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Impact of Stirring Speed on β-Lactoglobulin Fibril Formation
Shy Kai Ng,Kar Lin Nyam,Imededdine Arbi Nehdi,Oi Ming Lai,Gun Hean Chong,Chin Ping Tan 한국식품과학회 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.suppl1
β-Lactoglobulin (β-lg) can produce fibrils that have multi-functional properties. Impacts of different stirring speeds on characteristics of β-lg fibrils as a stable form in β-lg fibril solutions were investigated. Fibril concentration, fibril morphology, turbidity, particle size distribution, zeta potential, and rheological behavior of solutions were studied. Stirring enhanced fibril formation and stability of a fibril solution, in comparison with unstirred solutions. Increasing the stirring speed produced more turbidity and a greater distribution of particle sizes, higher viscosity values, but no differences in zeta potential values of β-lg fibril solutions. However, a high stirring speed is not feasible due to reduction of the fibril yield and changes in fibril morphology.
Sook-Chin Chew,Chin Ping Tan,Kar Lin Nyam 한국식품과학회 2017 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.26 No.1
This study assessed the changes of antioxidant activity and bioactive compounds of crude and refined kenaf seed oil during accelerated storage at 65oC for 24 days. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging assays were used to determine their antioxidant activity. The changes of phenolic, tocopherol, and phytosterol contents during the storage were also studied. The phenolic content and antioxidant activity of refined oil were significantly lower than those of crude oil after the accelerated storage. There was a decrease of 72.5% tocopherol content and 31.1% phytosterol content in the crude oil and a decrease of 67% tocopherol content and 12.1% phytosterol content in the refined oil during the accelerated storage. There was no significant difference in tocopherol and phytosterol contents for crude and refined oils after the storage. The rate of degradation of tocopherol and phytosterol contents in refined oil was slower than that in crude oil during the storage.
Sook-Chin Chew,Chin Ping Tan,Oi Ming Lai,Kar Lin Nyam 한국식품과학회 2018 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.27 No.3
An optimized refining process for kenaf seed oil was conducted. The 3-monochloro-1,2-propanediol (3- MCPD) contents, triacylglycerol composition, fatty acids composition, bioactive compounds, phosphorus contents, and oxidation indexes of the kenaf seed oil during each stage of the refining process were determined. The results showed that there was no detected 3-MCPD ester in kenaf seed oil throughout the refining process. Deodorization had slightly increased the 2-MCPD ester (9.0 lg/kg) and glycidyl ester (54.8 lg/kg). Oleic (36.53%) and linoleic acids (36.52%) were presented in the largest amount in the refined kenaf seed oil, and triacylglycerols contributed to 99.96% in the oil. There was a removal of 31.6% of phytosterol content and 17.1% of tocopherol and tocotrienol contents in kenaf seed oil after refining. The refining process was totally removed the hydroperoxides, 93% of free fatty acids and 98.8% of phosphorus content in kenaf seed oil.
Ai Mun Cheong,Zu Wen Tan,Nwabueze Okechukwu Patrick,Kar Lin Nyam,Chin Ping Tan,Yang Mooi Lim 한국식품과학회 2018 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.27 No.4
Kenaf seed oil-in-water nanoemulsions (KSON) and kenaf seed oil-in-water macroemulsions were produced to access their gastroprotective effect against indomethacin- and ethanol-induced ulcers in comparison with nonemulsified kenaf seed oil (KSO). Emulsifier mixture (EM) that used to emulsify KSO was also included in the study. Ulcer index, stomach tissue oxidative status, and histopathological changes in indomethacin-induced and ethanol-induced ulcer models were both evaluated. KSON had demonstrated good gastroprotective effect against both ulcer models than non-emulsified KSO and KSOM. In addition, the gastroprotective effect of KSON was comparable to the standard drug, Omeprazole. EM also exhibited gastroprotective effect, especially in indomethacin- induced ulcers. This may be attributed to its high antioxidant activity and cytoprotective effect of sodium caseinate contained in the EM. Results supported that KSON enhanced the bioavailability of native KSO; therefore it offers gastroprotective effect for the prevention of gastric ulceration as a natural alternative to the synthetic drug.
Chew, Sook-Chin,Tan, Chin-Ping,Lai, Oi-Ming,Nyam, Kar-Lin 한국식품과학회 2018 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.27 No.3
An optimized refining process for kenaf seed oil was conducted. The 3-monochloro-1,2-propanediol (3-MCPD) contents, triacylglycerol composition, fatty acids composition, bioactive compounds, phosphorus contents, and oxidation indexes of the kenaf seed oil during each stage of the refining process were determined. The results showed that there was no detected 3-MCPD ester in kenaf seed oil throughout the refining process. Deodorization had slightly increased the 2-MCPD ester ($9.0{\mu}g/kg$) and glycidyl ester ($54.8{\mu}g/kg$). Oleic (36.53%) and linoleic acids (36.52%) were presented in the largest amount in the refined kenaf seed oil, and triacylglycerols contributed to 99.96% in the oil. There was a removal of 31.6% of phytosterol content and 17.1% of tocopherol and tocotrienol contents in kenaf seed oil after refining. The refining process was totally removed the hydroperoxides, 93% of free fatty acids and 98.8% of phosphorus content in kenaf seed oil.