Use of yellow sticky traps for insect migration and dispersal studies

Kijong Cho 한국응용곤충학회 2015 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2015 No.04

Yellow sticky traps are a key component of IPM programs for several greenhouse and vegetable pests. Yellow sticky traps have been used intensively for early detection, identification of hotspots as well as for estimating relative abundance and dispersals of adult insects occurring either in greenhouses or fields. In addition, the traps have the potential of suppressing adult populations alone or in combination with other control strategies such as biological and chemical controls. In spite of the fact that the traps have been widely used with several advantages for growers such as low cost and low training demands, the understanding of insect flight and dispersal behaviors based on sticky traps have been limited. Since the trap catches are highly associated with flight behaviors of insects, the catch data should be carefully interpreted and analyzed in conjunction with the flight behaviors of target insects to develop ecologically sound IPM programs. Thus, a control decision-making based on mean trap catches without knowledge in the flight behaviors may produce biased or wrong conclusion. In this study, flight and migration behaviors of insect pests such as thrips, whiteflies and leafminers are studied based on sticky trap catch data obtained from greenhouses and fields. Also I summarize the knowledge gaps that need to be addressed to develop yellow sticky traps into a more effective decision-making tool for pest management.

Spatial Distribution of Thrips in Greenhouse Cucumber and Development of a Fixed-Precision Sampling Plan for Estimating Population Density

Kijong Cho,Sang-Hoon Kang,Jeang-Oon Lee Korean Society of Applied Entomology 1998 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.1 No.2

Dispersion patterns of phytophagous thrips(Thysnaoptera: Thripidae) were determined for greenhouse cucumber, Cucumis sativus L., in Cheje-do, Korea, during 1995 and 1996. Thrips populations were sampled using leaf sample, yellow sticky trap and visual estimate concurrently on each sampling date. Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) was the most dominant thrips species, accounting 92% of all specimens collected from leaf samples and yellow sticky traps. Dispersion indices generated by Taylor's power law and Iwao's patchiness regression were compared. Generally, Taylor's power law provided better description of mean-variance relationship than did Iwao's patchiness regression with exception of the data from the sticky trap. Slopes and intercepts of Taylor's power law from leaf sample and visual estimate did not differ among thrips species and surveyed greenhouses. A fixed-precision-level of sequential sampling plan was developed using Taylor's power law parameters generated from total number of thrips in leaf sample and visual estimate. This sampling plan for visual estimate was tested with sequential resampling simulation using 4 independent data sets. Resampling simulation analysis demonstrated that actual D values were always less than desired D values of 0.20, 0.25 and 0.30.

Effect of Test Leaf and Temperature on Mortality of Frankliniella occidentalis in Leaf Dip Bioassay of Insecticides

Kijong Cho,Uhm, Ki Baik,Lee, Jeang Oon Korean Society of Applied Entomology 1999 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.2 No.1

Effects of the kind of test leaf and temperature on leaf dip bioassay to the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), were examined with nine different insecticides. For the test of different leaves, cucumber, pepper and potato leaves were evaluated. The test leaves significantly influenced thrips mortalities on leaf dip bioassay. Generally the mortalities on pepper leaf were higher than on cucumber leaf or filter paper. Temperature effects the mortalities on pepper leaf were higher than on cucumber leaf or filter paper. Temperature effects were determined at 15, 20, 25 and 3$0^{\circ}C$. Regardless of the test leaf, the mortality was increased with increasing temperature except for the case of imidacloprid. Local variations in mortality of F. occidentalis populations were not observed in this study.

