 0.001). The score of MMSE increase 0.379 point per 1-year education, decrease 0.188 per 1-year older, and decrease 0.491 in women compared to men. Education explained 30.4% of the scores’ total variance, which was much larger than the variances explained by age (8.4%) or gender (0.3%). Accordingly, we present normative data for the MMSE stratified by education (0, 1-3, 4-6, 7-9, 10-12, and ≥ 13 years), age (60-69, 70-79, and 80-89 years), and gender.</P><P>Conclusions: We provide contemporary education-, age-, and gender-stratified norms for the MMSE, derived from a large, community-dwelling elderly Korean population sample, which could be useful in evaluating individual MMSE scores.</P>
YAP-Induced PD-L1 Expression Drives Immune Evasion in BRAFi-Resistant Melanoma
Kim, Min Hwan,Kim, Chang Gon,Kim, Sang-Kyum,Shin, Sang Joon,Choe, Eun Ah,Park, Su-Hyung,Shin, Eui-Cheol,Kim, Joon American Association for Cancer Research 2018 CANCER IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH Vol.6 No.3
<P>Transcription factor YAP increases PD-L1 expression in BRAF inhibitor-resistant melanoma cells, promoting their direct evasion of T-cell killing. Inhibition of this YAP-orchestrated interplay between inhibitor resistance and immune evasion could improve the treatment of BRAF-mutant melanoma patients.</P><P>Activation of YAP, a Hippo pathway effector, is an important resistance mechanism to BRAF inhibitor (BRAFi) in melanoma. Emerging evidence also suggests that YAP is involved in suppression of the antitumor immune response. However, the potential direct impact of YAP activity on cytotoxic T-cell immune responses has not been explored yet. Here, we show that BRAFi-resistant melanoma cells evade CD8<SUP>+</SUP> T-cell immune responses in a PD-L1–dependent manner by activating YAP, which synchronously supports melanoma cell survival upon BRAF inhibition. PD-L1 expression is elevated in BRAFi-resistant melanoma cells, in which YAP is robustly activated, and YAP knockdown decreases PD-L1 expression. In addition, constitutively active YAP (YAP-5SA) increases PD-L1 expression by binding to an upstream enhancer of the PD-L1 gene and potentiating its transcription. Both BRAFi-resistant and YAP-5SA–expressing melanoma cells suppress the cytotoxic function and cytokine production of Melan-A–specific CD8<SUP>+</SUP> T cells, whereas anti–PD-1 antibody reverses the YAP-mediated T-cell suppression. Moreover, nuclear enrichment of YAP in clinical melanoma samples correlates with increased PD-L1 expression. Our findings show that YAP directly mediates evasion of cytotoxic T-cell immune responses in BRAFi-resistant melanoma cells by upregulating PD-L1, and targeting of YAP-mediated immune evasion may improve prognosis of melanoma patients. <I>Cancer Immunol Res; 6(3); 255–66. ©2018 AACR</I>.</P>
MRI Findings of Rectal Submucosal Tumors
Kim, Honsoul,Kim, Joo Hee,Lim, Joon Seok,Choi, Jin Young,Chung, Yong Eun,Park, Mi-Suk,Kim, Myeong-Jin,Kim, Ki Whang,Kim, Sang Kyum The Korean Society of Radiology 2011 KOREAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY Vol.12 No.4
<P>Rectal submucosal lesions encompass a wide variety of benign and malignant tumors involving the rectum. With optical colonoscopy, any mass-like protrusion covered by normal mucosa, whether the underlying process is intramural or extramural in origin, may be reported as a submucosal lesion. Whereas the assessment of submucosal lesions may be limited with performing optical colonoscopy, cross-sectional imaging such as CT, transrectal ultrasonography and MRI allows the evaluation of perirectal tissues and pelvic organs in addition to the entire thickness of the rectum, and so this is advantageous for the assessment of rectal submucosal tumors. Among these, MRI is the best investigative modality for soft tissue characterization. Therefore, knowledge of the MRI features of rectal submucosal tumors can help achieve accurate preoperative diagnoses and facilitate the appropriate management.</P>
Purification and Characterization of a 55kDa Sialoglycoprotein from Rat Liver Lysosomal Membranes
Joon Kyum Kim,Masaru Himeno,Keitaro Kato Mie Young Kim 생화학분자생물학회 1994 BMB Reports Vol.27 No.1
A sialoglycoprotein was purified to apparent homogeneity from rat liver lysosomal membranes with a 0.1% recovery by WGA-Sepharose 6B, Con A-Sepharose, and Hydroxylapatite chromatography, Superdex TM200 FPLC gel filtration, TSK-5PW FPLC DEAF-chromatogrphy, and preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The purified sialoglycoprotein has a molecular mass of 55 kDa (LGP55), as determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence and absence of SDS. Susceptibility to neurnminidase and endoglycosidase H, and the immunoreactivity of the protein in tritosome membranes was examined in order to study the topology of the lysosomal membrane. The results suggest that LGP55 is an intact lysosomal membrane protein with oligosaccharide chains. The ten residues of the N-terminal of purified LGP55 are ; Ala-Leu-Gln-Val-Thr-Lys-Tyr-Glu-Asp-Gly.
