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Kenji Suetsugu,Toshiharu Mita 한국응용곤충학회 2018 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.21 No.4
Agromyzid flies, also known as leafminer flies, are one of the most serious insect pests that infest various plants. An agromyzid fly Japanagromyza tokunagai lays eggs in the ovaries of various Japanese orchids during or shortly after anthesis. Consequently, seed predation by J. tokunagai has the potential to severely limit the reproduction of many endangered orchids in Japan. While agromyzid populations tend to be suppressed by rich communities of natural parasitoids, such parasitoids have yet to be reported. Here we report Pediobius metallicus as the first record of a parasitoid of J. tokunagai. It is highly unusual to find parasitoids infesting J. tokunagai, possibly because the fly is protected by the thick wall and three-dimensional structure of orchid capsule. Pediobius metallicus may play an important role in suppressing J. tokunagai population at least in our study site.
Seed dispersal by ants in the fully mycoheterotrophic plant Sciaphila secundiflora (Triuridaceae)
Kenji Suetsugu,Takuto Shitara,Akira Yamawo 한국응용곤충학회 2017 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.20 No.3
The tiny seeds, or dust seeds, of heterotrophic plants are usually dispersed by wind. However, most mycoheterotrophic plants grow in the understory of densely vegetated forests, where the wind is less reliable and wind dispersal is likely less efficient. In the present study, we found that seeds of the fully mycoheterotrophic plant Sciaphila secundiflora (Triuridaceae) possess elaiosomes, and that at least one species of ant, Nylanderia flavipes, functions as a dispersal agent of the plant's seeds. This is the first demonstration of myrmecochory in mycoheterotrophic plants, as well as the first report of zoochory in Triuridaceae.
Kenji Suetsugu,Naoyuki Nakahama 한국응용곤충학회 2019 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.22 No.3
To protect endangered and commercially important orchid species, it is important to monitor and accurately identify orchid pests. Japanagromyza tokunagai (Sasakawa) larvae are known to infest the flower buds, stems, and ovaries of various Japanese orchid species. Given that J. tokunagai can infest diverse orchid hosts, J. tokunagai has the potential to be an economically important orchid pest in greenhouses. However, damage by J. tokunagai has previously only been reported in outdoor habitats. Here we revealed that the dipteran larvae infesting the flower buds of Phalaenopsis aphrodite Rchb.f. (Orchidaceae) cultivated in a greenhouse are J. tokunagai based on DNA barcoding, using COI sequences. Infested flower buds remained closed and eventually dropped to the ground, making the P. aphrodite plants commercially worthless. Phalaenopsis aphrodite is one of the most economically important ornamental orchids. Therefore, J. tokunagai is a potential threat to orchid production and we recommend taking precautions to prevent its spread.