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Gebhardt, Julian,Kim, Youngkuk,Rappe, Andrew M. American Chemical Society 2017 JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C - Vol.121 No.12
<P>Layered perovskites open a plethora of possibilities for tuning organometallic halide perovskite (OMHP) properties via the incorporation of larger organic cations. Promising applications of this increased structural freedom include enhanced chemical stability and tunable exciton binding. Owing to the larger cation, crystal and electronic structures vary with layer stacking, having layered bulk and a monolayer as limiting cases. Using ab initio calculations, here we study the atomic and electronic structures of such a layered material, (C6H5C2H4NH3)(2)PbI4, which has recently attracted attention as a promising solar cell material. The reduction of layer thickness between the bulk and a monolayer is investigated and compared to that of the benchmark OMHP, (CH3NH3)PbI3, showing that the bulkier C6H5C2H4NH3 cations largely preserve the two-dimensional nature of the electronic structure in the layered bulk OMHP.</P>
Towards a Comprehensive Catalog of Zebrafish Behavior 1.0 and Beyond
Kalueff, Allan V.,Gebhardt, Michael,Stewart, Adam Michael,Cachat, Jonathan M.,Brimmer, Mallorie,Chawla, Jonathan S.,Craddock, Cassandra,Kyzar, Evan J.,Roth, Andrew,Landsman, Samuel,Gaikwad, Siddharth Mary Ann Liebert 2013 Zebrafish Vol.10 No.1
Asai, Tatsuhiko,Choi, Beom K.,Kwon, Patrick M.,Kim, Won Y.,Kim, Jung D.,Vinay, Dass S.,Gebhardt, Bryan M.,Kwon, Byoung S. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2007 Immunology Vol.121 No.3
<P>Summary</P><P>To explore the roles of 4-1BB (CD137) and CD28 in corneal transplantation, we examined the effect of 4-1BB/4-1BB ligand (4-1BBL) and/or CD28/CD80/CD86 blockade on corneal allograft survival in mice. Allogeneic corneal transplantation was performed between two strains of wild-type (WT) mice, BALB/c and C57BL/6 (B6), and between BALB/c and B6 WT donors and various gene knockout (KO) recipients. Some of the WT graft recipients were treated intraperitoneally with agonistic anti-4-1BB or blocking anti-4-1BBL monoclonal antibody (mAb) on days 0, 2, 4 and 6 after transplantation. Transplanted eyes were observed over a 13-week period. Allogeneic grafts in control WT B6 and BALB/c mice treated with rat immunoglobulin G showed median survival times (MST) of 12 and 14 days, respectively. Allogeneic grafts in B6 WT recipients treated with anti-4-1BB mAb showed accelerated rejection, with an MST of 8 days. In contrast, allogeneic grafts in BALB/c 4-1BB/CD28 KO and B6 CD80/CD86 KO recipients had significantly prolonged graft survival times (MST, 52·5 days and 36 days, respectively). Treatment of WT recipients with anti-4-1BB mAb resulted in enhanced cellular proliferation in the mixed lymphocyte reaction and increased the numbers of CD4<SUP>+</SUP> CD8<SUP>+</SUP> T cells, and macrophages in the grafts, which correlated with decreased graft survival time, whereas transplant recipients with costimulatory receptor deletion showed longer graft survival times. These results suggest that the absence of receptors for the 4-1BB/4-1BBL and/or CD28/CD80/CD86 costimulatory pathways promotes corneal allograft survival, whereas triggering 4-1BB with an agonistic mAb enhances the rejection of corneal allografts.</P>
( Jens Niklas ),( Anne Bonin ),( Stefanie Mangin ),( Joachim Bucher ),( Stephanie Kopacz ),( Madlen Matz-soja ),( Carlo Thiel ),( Rolf Gebhardt ),( Ute Hofmann ),( Klaus Mauch ) 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2012 BMB Reports Vol.45 No.7
Overnutrition is one of the major causes of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD is characterized by an accumulation of lipids (triglycerides) in hepatocytes and is often accompanied by high plasma levels of free fatty acids (FFA). In this study, we compared the energy metabolism in acute steatotic and non-steatotic primary mouse hepatocytes. Acute steatosis was induced by pre-incubation with high concentrations of oleate and palmitate. Labeling experiments were conducted using [U-13C5,U-15N2] glutamine. Metabolite concentrations and mass isotopomer distributions of intracellular metabolites were measured and applied for metabolic flux estimation using transient 13C metabolic flux analysis. FFAs were efficiently taken up and almost completely incorporated into triglycerides (TAGs). In spite of high FFA uptake rates and the high synthesis rate of TAGs, central energy metabolism was not significantly changed in acute steatotic cells. Fatty acid β-oxidation does not significantly contribute to the detoxification of FFAs under the applied conditions. [BMB Reports 2012; 45(7): 396-401]