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      • Perception of Breast Cancer Screening among Iranian Women without Experience of Mammography: A Qualitative Study

        Khazaee-pool, Maryam,Majlessi, Fereshteh,Foroushani, Abbass Rahimi,Montazeri, Ali,Nedjat, Saharnaz,Shojaeizadeh, Davoud,Tol, Azare,Salimzadeh, Hamideh Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.9

        Background: In Iran, there are high rates of breast cancer. It is among the five most common cancers, the first among cancers diagnosed, and is the leading cause of cancer deaths among Iranian women. Objectives: The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore perception of breast cancer screening among Iranian women who have never had a mammograph. Materials and Methods: The current study was part of a qualitative research conducted by means of content analysis method and purposive sampling of 16 women over the age of 30 years who had not undergone mammography using individual semi-structured interviews. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. The data were under continuous consideration and comparative analysis in order to achieve data saturation. Results: After codification of data, three concept categories were achieved including: i) low awareness, ii) worries, and iii) lack of motivation. Conclusions: Although there is a tendency among Iranian women to participate in breast cancer screening, there is a powerful cultural belief that breasts are sexual organs that should not be discussed publicly. Due to the incidence of breast cancer in Iranian women, it is critical that breast awareness education be performed by health care experts to explore the concepts of breast cancer and breast cancer screening.

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        Performance Evaluation of Different Types of Steel Moment Resisting Frames Subjected to Strong Ground Motion through Incremental Dynamic Analysis

        Behrouz Asgarian,Hamideh Khazaee,Masoud Mirtaheri 한국강구조학회 2012 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.12 No.3

        Comparative studies on seismic performance for various types of steel moment resisting frames subjected to near field and far field earthquakes are performed through Incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) method in this study. Near field earthquake has a pulse like effects on the structures. It imports immediate force in very short duration to buildings. Therefore, destructive effects of surge energy are not negligible. Four intensity indices are used, namely, peak acceleration (PGA), spectral acceleration at the structure’s first-mode period (Sa(T1, 5%)), spectral acceleration at the structure’s nth effective-mode period (Sa(Tn, 5%)) and the Spectral velocity at the structure’s first-mode period (Sv(T1, 5%)). Numerical results illustrate that the intensity measure parameters related to ground velocity and the higher mode-related parameters present better correlation with the seismic responses of near source ground motion for given systems. The higher mode-related parameters are more suitable for tall systems subjected to near field earthquakes. Moreover, the chosen parameters Sa(Tn, 5%) and Sv(T1, 5%) of near-fault impulsive ground motions enhance the performance of intensity measure of corresponding conventional parameters, i.e. Sa(T1,5%). A comparison for the special and intermediate steel moment resisting frames is made as regard to performance using IDA method. A more efficient performance is observed for the special moment resisting frames compare to intermediate ones.

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