Development of a Dynamic Model for Estimating the Food Web Transfer of Pollutants in Terrestrial Tritrophic Systems

Kijong Cho,Yongeun Kim,Hyoung-ho Mo 한국응용곤충학회 2013 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2013 No.04

Recently, an integrated approach in insect ecology that including development of biological models and estimation of various effects using a logical model has become important. Through the biological components of ecosystem having complex temporal and spatial patterns, and complicated interactions of biotic and abiotic factors, dynamic models can be useful tools to investigate the whole ecosystems. Pollutants in terrestrial ecosystem can be transferred to insect body through insect’s sucking plant tissue, and effect on their biological properties. Trend of pollutants transfer from soil to plant root can be estimated using free ion activity model (FIAM), and distribution and accumulation in plant parts can be described by dynamic model with water potential, water translocation, and transfer rate. Biological response of plant and insect can be illustrated the dynamics model based on experiment data. The combination of these models show an overall behavior of toxicant and the interaction between plant and insect with time. The objectives of the research are to comprehensively analyze the transfer and effects of pollutant in soil, plant and insect system and to develop the assessment technique for soil ecosystem using dynamic modelling concerning the causal relationship and feedback processes. We are aimed specifically at prediction and assessment of various polluting scenarios of soil ecosystem through data collection from laboratory and field investigation, modelling and evaluation using module software programing.

아치형 재배 시설장미에서 점박이응애의 이항표본조사법 개발

Kijong Cho,Jung Joon Park,Heungsun Park,Yong Heon Kim 한국응용곤충학회 1998 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.37 No.2

충남부여에 위치한 임업화훼단지내의 유리온실에서 아치형재배(Arching method)장미에 피해를 주는 점박이응애(Tetranychus urticae Koch)의밀도를 엽당 응애수로 조사하였다. 이항표본 조사법은 엽당 점박이응애의 평균밀도(m)와 점박이응애가 T 개체보다 많이 존재하는 엽의 비율()과의 관계를 기본으로 하며, T는 경험적 이항분포모형(ln(m)=+1n(-1n(1-)))에서의 tally threshold 로서, 본 실험에서는 1, 3, 5, 7, 9를 사용하였다. 일반적으로 표본단위 수의증가는 T와 상관없이 이항분포 모형의 정확도에 영향을 거의 주지 않게 된다. 본 실험에서는 상이한 T에 따라 이항분포모형의 정확도가 차이가 났으며 T가 증가할수록 정확도가 높아졌다. 본 실험결과 점박이응애의 밀도추정을 위한 이항분포모형의 정확도를 비교한 결과, T=7인 경우가 최적의 tally threshold인 것으로 나타났다. 또한 이항분포조사법의 검정을 위하여, 동일한 포장의 독립적인 표본을 추출, 조사하였다. 본 실험결과 이항표본조사법을 이용한 상업적 유리온실의 아치형재배 장미해충인 점박이응애 평균밀도 추정에는 T=7인 경우가 가장 적절한 것으로 사료된다. Infestations of two spotted spider mite (TSSM), Tetranychus urticae Koch, on glasshouse rose (Rosa sp.) grown by an arching method, were determined by counts of the number of TSSM per leaflet in Buyeo, Chungnam Province, for a 2-yr period. Binomial sampling plans were developed based on the relationship between mean density per leaflet (m), and proportion of leaflets infested with ( T mites (PT), according to the empirical model In (m) = a+p In (-ln (1 -PT)). T was defined as tally threshold, and set to 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 mites per leaflet. Increasing sample size had little effects on the precision of the binomial sampling plan, regardless of tally threshold. However, the precision increased with higher tally thresholds. There was a negligible improvement in precision with T ) 7 mites per leaflet. T= 7 was chosen as the best tally threshold for estimating densities of TSSM based on the precision of the model. Independent data set was used to evaluate the model. The binomial model with T= 7 provided reliable predictions of mean densities of TSSM observed on the commercial glasshouse roses.

Extrapolation of Effects Measures Across Levels of Ecological Organizations in Ecological Risk Assessment

Kijong Cho 한국응용곤충학회 2012 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2012 No.10

Effects of environmental stressors such as pollutants and anthropogenic perturbance on the health of aquatic/terrestrial ecosystems usually involve a series of biological responses ranging from the biomarkers to the individual, population and community levels. Extrapolation is the use of existing information for the prediction of events in another situation that is biologically different from that where the existing information was gathered. To establish relationships and to determine the feasibility of extrapolating between higher and lower levels of biological organization, temporal or spatial patterns in organism responses to contaminant Invertebrates are widely regarded as powerful monitoring tools in environmental management because of their great abundance, diversity and functional importance, their sensitivity to perturbation, and the ease with which they can be sampled loading have been studied with various living organisms and ecosystems. By identifying and establishing relationships between levels of biological organization of invertebrates we should be better able to understand the mechanisms of stress responses in ecological systems that could ultimately result in improved predictive capability of ecological risk assessment and also allow for more informed decisions regarding remedial actions.

