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Valorization of pikliz: a spicy meal garnishment in Haitian cuisine
James Louis-Jean,Debbie Sanon,Kevin Louis-Jean,Nicole Sanon,Ruthonce Stvil Louis-Jean,Michelle Luvy Thomas 한국식품연구원 2021 Journal of Ethnic Foods Vol.8 No.-
The biochemical process of fermentation (zymology) is widely practical for foods and beverages. This metabolic process involves microorganisms (bacteria) and their enzymes in the preparation and preservation of foods. Many studies have shown that fermented foods and beverages have various documented health benefits to humans, such as being high in vitamin b, and, among other benefits, having atherogenic and anticarcinogenic properties. This communication discusses the significance of fermentation in Haitian cuisine by focusing on pikliz—a spicy fermented meal garnishment that is widely popular among Haitian dishes. This analysis provides relevant information on Haitian cuisine while examining the underlying mechanisms, compositions, properties, nutritional values, and potential health benefits of pikliz. This spicy meal garnishment represents the regional, ethnic, and national identity of Haitians living in Haiti and abroad.
Kochhar, Sonali,Excler, Jean-Louis,Bok, Karin,Gurwith, Marc,McNeil, Michael M.,Seligman, Stephen J.,Khuri-Bulos, Najwa,Klug, Bettina,Laderoute, Marian,Robertson, James S.,Singh, Vidisha,Chen, Robert T Elsevier Ltd. 2019 Vaccine Vol. No.
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Live viral vectors that express heterologous antigens of the target pathogen are being investigated in the development of novel vaccines against serious infectious agents like HIV and Ebola. As some live recombinant vectored vaccines may be replication-competent, a key challenge is defining the length of time for monitoring potential adverse events following immunization (AEFI) in clinical trials and epidemiologic studies. This time period must be chosen with care and based on considerations of pre-clinical and clinical trials data, biological plausibility and practical feasibility. The available options include: (1) adapting from the current relevant regulatory guidelines; (2) convening a panel of experts to review the evidence from a systematic literature search to narrow down a list of likely <I>potential or known</I> AEFI and establish the optimal risk window(s); and (3) conducting “near real-time“ prospective monitoring for <I>unknown</I> clustering’s of AEFI in validated large linked vaccine safety databases using Rapid Cycle Analysis for pre-specified adverse events of special interest (AESI) and Treescan to identify previously unsuspected outcomes. The risk window established by any of these options could be used along with (4) establishing a registry of clinically validated pre-specified AESI to include in case-control studies. Depending on the infrastructure, human resources and databases available in different countries, the appropriate option or combination of options can be determined by regulatory agencies and investigators.</P>