Seasonal phenology and damage by Singapora shinshana (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) and other leafhoppers on ornamental trees in Korea

Kim Hyun‐guk,Kabir Md. Faisal,An Hyeon Jeong,Mwamula Abraham Okki,Oh Sumin,Jung Sunghoon,Lee Dong Woon 한국곤충학회 2021 Entomological Research Vol.51 No.9

Singapora shinshana is a leafhopper native to mid-Asia with a specific host range and is one of the least studied species within the genus. Recently, the species has been found to cause significant damage to host plants including ornamental trees, normally inflicted by its sucking behavior. This study uncovered more details on host and season preference of S. shinshana, damage potential and symptoms caused by its feeding behavior on ornamental trees in Korea, in addition to other records of other leafhoppers of economic importance. During the sticky trap survey period from 2017 to 2019, 12 leafhopper species were recovered from the eight selected ornamental tree species. Singapora shinshana was the most dominant species, constituting 94.8% of the total collected leafhopper population; with its highest incidence observed on Prunus serrulata, followed by Elaeagnus umbellata and Pseudocydonia sinensis. The high abundance on P. serrulata correlated with high damaged leaf percentages of 94.2%, 95.2%, and 98.1% in October 2017, 2018, and 2019, respectively. Interestingly, in terms of damaged leaf percentage, Rosa hybrida and Zelkova serrata were the second and third most damaged hosts despite the significantly lower population of the leafhopper on these trees. Furthermore, S. shinshana counts increased from late-July to late-September, with the peak evident during early August. Prunus serrulata can therefore be taken as one of the main host plants of S. shinshana. However, the potential of the host to suffer damage is not limited to population densities of the pest alone but also susceptibility and tolerance of the host plant.

고능력 젖소 축군의 집단번식관리프로그램 적용에 의한 번식효율의 개선

노경수,김의형,남현욱,서국현,강현구,김일화 충남대학교 형질전환복제돼지연구센터 2004 논문집 Vol. No.8

We investigated the effect of reproductive herd health program (RHHP) on the reproductive performance in high yielding dairy herds. Data collected from 205 lactations at Boeun County, Chungbuk from April 2001 to Dec. 2003 included postpartum reproductive and metabolic diseases, body condition score (BCS), reproductive performance and milking records. First we compared the reproductive performance of cows without RHHP (pre-RHHP group) and cows with RHHP (RHHP group). Intervals from calving to first service (99.6 vs. 81.8 days) and to conception (160.3 vs. 131.8 days) were shorter in the RHHP group than in the pre-RHHP group. Secondly, we determined the effect of milk yield (305 days) on the occurrence of postpartum diseases, BCS changes, and reproductive performance in cows under RHHP, The occurrence of metritis and metabolic diseases were greater in the over-10,000 kg group than in the under-l0,000 kg group. The over-10,000 kg group lost more body condition than the under-10,000 kg group from calving to month 3 postpartum. Nevertheless, reproductive performance did not differ between the two groups. These results indicate that reproductive performance can be improved by the application of RHHP in high yielding dairy herds and that reproductive performance in the cows under RHHP are not affected by high milk yielding.

독일문학에서의 서정시 개념의 변천에 대한 연구

최국현 淸州大學校 1984 論文集 Vol.17 No.1

Diese kleine Abhandlung zielt auf das Korrigieren des Glaubens an die Subjektivita¨t der Gattung Lyrik. Vor allem babe ich Bernhard Asmuths <Aspekte der Lyrik> beru¨cksichtigt. Um das verbleibende Material u¨berschaubar zu machen, bu¨rdele ich die Fu¨lle der thematischen Mo¨glichkeiten zu einigen nach Gegenstands-bzw. Interessenrichtung unterschiedenen Arten der Lyrik. Diese Arten sind nicht als Scharf voneinander abgrenzbaren Bereiche, sondern eher als Orientierungspunkte im F1uß der geschichtlichen Vera¨nderungen zu begreifen. Und die Reihenfolge ihrer Eesprechung dient dazu, die immer noch verbreitete Vorstellung von der monologisch gefu¨hlvollen Subjektivita¨t der Lyrik stufenweise zu korrigieren. Zuerst babe ich die Objektivita¨t der Lyrik in dem nachromantischen Objektivierungsversuche, na¨mlich, in dem Dinggedicht, in der absoluten Lyrik and konkreter Poesie beweist. Danach babe ich partnerbezcgene Arten der Lyrik als einen entscheidenden Eeweis fu¨r die Objektivita¨t der Lyrik dargestellt. Schließlich halve ich die Mo¨glichkeit, das Lied als eine Grundlage der lyrik darzustellen, u¨berpru¨ft.

