Therapeutic Effect of Dioctahedral Smectite on Diarrhea Caused by E. coli and Salmonella in Calves

Hu Jang Lee1,3*, Chun-Nam Cha, Yeo-Eun Lee, Hyunju Choi, Joon-Seob Shin, Suk Kim 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2012 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.13 No.2

The objectives of the current study were to evaluate the therapeutic effect of dioctahedral smectite (smectite) against calf diarrhea caused by pathogenic E. coli and/or Salmonella typhimurium. In this study, 20 calves (aged 2~3 months) with diarrhea were used for evaluation of the efficacy of smectite on calf diarrhea with 20% smectite suspension in PBS. Calves received 10 ml smectite suspension three times per day after feeding, and fecal samples were collected at the gate of treatment and on the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth day after administration. On the fifth day after treatment with smectite suspension, the diarrhea index showed a significant decrease in the treated group, compared to the control group (P<0.001). The number of pathogenic E. coli in feces of the treated group was significantly decreased, compared to each control group from the second day after treatment (P<0.001), and that of Salmonella typhimurium was significantly decreased from the first day after treatment (P<0.05). According to the results of the current study, 20% smectite suspension had a therapeutic effect on diarrhea caused by E. coli and/or Salmonella in calves.

Comprehensive somatic genome alterations of urachal carcinoma

Lee, Seungchul,Lee, Jingu,Sim, Sung Hoon,Lee, Yeonghun,Moon, Kyung Chul,Lee, Cheol,Park, Woong-Yang,Kim, Nayoung KD,Lee, Se-Hoon,Lee, Hyunju BMJ Publishing Group Ltd 2017 Journal of medical genetics Vol.54 No.8

<P>Conclusions Our genome-wide analysis of urachal cancer suggests that molecular characteristics may be important for the treatment of urachal cancer.</P>

동래부 화원 李時訥 연구

이현주(Lee Hyunju) 부산경남사학회 2010 역사와 경계 Vol.76 No.-

This paper aims to research on Lee Si-Nul(李時訥) who served as a painter in Dangraebu(東萊府 畵員) district in the 19th century. Lee Si-Nul's family originally came from Beokjin(碧珍) and his pseudonym(號) is Songam(松菴). He filled various military posts in Dongraebu district in the 19th century such as Pachong in Janggwancheong(將官廳 把摠); Gungigamgwan in Beolgungwancheong(別軍官廳 軍器監官); Baekchong in Jakdaecheong(作隊廳 百摠); Baechong in Sucheopcheong(守堞廳 百摠). His works are largely classified into three kinds of paintings according to the purpose and orderers, which are documentary paintings for the use of the government offices, the on-demand paintings from Japan, the paintings for appreciation from private interaction. His documentary painting which remains now is 〈Imjinjeonrando: Imjin War painting〉(壬辰戰亂圖). Most of the on-demand paintings from Japan, which bear the mark of Joseon(朝鮮) and the signature of his pseudonym, Songam, are inherited generation to generation in Japan. Among them, Songhodo(松虎圖), Eungdo(鷹圖), and the landscape of southern school style(南宗畵 山水) remain today. The subjects of the paintings for appreciation are various compared with the quantity such as Nonggawolryeongdo(農家月令圖) in the landscape style; Seowonajipdo(西園雅集圖) which applied the tradition of Gosado - a painting of an old story - in China(中國 故事圖); the paintings of the four gracious plants(Sagunja, 四君子) and grape vines drawn in black and white(Mukpododo, 墨葡萄圖) in the literary artist's style. The documentary paintings for the use of the government offices highlight regional characteristics while the paintings for appreciation strongly reflect the style in the same period like Kim Hong-Do(金弘道) and Jeong Sun's(鄭?). This paper postulates the paintings of dispatched painters in each province from Dohwaseo, Drawing & Painting Authority in the late Joseon Dynasty and the ones dispatched to Dongraewegwan(東萊倭館) for the nexus of relationship with the Central Authority of Drawing & Painting. Then, it has examined the regional styles of paintings in the correlation between Byeon Bak(卞璞) and Byeon Gon(卞崑) who worked in Dongraebu district in the 18-19th century and the paintings in Dongraebu. Furthermore, this article has attempted to tell the distinct characteristics of Dongraebu district as a painting-making place in the respect that the private paintings for appreciation got a sense of Japanese style and the paintings in Dongraebu were related to the style and works of escort painters in Tongsinsa, a diplomatic delegation in Joseon.

