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        Temperature-induced Artifacts in Tau Phosphorylation: Implications for Reliable Alzheimer’s Disease Research

        Geoffrey Canet,Emma Rocaboy,Francis Laliberté,Emmanuelle Boscher,Isabelle Guisle,Sofia Diego-Diaz,Parissa Fereydouni-Forouzandeh,Robert A. Whittington,Sébastien S. Hébert,Vincent Pernet,Emmanuel Plane 한국뇌신경과학회 2023 Experimental Neurobiology Vol.32 No.6

        In preclinical research on Alzheimer’s disease and related tauopathies, tau phosphorylation analysis is routinely employed in both cellular and animalmodels. However, recognizing the sensitivity of tau phosphorylation to various extrinsic factors, notably temperature, is vital for experimentalaccuracy. Hypothermia can trigger tau hyperphosphorylation, while hyperthermia leads to its dephosphorylation. Nevertheless, the rapidity of tauphosphorylation in response to unintentional temperature variations remains unknown. In cell cultures, the most significant temperature changeoccurs when the cells are removed from the incubator before harvesting, and in animal models, during anesthesia prior to euthanasia. In this study,we investigate the kinetics of tau phosphorylation in N2a and SH-SY5Y neuronal cell lines, as well as in mice exposed to anesthesia. We observedchanges in tau phosphorylation within the few seconds upon transferring cell cultures from their 37°C incubator to room temperature conditions. However, cells placed directly on ice post-incubation exhibited negligible phosphorylation changes. In vivo, isoflurane anesthesia rapidly resultedin tau hyperphosphorylation within the few seconds needed to lose the pedal withdrawal reflex in mice. These findings emphasize the critical importanceof preventing temperature variation in researches focused on tau. To ensure accurate results, we recommend avoiding anesthesia beforeeuthanasia and promptly placing cells on ice after removal from the incubator. By controlling temperature fluctuations, the reliability and validity oftau phosphorylation studies can be significantly enhanced.

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