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        Evaluation of Yeast Diversity During Wine Fermentations with Direct Inoculation and pied de cuve Method at an Industrial Scale

        ( Erhu Li ),( Chuan He Liu ),( Yan Lin Liu ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2012 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.22 No.7

        The diversity and composition of yeast populations may greatly impact wine quality. This study investigated the yeast microbiota in two different types of wine fermentations: direct inoculation of a commercial starter versus pied de cuve method at an industrial scale. The pied de cuve fermentation entailed growth of the commercial inoculum used in the direct inoculation fermentation for further inoculation of additional fermentations. Yeast isolates were collected from different stages of wine fermentation and identified to the species level using Wallersterin Laboratory nutrient (WLN) agar followed by analysis of the 26S rDNA D1/D2 domain. Genetic characteristics of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains were assessed by a rapid PCR-based method, relying on the amplification of interdelta sequences. A total of 412 yeast colonies were obtained from all fermentations and eight different WL morphotypes were observed. Non-Saccharomyces yeast mainly appeared in the grape must and at the early stages of wine fermentation. S. cerevisiae was the dominant yeast species using both fermentation techniques. Seven distinguishing interdelta sequence patterns were found among S. cerevisiae strains, and the inoculated commercial starter, AWRI 796, dominated all stages in both direct inoculation and pied de cuve fermentations. This study revealed that S. cerevisiae was the dominant species and an inoculated starter could dominate fermentations with the pied de cuve method under controlled conditions.

      • Teaching and Practice Innovation of Embedded System Design Course Based on Proteus and Keil-electronic Stopwatch as an Example

        Li Dan,He Erhu,Zhang Yanrong,Zhang Yu 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Smart Home Vol.9 No.4

        This study aims at the status quo that theory is divorced from practice in embedded systems teaching process. A new theory teaching method is proposed that using Proteus as hardware simulation environment and Keil as software design environment. With this new method, in the teaching process, the hardware circuit can be simulated by the software environment. The joint use of Proteus and Keil in Embedded System Design Course teaching is clarified by an example of the design of electronic stopwatch which is using GPIO and timer in ARM7. This instance illustrates the flow and application methods about the joint application of Proteus and Keil in embedded system course teaching and practical application detailedly. By this method, it can stimulated students' interest in learning, and enhance the students' understanding of the principles and application of Embedded System Design. Thereby using this method can also improve the embedded system experiment teaching effect.

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