Kim, Choong-Yong,Yang, Byung-Chul,Kim, Joon-Kyum,Kim, Jong-Choon,Kim, Yong-Beom,Kang, Boo-Hyon,Han, Sang-Seop Korean Society of ToxicologyKorea Environmental Mu 2004 Toxicological Research Vol.20 No.4
The toxicity of CKD-602 was investigated at doses of 3, 9, and 27 mg/kg in rats, when the same total dose of CKD-602 was administered over 24 hr-continuous infusion or bolus injection. At 3 and 9 mg/kg, the 24-hr infusion group showed a more decreased WBC count on day 3, compared with the bolus group. Administration of CKD-602 caused more toxic effects such as the significant decreases of RBC counts, hematocrit, hemoglobin, and platelet count on day 7 post-administarion in the 24-hr infusion group than in the bolus group. Administration of CKD-602 also caused histopathological changes such as extramedullary hemopoiesis of liver and spleen, hyperplasia of femoral bone marrow, and caecal dilation. These toxic effects were more severe in the 24-hr infusion group than in the bolus injection group, indicating that the toxicity of CKD-602 may be dependant upon the duration of administration.
Kim, Jong-Choon,Shin, Dong-Ho,Kim, Sung-Ho,Bae, Chun-Sik,Kim, Joon-Kyum,Cha, Shin-Woo,Han, Jung-Hee,Lee, Hyun-Sook,Chung, Moon-Koo Korean Society of ToxicologyKorea Environmental Mu 2004 Toxicological Research Vol.20 No.1
The present study was carried out to investigate the potential adverse effects of CKD-602 by a 5-day repeated intravenous dose in Sprague-Dawley rats. The test article, CKD-602, was administered intravenously to male and female rats at dose levels of 0.07, 0.22, 0.67, 2.0 and 6.0 mg/kg/day for 5 days consecutively. Mortalities, clinical findings, and body weight changes were monitored for the 14-day period after cessation of the administration. At the end of 14-day observation period, all animals were sacrificed and complete gross postmortem examinations were performed. There were 2 and 5 treatment related deaths in the 0.67 and 2.0 mg/kg/day dose groups of both genders, respectively. Treatment related clinical signs, including hair loss, skin paleness, decreased locomotor activity, emaciation, and changes in stool were observed in a dose-dependent manner from the third day after initiation of the injection. Decrease or suppression of body weight was also observed dose-dependently in males and females of the treated groups. Gross postmortem examinations revealed a dose-dependent increase in the incidence and severity of atrophy or hypertrophy and white membrane formation in the spleen, atrophy of the thymus, diffuse white spots and paleness of the liver, paleness of the lung, kidney and adrenal gland, and dark red discoloration and dark red contents in the alimentary tract. Based on these results, it was concluded that the 5-repeated intravenous injection of CKD-602 to male and female rats resulted in increased incidence of abnormal clinical signs and death, decreased or suppressed body weight, and increased incidence of abnormal gross findings. In the present experimental conditions, the $LD_{50}$ value was 2.07 (95% confidence limit not specified) mg/kg/day in both genders and the $LD_{10}$ value was 1.72 (95% confidence limit not specified) mg/kg/day in both genders.