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Theory of Literature Re-Visited with the Concept of Chaos
Karan Singh Chauhan 한국외국어대학교 인도연구소 2010 남아시아연구 Vol.15 No.3
Present paper deals with the problem of literary theory in general and with reference to Indian literature in particular. During the period of modernism, based on new scientific explorations, many new disciplines came into being and they influenced aesthetics. In this way, psychology, sociology, Marxism, structuralism etc. became integral part of literary theory. Later on, it was found that they tend to follow a pre?determined and prejudiced value?judgment approach in literary analysis. This gave birth to post?modern theory that flourished throughout the world. Slowly it started to degenerate into fragmented judgments. At this point, chaos theory came into being and started playing its role in literary aesthetics. Paper provides a brief critical introduction of the origin, history, development of various concepts, meaning and implementation of chaos concepts to various disciplines, especially to literary theory. As chaos is the latest in post?modern era, it demarcates itself from the modern traditions of linearity and determinism. Paper also throws light on the ancient parallels of chaos in Greek mythology and social history. Although chaos developed as a branch of mathematics but soon it provided reliable tools to explore other fields of knowledge. It is being used in literary criticism and efforts are to develop it as a full?fledged literary theory with the support of postmodernist tools.
जाित गवस्था भारतीय वामपंथ और दिलत िवचारधारा के अंतिवरोध
Karan Singh Chauhan 한국외국어대학교 인도연구소 2010 남아시아연구 Vol.16 No.2
Caste question is important in India keeping in mind the history and presence of its influence on Indian society and relations of the people. Theoretically speaking, the only two forces which should have been the natural allies in the struggle against the caste system are ? Dalits themselves and the Indian left. But the tragedy of the situation is they never saw eye-to-eye with each other and the relationship between them have been like two adversaries in a battle. Although Indian left recognizes the importance of caste question and the urgent need for its elimination but due to the rigid theoretical positions and their dogmatic understanding they could never come closure to the Dalit politics. There have been a long history of mud-slinging between them begining from the Independance movement till date. The paper focus on the analysis of the points of differences between the two forces. The class based approach of the leftists gave little importance to caste and even saw it as an impediment for growth of class conciousness of masses. Then there is a question of upper caste bias leadership of the leftist parties. The Dalit leadership focussed mainly on the question of Dalits and opposed leftists bitterely. It is during the last few years that Dalit politics realized the devastating effects of Globalization on the pro-dalit policies of local government and started opposing it. Same way, leftists, accepting that by alienating from the Dalit movement it has alienated large sections of the dalit masses which is a solid base for any working class party. That is why in their special party plenum on the question of dalits, there is a shift in their approach.
Karan Khurana,Marco Ricchetti 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2015 Global Fashion Management Conference Vol.2015 No.06
Fashion industry pressure on natural resources has grown dramatically as consumption grew in emerging countries and the principle of rapid change of fashions extended to mass market in western counties, at the same time supply chains expanded globally to countries with lower labor and environmental standards creating critical sustainability challenges. Meanwhile, sustainability has become a hot topic for consumers that hold brands responsible for sustainability performances along the whole supply chain. The paper traces developments in the fashion business commitment to sustainability over two decades, with a focus on the implication for SCM. Academic literature focuses mainly on partial issues, missing the overall picture, the interaction among a complex set of factors, and to account for the role of past decisions and mistakes on current SSCM (sustainable supply chain management) strategy developments. The time span considered captures sustainability awareness in the fashion business which is in its statu nascenti (nascent state) and the trial and error process that led to progressive refinements of both means and ends. The paper provides an extensive review of academic articles, business reports, technical documents, regulations and direct information from the field and identifies five key lessons learnt in this process that influence current fashion business strategies in sustainability and SCM.
Karan Vivek,Vyas Devashish,Bohra Vikram,Huded Vikram 대한신경중재치료의학회 2019 Neurointervention Vol.14 No.2
Purpose: A safe and efficacious antiplatelet drug is needed for patients with clopidogrel resistance who undergo neuroendovascular procedures. Ticagrelor is a new reversibly binding, oral, direct-acting P2Y receptor antagonist with no known resistance. We describe our clinical experience using ticagrelor for neuroendovascular procedures in Indian patients with clopidogrel resistance at the NH Institute of Neurosciences, Narayana Health City, Bangalore. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed our endovascular procedure database for all patients with predefined clopidogrel resistance. Clopidogrel resistance was defined as P2Y12 inhibition <40%. Patients were administered ticagrelor along with aspirin prior to the procedure. Results: Of 127 patients, 32 (25%) were non-responders to clopidogrel (22 [69%] males, 10 [31%] females; median age, 54 years [range, 20–75]). All patients were treated with a 180-mg loading dose of ticagrelor, followed by 90 mg twice daily. Twenty patients (63%) underwent endovascular intervention for intracranial aneurysm, two (6%) for dissecting aneurysms, nine (28%) for stenotic lesions, and one (3%) for carotico-cavernous fistula. No patient experienced any adverse effects related to the use of Ticagrelor in the postoperative period. Conclusion: Ticagrelor is an effective alternative to clopidogrel for use in conjunction with aspirin in patients with clopidogrel resistance. None of our patients had adverse effects from ticagrelor. Drug cost, twice-daily dosing, and risk of faster platelet aggregation activation after discontinuation should be taken into consideration prior to its use in such patients.