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Yu, Xiaoping,Lu, Zhongxian,Wu, Guorui,Tao, Linyong,Chen, Jianming,Zheng, Xusong,Xu, Hongxing Korean Society of Applied Entomology 2001 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.4 No.2
The virulence change (biotype), wing form development and immigration of brown planthopper (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens Stal, population in Zhejiang province was studied as compared to these BPH populations collected from Guangxi and Yunnan province, China and Philippines. The results indicate that the Zhejiang population could successfully infest variety IR26 and Mudgo after 1989, and ASD7 and IR36 after 1998, showing the characters of BPH biotype 2 and biotypes 3. The BPH tropical populations such as Guangxi population, however, adapted the resistant varieties IR26, Mudgo and ASD7 earlier. In 1997, the nymphal survival indices of Guangxi and Yunnan populations on Rathu Heenati (Bph3) were up to 70.9 and 66.7 respectively, higher than Zhejiang population. The Zhejiang populations show low brachupterous rates and have a negative correlation with nymphal density, belonging to the temperate type. The Philippine populations are almost brachypterous, however, the brachypterous rates of BPH males raise with the increase of nymphal density. The Guangxi population has a high brachypterous rate, being similar to the tropical type. On the other hand, tests showed that the lowest survival rate, longer duration of nymphs and the lightest weight of brachypterous female occurred in the $2^{nd}$ generation of BPH after continuously feeding on resistant variety. Physiologically, the highest activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were detected in the second generation of the BPH feeding on resistant rice variety.
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Weijia Cao,Kun Xie,Xiaoyan Wang,Xiangguo Lu,Xin He,Guorui Xu,Xiang Li 한국자원공학회 2020 Geosystem engineering Vol.23 No.4
Water plugging and profile control are becoming increasingly important in water-flooding oilfields. In this study, the experiments were conducted to determine the microscopic mechanisms and effects of water plugging, profile control, and ‘water plugging + profile control’. Initially, the starch graft copolymer and polymer gel used showed only slight changes in viscosity. However, within 12 h, the viscosities exceeded 100,000 mPa·s, which indicated that the two agents had good plugging effects. When the plugging agent was starch graft copolymer, the oil recovery with water plugging was 2% and 0.8% higher than the values for profile control with polymer gel on a heterogeneous core and parallel core, respectively. The recoveries with the ‘water plugging + profile control’ combination for the heterogeneous core and parallel core were 25.9% and 25.5%, respectively, which showed the superior enhanced oil recovery. The mechanism research showed that when the reservoir entered the middle and high water-cut development stages, the residual oil was mainly distributed in the middle- and low-permeability layers near the oil well. Thus, water plugging provided a greater increase in oil recovery. Under the actual demands of the Bohai oilfield, it would be better to adopt a combined water plugging and profile control operation.
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