Transforming Growth Factor β Inhibits MUC5AC Expression by Smad3/HDAC2 Complex Formation and NF-κB Deacetylation at K310 in NCI-H292 Cells

Lee, Su Ui,Kim, Mun-Ock,Kang, Myung-Ji,Oh, Eun Sol,Ro, Hyunju,Lee, Ro Woon,Song, Yu Na,Jung, Sunin,Lee, Jae-Won,Lee, Soo Yun,Bae, Taeyeol,Hong, Sung-Tae,Kim, Tae-Don Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2021 Molecules and cells Vol.44 No.1

Airway mucus secretion is an essential innate immune response for host protection. However, overproduction and hypersecretion of mucus, mainly composed of the gel-forming MUC5AC protein, are significant risk factors for patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) signaling pathway negatively regulates MUC5AC expression; however, the underlying molecular mechanism is not fully understood. Here, we showed that TGFβ significantly reduces the expression of MUC5AC mRNA and its protein in NCI-H292 cells, a human mucoepidermoid carcinoma cell line. This reduced MUC5AC expression was restored by a TGFβ receptor inhibitor (SB431542), but not by the inhibition of NF-κB (BAY11-7082 or Triptolide) or PI3K (LY294002) activities. TGFβ-activated Smad3 dose-dependently bound to MUC5AC promoter. Notably, TGFβ-activated Smad3 recruited HDAC2 and facilitated nuclear translocation of HDAC2, thereby inducing the deacetylation of NF-κB at K310, which is essential for a reduction in NF-κB transcriptional activity. Both TGFβ-induced nuclear translocation of Smad3/HDAC2 and deacetylation of NF-κB at K310 were suppressed by a Smad3 inhibitor (SIS3). These results suggest that the TGFβ-activated Smad3/HDAC2 complex is an essential negative regulator for MUC5AC expression and an epigenetic regulator for NF-κB acetylation. Therefore, these results collectively suggest that modulation of the TGFβ1/Smad3/HDAC2/NF-κB pathway axis can be a promising way to improve lung function as a treatment strategy for asthma and COPD.

Effect of HFC-134a as a Promoter of CO₂ Hydrate: Phase Equilibrium, Dissociation Enthalpy and Kinetics

Lee, Hyunju,Park, Chansu,Lee, Eunkyung,Lee, Ju Dong,Kim, Yangdo American Chemical Society 2017 Journal of chemical and engineering data Vol.62 No.12

<P>HFC-134a gas was investigated as a potential guest molecule to improve the thermodynamic conditions and formation rate for CO<SUB>2</SUB> hydrate. In the phase equilibrium study, the equilibrium pressure of CO<SUB>2</SUB> + HFC-134a was lower than that of pure CO<SUB>2</SUB> gas, and the equilibrium pressure decreased gradually with increasing HFC-134a concentration. The dissociation enthalpy (Δ<I>H</I><SUB>d</SUB>) was calculated using the Clausius–Clapeyron equation, and the Δ<I>H</I><SUB>d</SUB> value also changed with increasing HFC-134a concentration. In particular, the Δ<I>H</I><SUB>d</SUB> of 8 mol % HFC-134a-added CO<SUB>2</SUB> hydrate was 143.2 kJ/mol, which was similar to that of pure HFC-134a (structure-II). In the kinetic study, the reactor was initially filled with CO<SUB>2</SUB> + HFC-134a gas only and pure CO<SUB>2</SUB> gas was then supplied as a source when the hydrate reaction proceeded. As a result, the formation rate of the HFC-134a mixture in the initial 2 min was faster than that of pure CO<SUB>2</SUB>. This was consistent with the gas chromatography results, which showed that HFC-134a occupies the cage at the beginning of hydrate formation. These results suggest that the addition of HFC-134a influences the CO<SUB>2</SUB> hydrate thermodynamic equilibrium and kinetic characteristics.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jceaax/2017/jceaax.2017.62.issue-12/acs.jced.7b00756/production/images/medium/je-2017-007568_0007.gif'></P>