Development of Efficient Transformation Protocol for Soybean (Glycine max L.) and Characterization of Transgene Expression after Agrobacterium-mediated Gene Transfer

Kijong Lee,Bu-Young Yi,Kyung-Hwan Kim,Jung-Bong Kim,Seok-Cheol Suh,Hee-Jong Woo,Kong-Sik Shin,Soon-Jong Kweon 한국응용생명화학회 2011 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.54 No.1

Increasing vitamin E activity in economically important oil crops such as soybean will enhance the nutritional value of these crops. An improved soybean transformation system involving pre-culture of soybean seed on medium supplemented with 1 mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine under dark conditions was established. To improve the nutritional value of soybean by increasing the α-tocopherol content, soybeans were transformed with γ-tocopherol methyltransferase (γ-TMT) gene by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Frequency of soybean transformation was significantly increased from 0.5 to 4.3% by this modified system, and 13 lines of transgenic soybean plants containing γ-TMT were obtained. The molecular characterization using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), reverse transcriptase PCR, and Southern blot analysis confirmed insertion and inheritance of the transgene in the transgenic plants and their progeny. Morphologically normal and fertile transgenic plants were analyzed, and the majority of transgenic soybean transmitted herbicide resistance at 3:1 or 15:1 ratios to their progeny. Alpha-tocopherol content in transgenic soybean seeds was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography; over-expression of γ-TMT resulted in a 41-fold increase in α-tocopherol over wild-type soybean seeds.

평행축 기어트레인을 갖는 변속기의 마찰 및 쳐닝 동력 손실 예측

박기종(Kijong Park),강마루(Maru Kang),이승호(Sueng Ho Lee),손우철(Woochurl Son),권여현(Yeo Hyeon Kwon),아멧칼만(Ahmet Kahraman) 한국자동차공학회 2018 한국 자동차공학회논문집 Vol.26 No.1

Differences in Perception and Needs for Continuing Education according to the Career of Physiotherapists

( Kim Kijong ),( Kim Jinyoung ) 대한통합의학회 2019 대한통합의학회지 Vol.7 No.4

Purpose : The purpose of this paper is to review the continuing education (CE) for physiotherapists and especially to draw attention to the perception and need of the education so that the present study aimed to provide information for improving the education program. Methods : The study obtained information from CE of the Korea Physical Therapy Association held in Gwangju on April 12 and July 19, 2015 to understand the perception and needs of CE. Present study showed that 431 out of 563 people who answered to the survey, with a 76.5 % response rate. Among them, 350 people were selected for the final analysis, except for questionnaires whose responses were insufficient. Among them, the level of perception of CE was 238, excluding 112 people who did not receive an education in 2014. Results : The perception of CE according to experience showed a weak positive correlation in questions 1 (r=.244), 5 (r=.244) and 10 (r=1.129) (p< .05). There was no significant correlation in questions 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, and 11 (p >.05). The needs of CE according to experience showed weak negative correlations in musculoskeletal system (r=-.141), nervous system (r=-.136), geriatric (r=-.117), oriental physical therapy (r=-.130), and other new technologies (r=-.232) (p< .05). Basic education, pediatric, cardiopulmonary system, sports, physical agents, and women's fields were not significantly correlated (p >.05). Conclusion : There was little or no significant correlation between perception and needs for the CE based on physical therapists' experiences. Current research suggests that for a CE for physical therapists, the perception of education should first be renovated, and then the quality of education should also be improved based on the need of them.

내페이드/힐스타트 시험조건에서 CAE를 통한 수동변속기 클러치 시스템의 온도 예측에 관한 연구

박기종(Kijong Park),김동원(Dongwon Kim),임채홍(Chaehong Lim) 한국자동차공학회 2014 한국자동차공학회 부문종합 학술대회 Vol.2014 No.5