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Antioxidant Properties of Legumes and Their Morphological Fractions as Affected by Cooking
Hardeep Singh Gujral,Paras Sharma,Neha Gupta,Ali Abbas Wani 한국식품과학회 2013 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.22 No.1
The antioxidant properties of 6 legumes: green gram (Vigna radiate), red kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris),chickpea (Cicer arietinum), red lentil (Lens esculenta),soybean (Glycine max), and moth beans (V. aconitifolia),and their morphological fractions were evaluated before and after cooking. Kidney beans had the highest total phenolic content (8.9 mg ferulic acid equivalents/g), DPPH free radical scavenging activity (38.1%), reducing power (85.5 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents/g), and total flavonoid content (0.9 mg catechin equivalents/g). Highest metal chelating activity was observed for moth beans (93.3%). The antioxidant properties of the seed coat in all the legumes were manifold higher as compared to the whole legume or its respective endosperm and removal of the seed coat significantly reduced the antioxidant activity. Although cooking brought about a reduction in the antioxidant activity of the legumes in majority of the legumes and their fractions, an increase in the metal chelating activity was observed.
Antioxidant Properties of Sand Roasted and Steam Cooked Bengal Gram (Cicer arietinum)
Hardeep Singh Gujral,Paras Sharma,Ritupriya Sharma 한국식품과학회 2013 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.22 No.suppl1
Nine different Bengal gram (Cicer arietinum)cultivars were subjected to sand roasting and steam cooking and the effect on antioxidant properties were evaluated. The control untreated Bengal gram cultivars varied significantly with respect to their antioxidant properties. Both the thermal treatments lead to a significant increase in total phenolic content of up to 54% upon roasting and 97% upon steam cooking, respectively. Similarly, a significant increase in antioxidant activity was also observed by roasting (up to 64.5%) and steam cooking (up to 225%). A significant decrease in total color difference was noticed upon roasting (up to 11%) and steam cooking (up to 21%). The reducing power was increased significantly after roasting and steam cooking,however, steam cooking brought about greater increase in reducing power (up to 109%). Metal chelating activity was increased by up to 91.5% upon roasting and steam cooking. The study revealed that the steam cooking brought about greater increase in total phenolic content,reducing power, and metal chelating activity as compared to roasting.
A Novel technique for the Detection of Mixed Noise in Medical Images using Datamining
Er. Renuka Gujral,Er. Nishi 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.8 No.11
In Digital image processing; many researches have been done on image denoising so far. Nowadays, the noise detection from an image is the most challenging task. Though, the various algorithms introduced for the detection of noise type from a noisy image, but these algorithms work only for detection of single type of noise. To overcome the limitation of the previous built algorithms, we investigate the data mining technique called Support Vector Machine. The SVM is a powerful supervised learning method which is to be used for the detection of mixed noise models. Broadly, this technique detects the different types of noise from a mixed noise image; noise can be either single or mixed type of noise. The different parameters have combined to describe the properties of these different noise models so as to perform the detection. The detecting algorithm has been achieved by applying the SVM on the training dataset of different medical images and further extensive tests are performed on the test dataset for detection of each noise type model. This detection technique clearly outperforms various techniques with the high accuracy of results for different proposed noise models.
Nakuze Chalomba,Meenakshi Gujral 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2016 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2016 No.7
This research study was conducted to explore the association between consumer attitudes and adoption of mobile payment in South Africa. Students of University of Witwatersrand were interviewed to identify their attitudes regarding usefulness, ease of use and risk. The results revealed majority of consumers found mobile payment systems as convenient and saved significant amount of time. Consumer perception of usefulness was found to be significantly associated with adoption. Perceived risk was weakly associated with adoption and perceived ease of use was not associated with adoption. However, introduction of income to moderate the effects of perceived ease of use led to significant positive association with adoption. Similarly when awareness was introduced to moderate the influence of perceived risk, the interaction had a significant positive association with adoption. The outcome of study resulted in improve understanding of consumer adoption of MPS in South Africa.