Clonal Expansion of Macrolide-Resistant Sequence Type 3 <i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i> , South Korea

Lee, Joon Kee,Lee, Joon Ho,Lee, Hyunju,Ahn, Young Min,Eun, Byung Wook,Cho, Eun Young,Cho, Hwa Jin,Yun, Ki Wook,Lee, Hoan Jong,Choi, Eun Hwa U.S. Department of Health and Human Services * Cen 2018 Emerging Infectious Diseases Vol.24 No.8

<P>To investigate the genetic background for the emergence of macrolide resistance, we characterized the genetic features of <I>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</I> using multilocus sequence typing. Of the 146 <I>M. pneumoniae</I> strains collected during the 5 consecutive outbreaks of <I>M. pneumoniae</I> pneumonia during 2000–2016 in South Korea, macrolide resistance increased from 0% in the first outbreak to 84.4% in the fifth. Among the 8 sequence types (STs) identified, ST3 (74.7%) was the most prevalent, followed by ST14 (15.1%). Macrolide-susceptible strains comprised 8 different STs, and all macrolide-resistant strains were ST3 (98.3%) except 1 with ST14. The proportion of macrolide-resistant strains in ST3 remained 2.2% (1/46) until the 2006–2007 outbreak and then markedly increased to 82.6% (19/23) during the 2010–2012 outbreak and 95.0% (38/40) during the 2014–2016 outbreak. The findings demonstrated that clonal expansion of ST3 <I>M. pneumoniae</I> was associated with the increase in macrolide resistance in South Korea.</P>

랑데부를 위한 우주 비행체의 추력 제어 시스템

이현주(Hyunju Lee),이하련(Haryeon Lee),이상철(Sangchul Lee) 한국항공우주학회 2023 한국항공우주학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2023 No.11

Systematic Target Screening Revealed That Tif302 Could Be an Off - Target of the Antifungal Terbinafi ne in Fission Yeast

( Sol Lee ),( Miyoung Nam ),( Ah-reum Lee ),( Jaewoong Lee ),( Jihye Woo ),( Nam Sook Kang ),( Anand Balupuri ),( Minho Lee ),( Seon-young Kim ),( Hyunju Ro ),( Youn-woong Choi ),( Dong-uk Kim ),( Kwa 한국응용약물학회 2021 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.29 No.2

We used a heterozygous gene deletion library of fission yeasts comprising all essential and non-essential genes for a microarray screening of target genes of the antifungal terbinafine, which inhibits ergosterol synthesis via the Erg1 enzyme. We identified 14 heterozygous strains corresponding to 10 non-essential [7 ribosomal-protein (RP) coding genes, spt7, spt20, and elp2] and 4 essential genes (tif302, rpl2501, rpl31, and erg1). Expectedly, their erg1 mRNA and protein levels had decreased compared to the control strain SP286. When we studied the action mechanism of the non-essential target genes using cognate haploid deletion strains, knockout of SAGA-subunit genes caused a down-regulation in erg1 transcription compared to the control strain ED668. However, knockout of RP genes conferred no susceptibility to ergosterol-targeting antifungals. Surprisingly, the RP genes participated in the erg1 transcription as components of repressor complexes as observed in a comparison analysis of the experimental ratio of erg1 mRNA. To understand the action mechanism of the interaction between the drug and the novel essential target genes, we performed isobologram assays with terbinafine and econazole (or cycloheximide). Terbinafine susceptibility of the tif302 heterozygous strain was attributed to both decreased erg1 mRNA levels and inhibition of translation. Moreover, Tif302 was required for efficacy of both terbinafine and cycloheximide. Based on a molecular modeling analysis, terbinafine could directly bind to Tif302 in yeasts, suggesting Tif302 as a potential off-target of terbinafine. In conclusion, this genome-wide screening system can be harnessed for the identification and characterization of target genes under any condition of interest.

