Tensile Yield Behaviour of Glass Bead Filled LDPE Composites

Liang, J . Z .,Tang, C . Y .,Li, R . K . Y .,Wong, T . T . 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 1998 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.4 No.3

The effects of the filler size and the filler content on the tensile yield behaviour of glass bead filled low density polyethylene (LDPE) composites have been investigated employing an INSTRON materials tester at room temperature. The results show that the influence of the concentration and diameter of glass beads on the tensile yield stress and strain at yield state of the composites is insignificant. It indicates that the interfacial adhesion between the filler and the LDPE matrix is good.

Mechanical Properties of Polypropylene/CaCO3 Composites

Liang, J . Z .,Tang, C . Y .,Li, R . K . Y .,Wong, T . T . 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 1998 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.4 No.4

The effects of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) content on the hardness, tensile and dynamic mechanical properties and impact strength of the filled polypropylene (PP) composites have been investigated in the present paper. The results show that the moduli and hardness of the composites increase with addition of CaCO₃ content, but the tensile strength and strain at break is opposite to this; there are extreme values of the tensile yield stress and lzod impact strength at 5% and 10% of CaCO₃ weight fraction, respectively. It indicates that the strength and toughness of PP can be improved to some extent when PP i s filled with suitable concentration of inorganic rigid particles.

HTAP2 multi-model estimates of premature human mortality due to intercontinental transport of air pollution and emission sectors

Liang, Ciao-Kai,West, J. Jason,Silva, Raquel A.,Bian, Huisheng,Chin, Mian,Davila, Yanko,Dentener, Frank J.,Emmons, Louisa,Flemming, Johannes,Folberth, Gerd,Henze, Daven,Im, Ulas,Jonson, Jan Eiof,Keati Copernicus GmbH 2018 Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Vol.18 No.14

<P><p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Ambient air pollution from ozone and fine particulate matter is associated with premature mortality. As emissions from one continent influence air quality over others, changes in emissions can also influence human health on other continents. We estimate global air-pollution-related premature mortality from exposure to PM<span class='inline-formula'>_2.5</span> and ozone and the avoided deaths due to 20<span class='thinspace'></span>% anthropogenic emission reductions from six source regions, North America (NAM), Europe (EUR), South Asia (SAS), East Asia (EAS), Russia-Belarus-Ukraine (RBU), and the Middle East (MDE), three global emission sectors, power and industry (PIN), ground transportation (TRN), and residential (RES), and one global domain (GLO), using an ensemble of global chemical transport model simulations coordinated by the second phase of the Task Force on Hemispheric Transport of Air Pollutants (TF HTAP2), and epidemiologically derived<span id='page10498'/> concentration response functions. We build on results from previous studies of TF HTAP by using improved atmospheric models driven by new estimates of 2010 anthropogenic emissions (excluding methane), with more source and receptor regions, new consideration of source sector impacts, and new epidemiological mortality functions. We estimate 290<span class='thinspace'></span>000 (95<span class='thinspace'></span>% confidence interval (CI): 30<span class='thinspace'></span>000, 600<span class='thinspace'></span>000) premature <span class='inline-formula'>O₃</span>-related deaths and 2.8 million (0.5 million, 4.6 million) PM<span class='inline-formula'>_2.5</span>-related premature deaths globally for the baseline year 2010. While 20<span class='thinspace'></span>% emission reductions from one region generally lead to more avoided deaths within the source region than outside, reducing emissions from MDE and RBU can avoid more <span class='inline-formula'>O₃</span>-related deaths outside of these regions than within, and reducing MDE emissions also avoids more PM<span class='inline-formula'>_2.5</span>-related deaths outside of MDE than within. Our findings that most avoided <span class='inline-formula'>O₃</span>-related deaths from emission reductions in NAM and EUR occur outside of those regions contrast with those of previous studies, while estimates of PM<span class='inline-formula'>_2.5</span>-related deaths from NAM, EUR, SAS, and EAS emission reductions agree well. In addition, EUR, MDE, and RBU have more avoided <span class='inline-formula'>O₃</span>-related deaths from reducing foreign emissions than from domestic reductions. For six regional emission reductions, the total avoided extra-regional mortality is estimated as 6000 (<span class='inline-formula'>−</span>3400, 15<span class='thinspace'></span>500) deaths per year and 25<span class='thinspace'></span>100 (8200, 35<span class='thinspace'></span>800) deaths per year through changes in <span class='inline-formula'>O₃</span> and PM<span class='inline-formula'>_2.5</span>, respectively. Interregional transport of air pollutants leads to more deaths through changes in PM<span class='inline-formula'>_2.5</span> than in <span class='inline-formula'>O₃</span>, even though <span class='inline-formula'>O₃</span> is transported more on interregional scales, since PM<span class='inline-formula'>_2.5</span> has a stronger influence on mortality. For NAM and EUR, our estimates of avoided mortality from regional and extra-regional emission reductions are comparable to those estimated by regional models for these same experiments. In sectoral emission reductions, TRN emissions account for the greatest fraction (26-53<span class='thinspace'></span>% of global emission reduction) of <span class='inline-formula'>O₃</span>-rela