수직적 분류에 의한 골격성 Ⅲ급 부정교합자의 측모 특성에 관한 연구

이현경,박영국,정규림 대한치과교정학회 1992 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.22 No.1

This study was aimed to investigate the characteristics & the causative areas of the adult skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusions with different facial divergency. The lateral cephalograms of 80 subjects with skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion from 17 to 29 years of age were classified into 3 groups according to SN-MP angle; hypodivergent group(21.65 ± 3.52。), neutrodivergent group(30.50 ± 2.29。) and hyperdivergent group(40.02 ± 3.98。). The data were gathered by digitizing of the traced cephalograms and were statistically analyzed. The results were as follows: 1. The anterior cranial base of the hyperdivergent group was shortest & tipped upwardly to the FH plane. 2. The maxilla of hyperdivergent group was shortest anteroposteriorly and positioned posteriorly to the anterior cranial base. 3. The degree of the mandibular prognathism in hyperdivergent group was less than the hypodivergent group. The hyperdivergent group showed the downward & backward rotated mandible. 4. The mandibular ramus & body was short & slender in the hyperdivergent group and the gonial angle was greatest in the hyperdivergent group. 5. The temporomandibular joint was positioned more superiorly to the anterior cranial base in the hyperdivergent group. 6. The cranial base, palatal plane, occlusal plane and mandibular plane were diverged in the hyperdivergent group. And this group had a great anterior total facial height, especially anterior lower facial height. 7. The craniofacial characteristics of skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion were critical in the vertical structure than the horizontal.

한국 현대시의 한 흐름 : 은유에서 환유로 From Metaphor Towards Metonymy

강현국 대구교육대학교 2002 論文集 Vol.37 No.-

힐버트 공간 채움 곡선을 이용한 공간 질의 결과 크기 추정

김현국,황환규 강원대학교 정보통신연구소 2003 정보통신논문지 Vol.7 No.-

Spatial query processing in large spatial databases costs very much. Therefore the query result size estimation is required to reduce the cost for the optimized query plan. To this end, we estimate the query result size from the summary data which is obtained by approximating the distribution and characteristics of the spatial data. new spatial partitioning technique based on the Hilbert space filling curve combined with the Equi-Count In this paper, we examine the several existing spatial partitioning techniques such as Equi-Area and Equi-Count partitioning, and R-tree indexing partitioning. We propose apartitioning technique. A variety of experiments demonstarate that the proposed partitioning technique is superior to the existing ones.

「바다 이미지」를 통해 본 한국시의 상상력 연구 : 일제시대를 중심으로

강현국 대구교육대학교 1987 論文集 Vol.23 No.-

북한의 서정시 연구

강현국 大邱敎育大學校 1993 論文集 Vol.28 No.-

일반적으로 우리는 어떤 대상을 있는대로 볼때 그 참뜻을 찾을 수 있다고 생각한다. 그러나 경우에 따라서는 어떤 대상의 참뜻이 보는대로 있기를 희망하거나 보는대로 있으리라 믿고 싶을때가 있다. 한반도의 한쪽에서 유통되고 있는 이른바 북한의 서정시를 읽는 내 마음이그랬다. 이처럼 다분히 주관적이고 감정적인 태도를 취하고 싶은 데에는 몇가지 이유가 있다. 그것은 첫째, 북한시의 판에 박힌 상투성과 간단없는 낙후성 때문이다. 북한시의 작은 갈래들인 송시, 정론시, 풍자시, 서사시, 담시, 가요 등 모든 작품들은 몇가지 유형으로 규격화되고 마침내 당과 수령으로 귀결되는 상투성을 보인다. 또한 북한시의 문화적 수준은 우리의 문화감각으로 볼때 창가와 신시의 수중을 웃돌지 못하는 실정이다. 사정이 이와 같아서 북한시를 있는대로 읽기란 여간 따분하지 않고 그 결과 또한 그게 그것일 터이다. 둘째, 북한시의 실상에대한 객관적인 검토는 몇몇 학자들에 의해 덧보탬이 필요없을 만큼 이루어져 더 이상 할 말이 없기 때문이다.

