토오크 양에 따른 세라믹 브라켓의 파절 저항성

한정흠,장민희,임용규,이동렬 대한치과교정학회 2007 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.37 No.4

納稅者 權利에 關한 小考 : OECD 국가를 중심으로

趙丁欽 건국대학교 1998 학술논문집 : 건국대 대학원 Vol.46 No.1

In modern taxstates, as the function and rule of tax is emphasized, the importance of taxpayers' rights and obligations has changed recently, Also tax reforms have addressed that the taxpayers' rights in many countries. This Study attempts to contribute to that the compliance power of the tax authorities and the measures taken to protect the taxpayers' rights in OECD countries. For this, the first will illustrate general taxpayers' rights, second it describes the taxpayer's rights, whether specified in the legislation or in administrative rulings and practices. As can be seen from Table <3-1>, six countries have the same kind of official documents outlying taxpayers' rights. From Table <3-2> to Table <3-9> describe other taxpayers' rights, The last illustrates the Act of taxpayers' rights and taxpayers' rights in Korea and suggest to the policy of taxpayers' rights.

補助金의 FLYPAPER EFFECT에 關한 硏究

趙丁欽 건국대학교 1997 학술논문집 : 건국대 대학원 Vol.45 No.1

The aim of intergovemmental fiscal coordination systeem is a method of adjusting ecomonic difference and inequality of local governments. For this, the state government provides general grants and special grants. It is the purpose of this study to examine the structure, and to analyze the effects of public expenditure stimulation effect of grants-in-aid in local government. In order to analyze the public expenditure stimulation effectf and flypaper effects of grants-in-aid, first study will illustrate theoretical background of grants and the changed budget line according to grants. And the second study describe the effects of expenditure stimulation by using indifference curves and analytic model. In chapter thirty illustrate the flypaper effect. And the fouth will analyze public expenditure stimulation effects and flypaper effects, six cities and eight counties in Chungcheong-namdo province. In this result, special grants are much effective than general grants to adjust spill-over benefit or spill-over cost. Besides unconditional open-end special grants will stimulate the public expenditure more than general grants. Also, special grants are more effective than general grants in expenditure in Chungcheong-namdo province. But the distribution of grants-in-aid theory does not go hand in hand with practice. That is to say,7ants-in-aid is affected by political decision process between state government and local government. Therefore the study on political system is to be done for the more efficient 7ants-in-aid operation

政府支出便益의 農家家計受惠分布

趙丁欽 건국대학교 1997 대학원 학술논문집 Vol.44 No.-

In modern tax states from the view of income redistribution, the fiscal policies are delt with very significantly. Especially the function of income distribution is emphasized from the side of human welfare. This study demonstrates the distribution of govemment expenditure benefits in order to drive the pattern of fiscal incidence for budget structure. The government expenditure is divided into classes, which are special and general expenditure. By this each individual experiences a change in his economic position because he receives benefits from government expenditure. Three methods are used in this study. The first, the general expenditure(example, national defense) is distributed the consumer demand function of doublelog by Kazuo Sato. It shows additive utility function in proportion to the elasticity of substitution public goods and private goods. And the elasticity is able to estimate income elasticity of marginal utility of income. Estimated coefficient provides the basis of distribution of general expenditure. The second, the benefits of special expenditure is distributed by incidence hypothesis of expenditure items. Third, in these two analysis each individual experiences a change in his economic position because he receives benefits from public services. The empirical result in this analysis is that the elasticity of marginal utility of income is described as 1.162 in rural household. Because the elasticity is more than 1, the benefits of general expenditure are progressive and distributed by income class. In the rate of revenue of special expenditure, the lowest class is high, but the highest class is low. But this study has some restricts. First, unfortunately, this study is only for 1991 because of data limitation. Another important limitation is exclusion of the factor products in public services and investment effects of social overhead capital. Finally, this study has one's own way in distribution of special expenditure and classification of income class of rural household. If these problem are improved, the analysis of fiscal policies will be more effective and welfare states come near to us.

