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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : John A. Ross (검색결과 4 건)
- 무료
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Transition to the Small Family: A Comparison of 1964-1973 Time Trends in Korea and Taiwan
John A. Ross,Kap Suk Koh(高甲錫) 한국인구학회 1977 한국인구학 Vol.1 No.1
While both Korea and Taiwan are unquestionably passing through the fundamental transition from large to small family size, there are similarities and differences between the two countries. Both have had a rise in age at marriage, Korea more so, contributing to a significantly delayed pattern of childbearing, Associated with this are period age-specific rates that in Taiwan run higher at young ages, but lower at the older ages. Both societies have greatly increased their use of birth control at all ages, parities, and education level, with Taiwan rising to higher levels at the upper ages, a brake via birth control that compensates for excess fertility associated with younger marriage. Korea has used abortion more, Taiwan used female sterilization and contraception more. At specific ages and family size compositions, more Taiwanese women say they want to stop having chidren, but they have about the same ideal family size preferences as Korean women. Son preference is strong, in the two societies, and persists even while the ideal numbers of both children and sons has declined. Social class differentials in contraceptive use have greatly lessened. Finally, both societies saw early and large changes in behavior before any strong modification in ideal family sizes. Despite a high ideal family size however, the proportions of women who personally wanted no more children were very high even in 1965, showing the strong incongruence between norms and personal intent that so often accompanies deep social change. Between 1965 and 1973 new behavior rapidly brought desire and practice into better harmony, as those wanting to stop childbearing took up birth control control practice. This occurred more fully in Taiwan than Korea, but as of 1973 the residual discrepancy was still substantial. In connection with the notable acceleration of change in both places in the 1971-1973 period, one point requires mention. In 1971 in both Korea and Taiwan intensive campaigns of public education began stressing the two child family norm, with the Korean one urging couples not only to stop at two chidren but to do so regardless of their sex. While a rigor ous assessment of the effects of these educational programs cannot be made, evdeince from independent sources in both places is consistent with the judgment that they had consider-able impact. There also exists the strong possibility that a kind of take-off point had been reached in the accelerating transition to the small family. Subsequent surveys, checking and extending the trends so far visible, will do much to clarify these questions.
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Burton Brittany N.,Finneran John J.,Angerstein Aaron,Ross Evelyn,Mitchell Ana,Waterman Ruth S.,Elsharydah Ahmad,Said Engy T.,Gabriel Rodney A. 대한마취통증의학회 2021 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.74 No.1
Background: Same-day discharge, defined as discharge from the hospital within 24 h of surgery, has been shown to be safe for joint arthroplasty. We examined demographic and clinical factors associated with same-day discharge and unplanned readmission following shoulder arthroplasty in adult patients.Methods: Utilizing data from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database, we extracted information of all patients that underwent shoulder arthroplasty. The primary and secondary outcome of interest was same-day discharge and 30-day unplanned readmission, respectively. We utilized multivariable logistic regression to identify covariates associated with these outcomes. Results: There were 17,011 patients analyzed when identifying predictors for same-day discharge. There was an increase in same-day discharge from 2007 to 2016. The odds of same-day discharge were significantly better for males (P < 0.001). The odds of same-day discharge was significantly decreased for every 10-year increase in age and for patients with insulin dependent diabetes, poor functional status, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, congestive heart failure, bleeding disorder, and comorbidity burden (all P < 0.001). There were 14,276 patients analyzed for hospital readmission. The odds of unplanned readmission were significantly higher for every 10-year increase in age and for patients with poor functional status, congestive heart failure, bleeding disorder, and higher comorbidity burden (all P < 0.001). Conclusions: The results of this study show that preoperative comorbidities and advanced age reduce the odds of same-day discharge. Risk stratification, preoperative optimization, and coordinated care after surgery may be helpful to optimize patients for same-day discharge.
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