Observation of the topological surface state in the nonsymmorphic topological insulator KHgSb

Liang, A. J.,Jiang, J.,Wang, M. X.,Sun, Y.,Kumar, N.,Shekhar, C.,Chen, C.,Peng, H.,Wang, C. W.,Xu, X.,Yang, H. F.,Cui, S. T.,Hong, G. H.,Xia, Y.-Y.,Mo, S.-K.,Gao, Q.,Zhou, X. J.,Yang, L. X.,Felser, C. American Physical Society 2017 Physical review. B Vol.96 No.16

<P>Topological insulators represent unusual topological quantum states, typically with gapped bulk band structure but gapless surface Dirac fermions protected by time-reversal symmetry. Recently, a distinct kind of topological insulator resulting from nonsymmorphic crystalline symmetry was proposed in the KHgX (X = As, Sb, Bi) compounds. Unlike regular topological crystalline insulators, the nonsymmorphic glide-reflection symmetry in KHgX guarantees the appearance of an exotic surface fermion with hourglass shape dispersion (where two pairs of branches switch their partners) residing on its (010) side surface, contrasting to the usual two-dimensional Dirac fermion form. Here, by using high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, we systematically investigate the electronic structures of KHgSb on both (001) and (010) surfaces and reveal the unique in-gap surface states on the (010) surface with delicate dispersion consistent with the 'hourglass Fermion' recently proposed. Our experiment strongly supports that KHgSb is a nonsymmorphic topological crystalline insulator with hourglass fermions, which serves as an important step to the discovery of unique topological quantum materials and exotic fermions protected by nonsymmorphic crystalline symmetry.</P>

FACILE AND LARGE-SCALE FABRICATION OF Ni NANOCHAINS BY A CHEMICAL REDUCTION METHOD WITH THE ASSISTANCE OF EXTERNAL MAGNETIC FIELD

J. Y. LIAO,H. LI,J. J. LIANG,Y. F. FENG,X. B. ZHANG,Y. Q. YIN,H. X. TAO 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2013 NANO Vol.8 No.1

Magnetic Ni micro/nanostructures with controlled morphology have drawn intensive attention due to their interesting physicochemical properties and potential applications in micro/nanodevices. In this study, one-dimensional Ni nanochains with an average diameter of about 140 nm were prepared by a magnetic-field-assisted chemical reduction of Ni2+ with hydrazine hydrate free of any template or surfactant. It was found that the morphology and the size of the Ni chains could be adjusted by changing the complexant used in the synthesis. The usage of surfactant in the synthesis would retard the firm connection of Ni nanoparticles and thus resulted in the formation of Ni nanochains consisting of loosely aggregated Ni nanoparticles. The magnetic measurement at room temperature indicated that the coercivity of the Ni sample reached 133.2 Oe, which was much higher than that of bulk Ni metal.

Identification of QTLs associated with salt or alkaline tolerance at the seedling stage in rice under salt or alkaline stress

Liang, J. l.,Qu, Y. p.,Yang, C. g.,Ma, X. d.,Cao, G. l.,Zhao, Z. w.,Zhang, S. y.,Zhang, T.,Han, L. z. Springer Science + Business Media 2015 Euphytica Vol.201 No.3

Crosstalk between the cGAS DNA Sensor and Beclin-1 Autophagy Protein Shapes Innate Antimicrobial Immune Responses

Liang, Q.,Seo, G.,Choi, Y.,Kwak, M.J.,Ge, J.,Rodgers, Mary A.,Shi, M.,Leslie, Benjamin J.,Hopfner, K.P.,Ha, T.,Oh, B.H.,Jung, Jae U. Elsevier Inc., Cell Press Imprint 2014 Cell host & microbe Vol.15 No.2