ATM 교환망에서 ADSL 기반 가입자 선로의 성능분석

김중규,김용진,강각흠 大邱大學校 科學技術硏究所 1998 科學技術硏究 Vol.5 No.4

In this paper, ADSL function of ATM switching system has been examined and ADSL service test has been performed in real enviroment. The customer service loop range and its performance evaluation of 10^(-7) cell losses specification has also been tested in order to provide general customers with ADSL service using pair line that can be operated via already established voice telephone subscriber line on ATM. In addition, it can be thought that, with careful consideration, there is no trouble to apply ADSL technique nationally. The test results show that very high speed information telecommunication network of over 2Mbps can be worked with fair line condition of 3.7km, representative line noise condition of 3.4km, and 3.35km in the worst case(each cases the diameter of line is 0.4mm). Therefore ADSL technique with ATM can be applied to national subscriber line, and further more this technique will be appropriate service medium that can reduce the enormous investment and the construction term of national very high speed information telecommunication network.

공황장애의 임상적 특성

고은정,최영희,박기환,이정흠 대한생물치료정신의학회 2000 생물치료정신의학 Vol.6 No.2

Objectives : To clarify clinical features of panic disorder and to compare the characteristics of cognitive patterns, avoidance behaviors, and coping strategies among patients who have panic disorder with or without agoraphobia. Methods : Family backgrounds, cognitive patterns in the first panic attack, coping strategies, and avoidance behaviors were compared among the three groups classified by panic patients with mild agoraphobia(mild PDA=66), severe agoraphobia(severe PDA=71), and without agoraphobia(PD=21) Results : 1) Severe PDA reported significantly high panic attack frequency and more dysfunctional level than PD. 2) Catastrophic thinking of 'dying' in PD was significantly frequent than the other groups. Other fears of 'going craze or loss of control' in severe PDA were the highest among the three groups, though it was not significant. Specific thinking process or interpretation in the first panic attack was not significantly different among the three groups. 3) As avoidance behaviors became worse, the frequency of avoidance behaviors and the patters of avoidance behaviors increased. Conclusions : The results suggested that as avoidance behaviors became worse, the frequency of panic, maladaptive functioning and the patterns of avoidance behaviors increase. This might be why we need to decrease avoidance behaviors through exposure as the treatment.

재귀원형군 G(2^(m), 4)의 고장 해밀톤 성질

박정흠 가톨릭대학교 자연과학연구소 1999 자연과학논문집 Vol.20 No.-

이 논문은 정점이나 에지를 제거하였을 때 재귀원형군 G(2^(m), 4)의 해밀톤 성질을 그래프 이론적 관점에서 고찰한다. 재귀원형군은 [14]에서 제안된 다중 컴퓨터의 연결망 구조이다. G(2^(m), 4)는 m―2-fault 해밀톤 그래프이며 또한 m―3-fault 해밀톤 연결된 그래프임을 증명한다. In this paper, we investigate hamiltonian properties of recursive circulant G(2^(m), 4) in the presence of vertex and edge faults from the graph theory point of view. Recursive circulant is an interconnection structure for multi-computer networks proposed in [14]. We show that G(2^(m), 4) is an m―2-fault hamiltonian graph and is an m―3-fault hamiltonian-connected graph.

웨이브렛 신경말을 이용한 비선형 시스템의 직접 적응 제어

연정흠 중앙대학교정보통신연구소 2002 정보통신연구소논문집 Vol.4 No.1

본 논문에서는 웨이브렛 신경망을 사용하여 미지의 비선형 시스템을 안정하도록 적은 제어하는 문제를 취급한다. 비선형 시스템의 정확한 제어는 함수를 근사화하는 데 사용된 함수 근사화기의 정확성과 효율성에 의존한다. 이에 비선형 시스템 제어에 기준 함수의 선택이 자유롭고 함수 근사화 능력이 뛰어난 웨이브렛 신경망을 사용한다. 초기 웨이브렛 신경망 제어기 설정은 웨이브렛 신경망의 변수인 신축과 이동 값을 제어기 일력의 시간-주파수 특성을 분석해서 구하고, 이를 비선형 시스템인 역 진자 시스템에 적용한다. In this paper, an adaptive control system using wavelet neural network is designed to control nonlinear system stably. Exact control of nonlinear system depends on exactness and effectiveness of function approximator which is used in function approximation. Therefore, in control of nonlinear system, wavelet neural network is used. Weight of neural network is updated by Lyapunov stability theory. And this control system is applied to inverted pendulum system.