Patel Bharat K.,Bapat Mihir R.,Gujral Amandeep 대한척추외과학회 2023 Asian Spine Journal Vol.17 No.6
Study Design: Retrospective study.Purpose: To analyze the results and effectiveness of percutaneous screws (PS) with midline microscopic transforaminal decompression (MTFD) technique in reducing adult stiff lytic high-grade spondylolisthesis (HGSL) and compare it with the conventional technique.Overview of Literature: Pedicle screw cannulation and segmental kyphosis negotiation are surgical challenges in HGSL. Open reduction is the preferred approach. PS have the advantage of optimized trajectory and minimized soft tissue exposure. The role of minimally invasive surgery in HGSL remains unknown. We propose a hybrid technique combining PS with MTFD for lytic HGSL.Methods: This study included 25 patients with adult lytic HGSL (Meyerding grade III and IV) operated using a hybrid technique from 2012 to 2015. Data were compared with retrospective data on conventional open reduction (n=23) operated from 2000 to 2015. The minimum follow-up was 5 years. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score and modified Oswestry Disability Index (m-ODI). The spinopelvic and perioperative parameters were recorded. The inter-body fusion and adjacent segment degeneration (ASD) were assessed on radiographs at the final follow-up.Results: The average age in the MTFD and open groups was 45.84±12.70 years (nine males and 16 females) and 49.26±13.33 years (eight males and 15 females), respectively. Further, 22 and three patients in the MTFD group and 19 and four in the open group had grade III and IV listhesis, respectively. The MTFD group demonstrated less operative time, blood loss, and hospital stays than the open group. Significant improvements were observed in VAS and m-ODI in subsequent follow-ups in both groups. The MTFD group fared better at 3 months but outcomes were comparable at the final follow-up. Both techniques were equally effective in restoring spinopelvic parameters. The incidence of ASD is comparable.Conclusions: The technique was proven effective in reducing HGSL. The long-term clinical and radiological outcomes were favorable and comparable with the conventional approach.
Cerci, Juliano J.,Gyö,rke, Tamá,s,Fanti, Stefano,Paez, Diana,Meneghetti, José,Clá,udio,Redondo, Francisca,Celli, Monica,Auewarakul, Chirayu,Rangarajan, Venkatesh,Gujral, Sumeet,G Society of Nuclear Medicine 2014 The Journal of nuclear medicine Vol.55 No.10
<P>Bone marrow is an important extranodal site in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and marrow histology has been incorporated into the new National Comprehensive Cancer Network international prognostic index. Marrow involvement demonstrated histologically confers poor prognosis but is identified by staging PET in more cases. How information from staging PET and biopsy should be combined to optimize outcome prediction remains unclear. <B>Methods:</B> The International Atomic Energy Agency sponsored a prospective international cohort study to better define the use of PET in DLBCL. As a planned subsidiary analysis, we examined the interplay of marrow involvement identified by PET and biopsy on clinical outcomes. <B>Results:</B> Eight countries contributed 327 cases with a median follow-up of 35 mo. The 2-y outcomes of cases with no evidence of marrow involvement (<I>n</I> = 231) were 81% (95% confidence interval [CI], 76%–86%) for event-free survival (EFS) and 88% (83%–91%) for overall survival (OS); cases identified only on PET (<I>n</I> = 61), 81% (69%–89%) for EFS and 88% (77%–94%) for OS; cases indentified only on biopsy (<I>n</I> = 10), 80% (41%–95%) for EFS and 100% for OS; or cases identified by both PET and biopsy (<I>n</I> = 25), 45% (25%–64%) for EFS and 55% (32%–73%) for OS. The hazard ratios for PET-negative/biopsy-negative cases versus PET-positive/biopsy-positive cases were 2.67 (95% CI, 1.48–4.79) for EFS and 3.94 (1.93–8.06) for OS. <B>Conclusion:</B> This large study demonstrates that positive iliac crest biopsy histology only confers poor prognosis for patients who also have abnormal marrow <SUP>18</SUP>F-FDG uptake identified on the staging PET scan. Abnormal <SUP>18</SUP>F-FDG uptake in marrow, when iliac crest biopsy histology is normal, has no adverse effect on outcomes.</P>