Robust immune responses are essential for eliminating pathogens but must be metered to avoid prolonged immune activation and potential host damage. Upon recognition of microbial DNA, the cytosolic DNA sensor cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthetase (cGAS) produces the second messenger cGAMP to initiate the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway and subsequent interferon (IFN) production. We report that the direct interaction between cGAS and the Beclin-1 autophagy protein not only suppresses cGAMP synthesis to halt IFN production upon double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) stimulation or herpes simplex virus-1 infection, but also enhances autophagy-mediated degradation of cytosolic pathogen DNA to prevent excessive cGAS activation and persistent immune stimulation. Specifically, this interaction releases Rubicon, a negative autophagy regulator, from the Beclin-1 complex, activating phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase class III activity and thereby inducing autophagy to remove cytosolic pathogen DNA. Thus, the cGAS-Beclin-1 interaction shapes innate immune responses by regulating both cGAMP production and autophagy, resulting in well-balanced antimicrobial immune responses.

ENERGY REQUIREMENTS OF GROWING SAHIWAL × FRIESIAN HEIFERS IN MALAYSIA

Liang, J.B.,Samiyah, M.N.,Azizan, A.R.,Dollah, M.A. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1992 Animal Bioscience Vol.5 No.1

Fourteen Sahiwal ${\times}$ Friesian crossbred heifers were used in a 10-wk feeding trial to determine maintenance energy requirements and efficiency of gain. The heifers were individually fed with a diet consisting of 30% dry grass and 70% concentrates at either 110, 140 or 180% of the anticipated maintenance requirement ($494kJ\;ME/kg^{0.75}/day$). Liveweight of individual heifers was measured weekly to calculate diet requirements and average daily gain (ADG). Diet digestibility was determined for all heifers to determine ME intake. Retained energy (RE) of individual heifers was determined from changes in total body fat and protein using a TOH isotope dilution procedure and, assuming calorific values of 39.3 and 23.6 kJ/g for fat and protein respectively. The estimated ME for maintenance was 433 and $470kJ/kg^{0.75}/day$ by liveweight (ADG) equilibrium and energy (RE) equilibrium analysis respectively. ME requirement for one g of liveight gain was 28 kJ.

NON-NATURAL EQUILIBRIUM CONTOUR DESIGN FOR RADIAL TIRE AND ITS INFLUENCE ON TIRE PERFORMANCE

J. YANG,G. L. WANG,Z. J. WAN,C. LIANG,H. C. ZHOU 한국자동차공학회 2016 International journal of automotive technology Vol.17 No.4

Two types of radial tire 11.00R20 and 385/65R22.5 are chosen as the research objects, and their carcass contours are redesigned by using Sakai Hideo’s, Frank’s and the new non-natural equilibrium contour design theories, which were based on analyzing the current non-equilibrium contour design theories of radial tire. Then the tire wear, rolling resistance and grip performance of the two radial tires designed by different non-natural equilibrium contour design theories are comprehensively analyzed with the finite element software ABAQUS. The results show that Frank’s contour design theory can reduce tire wear; the new non-natural equilibrium contour design theory can enhance tire wear, rolling resistance performance, etc. It is also found that the tire carcass contour has great influence on tire performance, especially on the tire rolling resistance. The new non-natural equilibrium contour theory provides a guidance to reduce the tire rolling resistance, and it can break through the target conflicts in tire performance. The tire with the new non-natural equilibrium carcass contour can enhance its comprehensive performance.

Flexural behavior of concrete beams reinforced with CFRP prestressed prisms

J.F. Liang,Deng Yu,Bai Yu 사단법인 한국계산역학회 2016 Computers and Concrete, An International Journal Vol.17 No.3

An experimental investigation on the behaviour of concrete beams reinforced with various reinforcement, including ordinary steel bars, CFRP bars and CFRP prestressed concrete prisms(PCP). The main variable in the test program was the level of prestress and the cross section of PCP.The modes of failure and the crack width were observed. The results of load-deflection and load-crack width characteristics were discussed. The results showed that the CFRP prestressed concrete prisms as flexural reinforcement of concrete beams could limit deflection and crack width under service load and PCP can overcome the serviceability problems associated with the low elastic modulus/strength ratio of CFRP.