Paracyclopina nana Smirnov (Copepoda)의 생물학적 고찰 : Ⅰ. 각 유생 발생 단계별 탈피율 및 탈피에 소요되는 시간 Ⅰ. Moulting rate and inter-moult interval(days) of each larval developmental stages

김형신,정민민,박흠기,윤양호,이화자 濟州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 2002 基礎科學硏究 Vol.15 No.2

우리 나라 동해안에 위치한 화진포에서 채집된 요각류, Paracyclopina nana의 생물학적 특성을 알아보기 위하여 각 유생 단계의 탈피율 및 탈피에 소요되는 시간을 알아보았다. 수온 20℃, 염도농도 17ppt의 조건에서 T. suecica를 먹이로서 충분량 급이 했을 때 P. nana의 어미로부터 갓 부화되어 나온 nauplius 유생은 성체가 되기까지 평균 17일이 소요됨을 알 수 있었다. 특히 제 1 nauplius 유생 단계에서 제 2 nauplius 유생으로 탈피하는 데에 평균 3.3일이 소요되어 가장 많은 시간을 요하는 것으로 나타났다. 점차 탈피하는데 소요되는 기간은 짧아져서 제 5 nauplius 유생 단계에서 제 6 nauplius 유생 단계로 탈피하는데에 가장 짧아서 약 1일이 소요되었고, 제 2 copepodid 유생 단계에서 제 3 copepodid 유생 단계로 탈피하는데 약 2.5일이 소요되었다. 한편, 제 1 nauplius 유생 단계에서 제 2 nauplius 유생 단계로의 탈피율은 66.7% 그리고, 제 6 nauplius 유생단계까지의 탈피율은 50%를 나타내었다. The moulting rate and inter-moult interval(days) of each larval developmental stages of Paracyclopina nana were studied. The copepod, P. nana was collected from lagoon Hwajinpo, South Korea. The experimental conditions were temperature 20℃, salinity l7ppt and fed on micro-algae, Tetraselmis suecica. The species was metamorphosed to the adult stage after possession of 6 nauplius stages and 5 copepodid stages. The moulting rate was 66.7% from 1st nauplius stage to 2nd one and was 50.0% to 6th one. P. nana were needed 17 days for developing from hatching to adult.

공황장애환자의 성격 특성 : 대인관계 의존성과 완벽주의 Interpersonal Dependency and Perfectionism

박현진,이정흠,최영희 대한생물치료정신의학회 1999 생물치료정신의학 Vol.5 No.2

Objectives : The authors postulated and tested interpersonal dependency and perfectionism as personality traits for patients with panic disorder.Methods : Subjects consisted of 34 patients with panic disorder that had been evaluated as high end-state functioning and being symptom free arefer CBT(Cognitive Behavioral Therapy) for panic disorder, 24 undergraduates classified as experienced group that had experienced panic attacks, and 190 undergraduates classified as control group that had experienced no panic attacks, nor being depressed state. Variables of interpersonal dependency and perfectionism were tested among three groups. Results : 1) Interpersonal dependency was significantly different among three groups. Patient group showed higher scores than experienced group and control group in the subscale of Interpersonal Dependency Index(IDI), lack of social self-confidence, and both patient group and experienced group showed higher scores than control group in the subscale of IDI, assertion of autonomy. 2) Perfectionism showed no significant differences among each groups. Conclusion : The result suggested that interpersonal dependency might be the one of psychological vulnerabilities of patients with panic disorder.