오픈 시스템을 적용한 프로젝트 아이덴티티 프로그램의 개발 - 멸종위기종 복원사업의 사례를 중심으로

이현주 ( Lee Hyunju ),박영순 ( Park Youngsoon ),정의철 ( Jun Eui-chul ),이성식 ( Lee Sungsik ),이지현 ( Lee Jeehyun ),주혜영 ( Chu Hyeyoung ),김소연 ( Kim Soyoun ),박영진 ( Park Youngjin ),홍자경 ( Hong Jakyung ) 한국디자인트렌드학회 2009 한국디자인포럼 Vol.23 No.-

최근 들어 환경에 대한 온 인류의 관심과 중요성이 증가됨에 따라 환경보존과 관련된 많은 프로젝트가 진행되고 그에 따라 많은 디자인 결과물들이 제시되고 있다. 그러나 많은 프로젝트들이 단발성으로 끝남으로 인해서 경제적인 측면에서도 많은 손실을 주는 경우가 있다. 환경부의 멸종위기종 복원사업은 멸종위기종의 대상이 계속적으로 바뀌면서도 일관성 있는 프로젝트의 고지와 범국민적 의식의 전환이 필요한 장기 프로젝트이다. 이 같은 프로젝트의 경우, 단발성으로 끝나는 기존의 아이덴티티 프로그램보다는 상황에 맞추어 계속 적용 가능한 열린 구조의 프로젝트 아이덴티티의 프로그램이 절실히 필요하다고 보았다. 본 연구는 멸종위기종 복원사업을 사례로 대국민 커뮤니케이션의 툴로써 효과적인 프로젝트 아이덴티티의 방향 및 실제 적용 방안을 제안하였다. With the recent increase in mankind`s interest in the importance of the environment, many projects related to environmental preservation are being implemented and numerous design results from these projects are being presented. But many projects terminate as a one-time event and, even in economic terms, often lead to losses. In the case of endangered species restoration project, which require continued persistence and nationwide transformation of people`s awareness, there is a need to move away from a simple identity program that ends as a one-time event and to develop a project identity program based on an open system concept allowing continuous application of the system tailored to given situations. Based on examples of endangered species restoration projects, this study presents the direction and the plan for actual application of an effective project identity as a public communications tool.

멸종위기 종복원사업을 위한 환경캐릭터 디자인연구

이현주 ( Lee Hyunju ),박영순 ( Park Youngsoon ),정의철 ( Jung Eui-chul ),이성식 ( Lee Sungsik ),이지현 ( Lee Jeehyun ),주혜영 ( Chu Hyeyoung ),김소연 ( Kim Soyoun ),박영진 ( Park Youngjin ),홍자경 ( Hong Jakyung ) 한국디자인트렌드학회 2009 한국디자인포럼 Vol.24 No.-

캐릭터는 추상적인 언어를 시각화하여 의미를 감성적으로 전달하는데 매우 효율적이다. 따라서 차별화된 시각 커뮤니케이션 수단으로서 사회전반에 대해 의식적 공감을 이끌어 내는데 높은 효용을 가지게 되었다. 이에 다양한 매체와 기간, 목적에 합당하도록 캐릭터를 개발할 필요가 있다. 최근 세계적인 관심이 집중되는 환경보호목적의 캐릭터를 중심으로 이러한 환경 캐릭터가 가지는 시각 커뮤니케이션 수단으로서의 위상을 확인하고 멸종위기 종복원사업을 중심으로 시각 커뮤니케이션 도구로써 캐릭터의 개발 방안을 제안하였다. 연구의 결과로 기존의 의인화되고 팬시한 느낌의 캐릭터보다는 사실감, 생태성, 단순화가 디자인에 반영되었다. 이러한 캐릭터의 디자인 컨셉은 향후 지속될 멸종위기종 프로젝트의 다른 동식물 캐릭터 제작에도 적용될 계획을 가지고 도출되었다. The character is so effective tool that it can deliver emotionally their meanings by visualization from metaphysical language. So it can be very useful as a differentiate visual communication tool for conscious sympathy in the whole society. We need to design character as good for the various media, period and objects. With the recent focus in mankind`s interest in the character of the environment, this study verifies the status of character as a visual communication tool and suggests character design method as a visual communication tool focusing on Endangered species restoration project. As the result, realism, ecological `culture of life` and minimalism is reflected in design better than anthropomorphic and fancy character. This design concept of character is reached to have a plan applying character development in the other animals and plants of Endangered species restoration project.