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        Study on In-Situ Nucleation, Growth Kinetics and Crystallographic Structure of Acicular Ferrite in X100 Pipeline Steel Welds

        Xiaonan Qi,Xiaonan Wang,Xinjun Shen,Pengcheng Huan,Zhenguang Liu,Hongshuang Di 대한금속·재료학회 2023 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.29 No.9

        Acicular ferrite has appeared in various low carbon microalloyed steel welds (e.g., laser-arc hybrid welds) due to its highgrain boundary density and toughness. However, the transformation kinetics and crystallographic structure characteristics ofacicular ferrite in laser-arc hybrid welds are still unclear. In this paper, the nucleation and growth kinetics of acicular ferritein laser-metal active gas hybrid welds with different cooling rates (1–150 K/s) were investigated and their crystallographiccharacteristics were revealed from the perspective of variant. The result showed that acicular ferrite can nucleate at all thetest cooling rates in weld metal, and the microstructure coexisting with acicular ferrite changes from polygonal ferrite andgranular bainite with a low cooling rate to lath martensite with a high cooling rate. As the cooling rate increases, the phasetransformation temperature of acicular ferrite decreased, and the phase transformation mode changed from partitioninglocal equilibrium to negligible partitioning local equilibrium. The variety of the phase transformation mode and the higherphase transformation driving force led to an increase in the growth rate of acicular ferrite. Compared with the bainite andmartensite in the base metal, the acicular ferrite had the characteristics of light variant selection, uniformly distributedoperating factor and small variant size, which resulted in high-density effective grain boundaries. To obtain more acicularferrite, the cooling rate should be increased as much as possible on the premise that the phase transformation terminationtemperature was higher than the Ms.

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