Network-Coding-Assisted Data Dissemination via Cooperative Vehicle-to-Vehicle/-Infrastructure Communications

Liu, Kai,Ng, Joseph Kee-Yin,Wang, Junhua,Lee, Victor C. S.,Wu, Weiwei,Son, Sang Hyuk IEEE 2016 IEEE transactions on intelligent transportation sy Vol.17 No.6

<P>Vehicle-to-vehicle/vehicle-to-infrastructure (referred to as V2X) communications have potential to revolutionize current road transportation systems with respect to vehicle safety, transportation efficiency, and travel experience. This paper puts the first effort on applying network coding in cooperative V2X communication environments to improve bandwidth efficiency and enhance data service performance. Specifically, we investigate new arising challenges on network-coding-assisted data dissemination by considering both communication constraints and application requirements in vehicular networks. We present the system model and give an insight into the characteristics of cooperative data dissemination with network coding. On this basis, we formulate the problem and propose a network-coding-assisted scheduling algorithm to enable the hybrid of vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications and exploit their joint effects on providing efficient data services. We design a cache strategy that allows vehicles to retrieve their unrequested data items. This strategy not only increases the opportunity of data sharing among vehicles but also gives higher probability of packet decoding, which in turn enhances the data service performance. We give an intensive analysis on the scheduling overhead, which shows the scalability of the algorithm. Finally, we build the simulation model and conduct a comprehensive performance evaluation to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed solution.</P>

Influence of spent ginger yeast cultures on the production performance, egg quality, serum composition, and intestinal microbiota of laying hens

Liu Junhan,Jin Yuhong,Yang Junhua 아세아·태평양축산학회 2022 Animal Bioscience Vol.35 No.8

Objective: Spent ginger is a byproduct of juice extraction from the rhizome of ginger (Zingiber officinale). Despite its nutritional value, it is difficult to preserve or further process and thus is often wasted. This study uses spent ginger as a substrate for fermentation and cultivates spent ginger yeast cultures (SGYCs) that are then added to the feed of laying hens. The effects of SGYCs on production performance, egg quality, serum composition, and intestinal microbiota of laying hens were investigated. Methods: Eighty 60-week-old Hy-Line Brown hens were separated into 5 experimental groups with 4 replicates per group (4 hens per cage, 4 cages per replicate). The control group was fed a basal diet while experimental groups were also given SGYCs at the levels of 5, 10, 20, and 40 g/kg for 6 weeks. Results: The addition of SGYCs significantly increased the laying rate and nutrient digestibility, decreased feed conversion ratio, and enhanced the color of egg yolks (p<0.05). No changes were observed in activity levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in the serum (p>0.05), but the activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and peroxidase all significantly increased, and contents of malondialdehyde were significantly reduced (p<0.05). In addition, changes in the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes might be the main factor contributing to the significant increase in the apparent digestibility of crude protein and crude fat in laying hens (p<0.05). Conclusion: The current evidence shows that dietary supplementation of SGYCs to the feed of laying hens can improve laying rates, enhance antioxidative defenses, and influence dominant intestinal bacteria. Objective: Spent ginger is a byproduct of juice extraction from the rhizome of ginger (<i>Zingiber officinale</i>). Despite its nutritional value, it is difficult to preserve or further process and thus is often wasted. This study uses spent ginger as a substrate for fermentation and cultivates spent ginger yeast cultures (SGYCs) that are then added to the feed of laying hens. The effects of SGYCs on production performance, egg quality, serum composition, and intestinal microbiota of laying hens were investigated.Methods: Eighty 60-week-old Hy-Line Brown hens were separated into 5 experimental groups with 4 replicates per group (4 hens per cage, 4 cages per replicate). The control group was fed a basal diet while experimental groups were also given SGYCs at the levels of 5, 10, 20, and 40 g/kg for 6 weeks.Results: The addition of SGYCs significantly increased the laying rate and nutrient digestibility, decreased feed conversion ratio, and enhanced the color of egg yolks (p<0.05). No changes were observed in activity levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in the serum (p>0.05), but the activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and peroxidase all significantly increased, and contents of malondialdehyde were significantly reduced (p<0.05). In addition, changes in the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes might be the main factor contributing to the significant increase in the apparent digestibility of crude protein and crude fat in laying hens (p<0.05).Conclusion: The current evidence shows that dietary supplementation of SGYCs to the feed of laying hens can improve laying rates, enhance antioxidative defenses, and influence dominant intestinal bacteria.

