http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Jurewicz, Katherina (검색결과 2 건)
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Jurewicz, Edward J Indiana University 2005 해외박사(DDOD)
This study focuses on the integration of instructional strategies that facilitate cross-site and within-site interaction in video-based distance education. It utilizes a multi-method case study approach and follows one professor in Library and Information Science as he makes the transition from on-campus to distance instruction. Two separate formats of interactive video instruction were investigated (one-way video and two-way audio, two-way video and audio). In the first phase of the investigation, the initial transition from on-campus classroom instruction to technology-based distance education was documented. Next, observation procedures to identify and classify in-class instructional activity linked to the instructional design and development process were developed. These observation protocols were then implemented in a semester-long investigation in which the professor reviewed summary reports of observed in-class activity following each class session and discussed the results obtained in relation to established goals and objectives. Results indicate that in this specific case study, instructional planning was largely an informal mental process refined over years of practice. Methods went largely with content and only when anomalies or irregularities were experienced in the process of instruction did a consideration of design and development issues come to a surface level. This triage-driven instructional development process was amplified as the professor made the transition from a relatively stable on-campus classroom environment to a technologically rich and rapidly evolving distance instructional setting. The study concludes that in moving from a stable instructional environment to one lacking an established body of standards of practice those designing instruction should look beyond the operational aspects of the technologies utilized and consider the changing dynamics of interaction which such an environment poses. Specifically, instructors and instructional developers should be circumspect in a wholesale application of skills and strategies developed in traditional classroom environments to distance settings and should consider the influence of the technologies utilized on interpersonal and instructional discourse. The use of technology adds variables to the teaching/learning transaction and instructional strategies developed in traditional on-campus instructional settings may not transfer readily to the distance environment or may overlook capabilities and potentials which such settings offer.
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Jurewicz, Katherina ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Clemson University 2020 해외박사(DDOD)
Interactions with a keyboard and mouse fall short of human capabilities and what is lacking in the technological revolution is a surge of new and natural ways of interacting with computers. In-air gestures are a promising input modality as they are expressive, easy to use, quick to use, and natural for users. It is known that gestural systems should be developed within a particular context as gesture choice is dependent on the context; however, there is little research investigating other individual factors which may influence gesture choice such as expertise and exposure. Anesthesia providers’ hands have been linked to bacterial transmission; therefore, this research investigates the context of gestural technology for anesthetic task. The objective of this research is to understand how expertise and exposure influence gestural behavior and to develop Bayesian statistical models that can accurately predict how users would choose intuitive gestures in anesthesia based on expertise and exposure. Expertise and exposure may influence gesture responses for individuals; however, there is limited to no work investigating how these factors influence intuitive gesture choice and how to use this information to predict intuitive gestures to be used in system design. If researchers can capture users’ gesture variability within a particular context based on expertise and exposure, then statistical models can be developed to predict how users may gesturally respond to a computer system and use those predictions to design a gestural system which anticipates a user’s response and thus affords intuitiveness to multiple user groups. This allows designers to more completely understand the end user and implement intuitive gesture systems that are based on expected natural responses. Ultimately, this dissertation seeks to investigate the human factors challenges associated with gestural system development within a specific context and to offer statistical approaches to understanding and predicting human behavior in a gestural system. Two experimental studies and two Bayesian analyses were completed in this dissertation. The first experimental study investigated the effect of expertise within the context of anesthesiology. The main finding of this study was that domain expertise is influential when developing 3D gestural systems as novices and experts differ in terms of intuitive gesture-function mappings as well as reaction times to generate an intuitive mapping. The second study investigated the effect of exposure for controlling a computer-based presentation and found that there is a learning effect of gestural control in that participants were significantly faster at generating intuitive mappings as they gained exposure with the system. The two Bayesian analyses were in the form of Bayesian multinomial logistic regression models where intuitive gesture choice was predicted based on the contextual task and either expertise or exposure. The Bayesian analyses generated posterior predictive probabilities for all combinations of task, expertise level, and exposure level and showed that gesture choice can be predicted to some degree. This work provides further insights into how 3D gestural input systems should be designed and how Bayesian statistics can be used to model human behavior.
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