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Elliot Norton 서울대학교행정대학원 2012 Asian Journal of Political Science Vol.20 No.1
This article examines the inter-related factors that underpin the fragility of Thailand’sdemocracy. Uneven economic development, the high levels of income inequality, andunequal access to power and resources are significant drivers of Thailand’s ongoing politicalconflict. Social divides across classes and regions, and populist exploitation of the rural poor’ssense of alienation from the traditional ruling elites, provide a volatile backdrop to nationalpolitics. In addition, Thailand’s unstable political history and the weakness of liberalinstitutions present risks to its democracy. The army, the revered monarch and the judiciarycomprise elites whose periodic interventions in politics and reservations about electoraldemocracy further render the Thai polity fragile. Thailand’s political situation represents a‘slow-burning’ crisis of democracy: a long-term historical confrontation developing slowly,with the fundamental issues unresolved. It is undergoing a period of social turmoil fuelled bya power struggle between competing material interests and by an ideational contest todetermine the country’s constitutive political rules. This can be conceptualised as a strugglefor control of Thailand’s future between a heterogeneous populist-capitalist movement ofilliberal democracy and conservative forces of undemocratic liberalism.