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Aziman, Eli Syafiqah,Ismail, Aznan Fazli,Muttalib, Nabilla Abdul,Hanifah, Muhammad Syafiq Korean Nuclear Society 2021 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.53 No.9
Rare-earth (RE) industries generate a massive amount of radioactive residue containing high thorium concentrations. Due to the fact that thorium is considered a non-economic element, large volume of these RE processed residues are commonly disposed of without treatment. It is essential to study an appropriate treatment that could reduce the volume of waste for final disposition. To this end, this research investigates the applicability of carbon-based adsorbent in separating thorium from aqueous phase sulphate is obtained from the cracking and leaching process of solid rare-earth by-product residue. Adsorption of thorium from the aqueous phase sulphate by carbon-based electrodes was investigated through electrosorption experiments conducted at a duration of 180 minutes with a positive potential variable range of +0.2V to +0.6V (vs. Ag/AgCl). Through this research, the specific capacity obtained was equivalent to 1.0 to 5.14 mg-Th/g-Carbon. Furthermore, electrosorption of thorium ions from aqueous phase sulphate is found to be most favorable at a higher positive potential of +0.6V (vs. Ag/AgCl). This study's findings elucidate the removal of thorium from the rare-earth residue by carbon-based electrodes and simultaneously its potential to reduce disposal waste of untreated residue.
Muhammad Abdullah Rahmat,Aznan Fazli Ismail,Nursyamimi Diyana Rodzi,Eli Syafiqah Aziman,Wan Mohd Razi Idris,Tukimat Lihan 한국원자력학회 2022 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.54 No.6
The tin tailing processing industry in Malaysia has operated with minimal regard and awareness formaterial management and working environment safety, impacting the environment and workers inaspects of radiation and heavy metal exposure. RIA was conducted where environmental samples wereanalyzed, revealing concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K between the range of 0.1e10.0, 0.0e25.7, and0.1e5.8 Bq/g respectively, resulting in the AED exceeding UNCEAR recommended value and regulationlimit enforced by AELB (1 mSv/y). Raeq calculated indicates that samples collected pose a significantthreat to human health from gamma-ray exposure. Assessment of heavy metal content via pollutionindices of soil and sediment showed significant contamination and enrichment from processing activitiesconducted. As and Fe were two of the highest metals exposed both via soil ingestion with an average of4.6 103 mg/kg-day and 1.4 104 mg/kg-day, and dermal contact with an average of 5.6 104 mg/kg-day and 6.0 104. mg/kg-day respectively. Exposure via accidental ingestion of soil and sedimentcould potentially cause adverse non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health effect towards workers in theindustry. Correlation analysis indicates the presence of a relationship between the concentration ofNORM and trace elements
Economic Analysis of Thorium Extraction from Monazite
Ahmad Hayaton Jamely Mohd Salehuddin,Aznan Fazli Ismail,Che Nor Aniza Che Zainul Bahri,Eli Syafiqah Aziman 한국원자력학회 2019 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.51 No.2
Thorium (232Th) is four times more abundant than uranium in nature and has become a new importantsource of energy in the future. This is due to the ability of thorium to undergo the bombardment ofneutron to produce uranium-233 (233U). The aim of this study is to investigate the production cost ofthorium oxide (ThO2) resulted from the thorium extraction process. Four main parameters were studiedwhich include raw material and chemical cost, total capital investment, direct cost and indirect cost. These parameters were justified to obtain the final production cost for the thorium extraction process. The result showed that the raw material costs were $63,126.00 e$104,120.77 (0.5 ton), $126,252.00 e$178,241.53 (1.0 ton), and $1,262,520.00 e$1,782,415.33 (10.0 tons). The total installed equipment andtotal cost investment were estimated to be approximately $11,542,984.10 and $13,274,431.715 respectively. Hence, the total costs for producing 1 kg ThO2were $6829.79e $6911.78, $3540.95 e $3592.94,and $501.18 e $553.17 for 0.5, 1.0, and 10.0 tons respectively. The result concluded that with higher massproduction, the cost of 1 kg ThO2 would be reduced which in this scenario, the lowest production costwas $501.18 kg 1e $553.17 kg 1 for 10.0 tons of ThO2 production.