Novel Mn–Ce–Ti Mixed-Oxide Catalyst for the Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO_<i>x</i> with NH₃

Liu, Zhiming,Zhu, Junzhi,Li, Junhua,Ma, Lingling,Woo, Seong Ihl American Chemical Society 2014 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.6 No.16

<P>Mn-Ce-Ti mixed-oxide catalyst prepared by the hydrothermal method was investigated for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx with NH3 in the presence of oxygen. It was found that the environmentally benign Mn-Ce-Ti catalyst exhibited excellent NH3-SCR activity and strong resistance against H2O and SO2 with a broad operation temperature window, which is very competitive for the practical application in controlling the NOx emission from diesel engines. On the basis of the catalyst characterization, the dual redox cycles (Mn4+ + Ce3+<-> Mn3+ + Ce4+, Mn4+ + Ti3+ <-> Mn3+ + Ti4+) and the amorphous structure play key roles for the high catalytic deNO(x) performance. Diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy studies showed that the synergetic effect between Mn and Ce contributes to the formation of reactive intermediate species, thus promoting the NH3-SCR to proceed.</P>

Facial Feature Extraction Based on Weighted ALW and Pulse-Coupled Neural Network

Junhua Liang,Zhisheng Zhao,Xiao Zhang,Xuan Wang,Yang Liu 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.9 No.8

In order to improve the robustness of face identification with the changes of illumina-tion, expression and facial alteration, a new facial feature extraction algorithm based on weighted adaptive lifting wavelet(ALW) scheme and pulse-coupled neural network (PCNN) is involved in this paper. The face images are decomposed into several subbands by weighted adaptive lifting scheme. Then the PCNN is utilized to decompose each weighted subbands into a series of binary images, the entropies of which are calculated and regarded as facial features. Experimental results show that the method yields a good robustness against the illumination, expression and facial variability and reduces the computer burden.

One-pot synthesis and characterization of bifunctional Au-Fe3O4 hybrid core-shell nanoparticles

Liu, HongLing,Wu, JunHua,Min, Ji Hyun,Kim, Young Keun Elsevier 2012 JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS Vol.537 No.-

A Novel Electrochemical Method for Sensitive Detection of Melamine in Infant Formula and Milk using Ascorbic Acid as Recognition Element

Junhua Li,Daizhi Kuang,Yonglan Feng,Fuxing Zhang,Zhifeng Xu,Mengqin Liu 대한화학회 2012 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.33 No.8

A novel and convenient electrochemical method has been developed for sensitive determination of melamine (MEL) using ascorbic acid (AA) as the recognition element. The working electrode employed in this method was modified with the nanocomposite of hydroxyapatite/carbon nanotubes to enhance the current signal of recognition element. The interaction between MEL and AA was investigated by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry, and the experimental results indicated that hydrogen bonding was formed between MEL and AA. Because of the existing hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction, the anodic peak current of AA was decreased obviously while the non-electroactive MEL added in. It illustrated that the MEL acted as an inhibitor to the oxidation of AA and the decreasing signals can be used to detect MEL. Under the optimal conditions, the decrease in anodic peak current of AA was proportional to the MEL concentrations ranging from 10 to 350 nM, with a detection limit of 1.5 nM. Finally this newly-proposed method was successfully employed to detect MEL in infant formula and milk, and good recovery was achieved.

The synthesis and characterization of polymer-coated FeAu multifunctional nanoparticles

Liu, HongLing,Hou, Peng,Zhang, WengXing,Kim, Young Keun,Wu, JunHua IOP Pub 2010 Nanotechnology Vol.21 No.33

<P>We report the one-pot nanoemulsion synthesis of FeAu magnetic-optical multifunctional nanoparticles coated by the biocompatible triblock copolymer, poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(propylene glycol)-block-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEO-PPO-PEO). The FTIR study confirms the PEO-PPO-PEO molecules on the surface of the resulting nanoparticles. The structural characterization identifies the crystallographic parameter 4.072 Å of the cubic phase and the morphology analysis gives the nanoparticle shape, size and size distribution, showing the high crystallinity of the FeAu nanoparticles and an average particle size of ∼ 6.5 nm. In addition there is direct confirmation of the alloying by elemental point probing of an individual nanoparticle. Following the visual demonstration of a rapid, efficient and reversible dispersion–collection process of the nanoparticles in solution, the magnetic measurement manifests a soft ferromagnetic behavior of the nanoparticles with a small coercivity of ∼ 60 Oe at room temperature. The corresponding magnetic hysteresis curves were effectively assessed by modified bi-phase Langevin equations, which were satisfactorily explained in terms of a bimodal particle size distribution. The UV–vis studies display the broadband absorption of the PEO-PPO-PEO-coated nanoparticles with the maximum surface plasmon resonance around 585 nm. The characterization and analysis, therefore, shows the unification of iron and gold into one alloy nanostructure entity covered by the biocompatible triblock copolymer thin film, preserving the optical and magnetic properties of the individual constituents. This gives the prospect of enhanced performance in applications. </P>

Recent advances in the selective catalytic reduction of NO_<i>x</i> by hydrogen in the presence of oxygen

Liu, Zhiming,Li, Junhua,Woo, Seong Ihl The Royal Society of Chemistry 2012 ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE Vol.5 No.10