백서 삼차신경내 신경세포체의 치아이동에 따른 CGRP 면역염색성의 변화

박국필,성재현,박효상 대한치과교정학회 1997 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.27 No.4

이 연구의 목적은 중추신경계에서는 동통의 전달을 조절하며 말초조직에서는 혈관이완, 면역체계의 조절, 탐식기능 조절 등의 염증에 관여되며 골 생성세도 관여하여 치아이동시 중요한 기능을 할 것으로 추측되고 있는 CGRP의 생성장소인 삼차신경절내의 세포체의 크기에 따른 CGRP면역 반응성의 변화를 관찰하여 삼차 신경절내 CGRP면역양성을 띄는 각 크기의 세포들의 치아이동의시간 경과에 따른 반응을 밝혀보고자 하는 것이다. 생후 9주령의 Sprague-Dawley계 백서 30마리를 정상 대조군 6마리, 3시간 교정력 적용군 5마리, 12시간군 4마리, 1일군 5마리, 3일군 5마리, 7일군 5마리로 나누어 실험군은 각 해당 시간동안 상악 우측 제1대구치에 30gm내외의 교정력을 가한 후 희생시켰다. 희생시킨 백서의 삼차 신경절을 적출하여 냉동 절편을 형성한 후 토끼의 항체를 이용하여 면역화학 염색을 시행하였다. 삼차 신경절의 CGRP면역양성 신경세포체를 크기에 따라 소형 (20㎛ 미만), 중형(20-35㎛), 대형(35㎛초과)으로 나누어 교정력 적용시간에 따른 변화를 관찰하였다. 1. 삼차 신경절내 전 신경세포체중 CGRP면역양성 신경세포체가 차지하는 비율은 정상 대조군이 33.0%였으며, 교정력적용후 1일 후에는 24.5%로 감소하였으나 7일 후에는 41.8%로 증가하였다. 2. 정상대조군에서 CGRP면역양성 신경세포체중 소형, 중형, 대형은 각각 51.4%, 44.0%, 4.7%였다. 3. 소형의 CGRP면역양성 신경세포체는 3시간, 12시간 군에서 높게 나타났다. 4. 중형의 CGRP면역양성 신경세포체는 3일, 7일군에서 대형의 CGRP면역양성 신경세포체는 7일군에 높게 나타났다. 위를 종합하여 볼 때 치아이동 초기에는 CGRP면역양성 신경세포체중 소형의 세포가, 후기에는 중형, 대형의 세포가 반응한다는 것을 알 수 있었다. GRP was known as the modulator of pain transmission in central nervous system and local effector to peripheral tissue causing vasodilation, increased blood flow, modulation of immune sysem, stimulation of endothelial cell proliferation, and stimulation of bone formation. Numerous study, therefore, were done to elucidate involvement of CGRP to tooth movement. To investgate the response of CGRP immunoreactive nerve cells according to cell size in trigeminal ganglion during tooth movement, immunohistochemical study was performed using rat. Experimental rats(9 weeks old, 210gm) were divided as six groups(normal(n=6), 3 hour group(n=6), 3 hour group(n=5), 12 hour group(n=4), 1 day group(n=5), 3 day group(n=5), 7 day group(n=5), and were applied orthodontic force (apporximately 30 gm) to upper right maxillary molar. After frozen sections of trigeminal ganglions were immunostained using rabbit antisera, the change of CGRP immunoreactive cells in regard to cell size distribution(small cell(upto 20㎛), medium cell(20-35 ㎛), large cell(above 35㎛) were observed. The results were as follows 1. The percentage of CGRP immunoreactive cells to all nerve cells in trigeminal ganglion was 33.0% in normal control group, was decreased to 24.5% in 1 day group, and was increased to 41.8% in 7 day group. 2. The percentage of small, medium, and large cells expressing CGRP immunoreactivity in normal trigeminal ganglion to all CGRP immunoreactive cells were 51.3%, 44.0%, 4.7%, respectively. 3. The percentage of small cells with CGRP immunoreactivity to all CGRP immunoreactive cells was increased in 3 hour and 12 hour groups. 4. The percentage of medium cells with CGRP immunoreactivity was increased in 3 day and 7 day groups. 5. The percentage of large cells with CGRP immunoreactivity in 7 day group. Conclusively, the small cells with CGRP immunoreactivity in trigeminal ganglion respond to orthodontic force during initial phase of tooth movement, and later the medium and large cells with CGRP immunoreactivity respond.

초등학교 교실에서의 창의적 시 읽기 지도 방안 연구

강현국,정우기 대구교육대학교 2004 論文集 Vol.39 No.-