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      • Practical sample pretreatment techniques coupled with capillary electrophoresis for real samples in complex matrices

        Jarvas, Gabor,Guttman, Andras,Mię,kus, Natalia,,czek, Tomasz,Jeong, Sunkyung,Chung, Doo Soo,,toprstý,, Vladimir,Masá,r, Mariá,n,Hutta, Milan,Datinská,, Vladim Elsevier 2020 Trends in analytical chemistry Vol.122 No.-

        <P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>By coupling a sample pretreatment technique of sample clean up and enrichment power with capillary electrophoresis (CE) of high-performance separation, the task of analyzing trace analytes in a complex matrix such as a biological sample can be carried out successfully with ease. This review aims for providing an overview of strategies to couple sample pretreatment techniques with capillary and related microscale (e.g., microchip) electrophoresis, practically adoptable in an automatic manner, without requiring serious modification of existing instruments to install sophisticated interfaces. In-line sample pretreatment techniques based on liquid phase microextraction performed before sample injection and on-line sample preconcentration techniques performed during or after sample injection are discussed with emphasis on the applicability to samples of high conductivity, commonly encountered for biological samples. An overview of the recent developments in microfluidic immobilized enzymatic microreactors which fit excellently to microchip CE is also given.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Recent advances and major trends in sample pretreatment for capillary electrophoresis are summarized. </LI> <LI> In-line and on-line sample pretreatment techniques are discussed with emphasis on biological samples. </LI> <LI> We provide an overview of strategies to couple sample pretreatment techniques with capillary and microchip electrophoresis. </LI> </UL> </P>

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        A wireless impedance analyzer for automated tomographic mapping of a nanoengineered sensing skin

        Sukhoon Pyo,Jerome P. Lynch,Kenneth J. Loh,Tsung-Chin Hou,Erik Jarva 국제구조공학회 2011 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.8 No.1

        Polymeric thin-film assemblies whose bulk electrical conductivity and mechanical performance have been enhanced by single-walled carbon nanotubes are proposed for measuring strain and corrosion activity in metallic structural systems. Similar to the dermatological system found in animals, the proposed self-sensing thin-film assembly supports spatial strain and pH sensing via localized changes in electrical conductivity. Specifically, electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is used to create detailed mappings of film conductivity over its complete surface area using electrical measurements taken at the film boundary. While EIT is a powerful means of mapping the sensing skin’s spatial response, it requires a data acquisition system capable of taking electrical impedance measurements on a large number of electrodes. A low-cost wireless impedance analyzer is proposed to fully automate EIT data acquisition. The key attribute of the device is a flexible sinusoidal waveform generator capable of generating regulated current signals with frequencies from near-DC to 20 MHz. Furthermore, a multiplexed sensing interface offers 32 addressable channels from which voltage measurements can be made. A wireless interface is included to eliminate the cumbersome wiring often required for data acquisition in a structure. The functionality of the wireless impedance analyzer is illustrated on an experimental setup with the system used for automated acquisition of electrical impedance measurements taken on the boundary of a bio-inspired sensing skin recently proposed for structural health monitoring.

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        A wireless impedance analyzer for automated tomographic mapping of a nanoengineered sensing skin

        Pyo, Sukhoon,Loh, Kenneth J.,Hou, Tsung-Chin,Jarva, Erik,Lynch, Jerome P. Techno-Press 2011 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.8 No.1

        Polymeric thin-film assemblies whose bulk electrical conductivity and mechanical performance have been enhanced by single-walled carbon nanotubes are proposed for measuring strain and corrosion activity in metallic structural systems. Similar to the dermatological system found in animals, the proposed self-sensing thin-film assembly supports spatial strain and pH sensing via localized changes in electrical conductivity. Specifically, electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is used to create detailed mappings of film conductivity over its complete surface area using electrical measurements taken at the film boundary. While EIT is a powerful means of mapping the sensing skin's spatial response, it requires a data acquisition system capable of taking electrical impedance measurements on a large number of electrodes. A low-cost wireless impedance analyzer is proposed to fully automate EIT data acquisition. The key attribute of the device is a flexible sinusoidal waveform generator capable of generating regulated current signals with frequencies from near-DC to 20 MHz. Furthermore, a multiplexed sensing interface offers 32 addressable channels from which voltage measurements can be made. A wireless interface is included to eliminate the cumbersome wiring often required for data acquisition in a structure. The functionality of the wireless impedance analyzer is illustrated on an experimental setup with the system used for automated acquisition of electrical impedance measurements taken on the boundary of a bio-inspired sensing skin recently proposed for structural health monitoring.

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