<P>Selective catalytic reduction of NO<SUB><I>x</I></SUB> by hydrogen (H<SUB>2</SUB>-SCR) in the presence of oxygen has received much attention as a potential technology for reducing NO<SUB><I>x</I></SUB> emissions. A lot of research has been done in order to understand the reaction mechanism of H<SUB>2</SUB>-SCR and some possible mechanisms have been proposed. These mechanisms can be classified into two categories: NO adsorption/dissociation mechanisms and oxidation–reduction mechanisms. Based on the discussion of the reaction mechanism, the influence of the nature of the noble metal, catalyst support, catalyst preparation method, promoters and reaction conditions (including the presence of H<SUB>2</SUB> and O<SUB>2</SUB>, water, sulfur, CO and CO<SUB>2</SUB>) on the catalytic performance of some H<SUB>2</SUB>-SCR catalysts has been discussed. Finally, future research directions in the area of H<SUB>2</SUB>-SCR have been proposed.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>This review delivers the sate of the art in H<SUB>2</SUB>-SCR catalysis to shed light on the design of more practical deNO<SUB><I>x</I></SUB> catalysts. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c2ee22190j'> </P>

Non-aqueous synthesis of water-dispersible Fe₃O₄–Ca₃(PO₄)₂ core–shell nanoparticles

Liu, HongLing,Wu, JunHua,Min, Ji Hyun,Hou, Peng,Song, Ah-Young,Kim, Young Keun IOP Pub 2011 Nanotechnology Vol.22 No.5

<P>The Fe<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB>–Ca<SUB>3</SUB>(PO<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB> core–shell nanoparticles were prepared by one-pot non-aqueous nanoemulsion with the assistance of a biocompatible triblock copolymer, poly(ethylene glycol)-<I>block</I>-poly(propylene glycol)-<I>block</I>-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEO–PPO–PEO), integrating the magnetic properties of Fe<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> and the bioactive functions of Ca<SUB>3</SUB>(PO<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB> into single entities. The Fe<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> nanoparticles were pre-formed first by thermal reduction of Fe(acac)<SUB>3</SUB> and then the Ca<SUB>3</SUB>(PO<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB> layer was coated by simultaneous deposition of Ca<SUP>2 + </SUP> and PO<SUB>4</SUB><SUP>3 − </SUP>. The characterization shows that the combination of the two materials into a core–shell nanostructure retains the magnetic properties and the Ca<SUB>3</SUB>(PO<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB> shell forms an hcp phase (<I>a</I> = 7.490 Å, <I>c</I> = 9.534 Å) on the Fe<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> surface. The magnetic hysteresis curves of the nanoparticles were further elucidated by the Langevin equation, giving an estimation of the effective magnetic dimension of the nanoparticles and reflecting the enhanced susceptibility response as a result of the surface covering. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis provides the characteristic vibrations of Ca<SUB>3</SUB>(PO<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB> and the presence of the polymer surfactant on the nanoparticle surface. Moreover, the nanoparticles could be directly transferred to water and the aqueous dispersion–collection process of the nanoparticles was demonstrated for application readiness of such core–shell nanostructures in an aqueous medium. Thus, the construction of Fe<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> and Ca<SUB>3</SUB>(PO<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB> in the core–shell nanostructure has conspicuously led to enhanced performance and multi-functionalities, offering various possible applications of the nanoparticles.</P>

Efficacy and safety of herbal medicine (Lianhuaqingwen) for treating COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Ming Liu,Ya Gao,Yuan Yuan,Kelu Yang,Shuzhen Shi,Jinhui Tian,Junhua Zhang 한국한의학연구원 2021 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.10 No.1

Background: Lianhuaqingwen (LH) has been proven effective for influenza. However, the promotion of LH for the treatment of patients with COVID-19 remains controversial. Therefore, our study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of Lianhuaqingwen (LH) in treating patients with COVID-19 by a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: We conducted the literature search using six electronic databases from December 1, 2019, to June 2, 2020. Cochrane Risk of Bias tool was used to assess the quality of randomized controlled trials. Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the quality of case control studies. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality checklist was used to assess the quality of case series. All analyses were conducted by RevMan 5.3. For outcomes that could not be meta-analyzed were performed a descriptive analysis. Results: Eight studies with 924 patients were included. Three studies were RCTs, three were case control studies, and two were case series. The quality of the included studies was poor. Compared with patients treated by conventional treatment, patients treated by LH combined with conventional treatment have a higher overall effective rate (RR = 1.16, 95%CIs: 1.04∼1.30, P = 0.01) and CT recovery rate (RR=1.21, 95%CIs: 1.02∼1.43, P = 0.03). Patients of LH groups have a lower incidence of diarrhea (5.6% vs.13.4%), and have statistically significant (P = 0.026). But the rate of abnormal liver function in the combined medication group is higher than that in the single LH group. Conclusion: LH combined with conventional treatment seems to be more effective for patients with mild or ordinary COVID-19.