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MARKETING ETHICS IN THE 21st CENTURY: IN PURSUIT OF PHRONESIS
Lynne Eagle,Stephan Dahl,David R. Low 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2014 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2014 No.1
Criticisms of marketing now include contributions to unsustainable economic growth, resource depletion and environmental damage. These criticisms are examined in the context of the role of marketing within wider economic activity and the impact of growing calls for sustainability. We note consumers’ roles in sustainability, and contradictions evident in balancing economic growth and sustainability, together with the lack of standard ethical frameworks, codes of ethics that can be applied across cultures and the lack of effective enforcement mechanisms to ensure adherence to any existing codes. The need for cross cultural research to enable these issues to be addressed concludes the paper.
MARKETING ETHICS IN THE 21st CENTURY: IN PURSUIT OF PHRONESIS
Lynne Eagle,Stephan Dahl,David R. Low 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2014 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2014 No.7
Criticisms of marketing now include contributions to unsustainable economic growth, resource depletion and environmental damage. These criticisms are examined in the context of the role of marketing within wider economic activity and the impact of growing calls for sustainability. We note consumers’ roles in sustainability, and contradictions evident in balancing economic growth and sustainability, together with the lack of standard ethical frameworks, codes of ethics that can be applied across cultures and the lack of effective enforcement mechanisms to ensure adherence to any existing codes. The need for cross cultural research to enable these issues to be addressed concludes the paper.
Kim, Gi-Young,Eagle, James N.,Kang, Sung-Jin Military Operations Research Society of Korea 2009 한국국방경영분석학회지 Vol.35 No.1
In this study, the author uses a MATLAB simulation to develop and test a generalization of the traditional Random Search model which allows both the searcher and target to move and to be in different, but overlapping, areas. Also the best evasion speed for a randomly moving target against a Systematic Search is studied.
Evolution of asexual and sexual reproduction in the aspergilli
Ojeda-Ló,pez, M.,Chen, W.,Eagle, C.E.,Gutié,rrez, G.,Jia, W.L.,Swilaiman, S.S.,Huang, Z.,Park, H.-S.,Yu, J.-H.,Cá,novas, D.,Dyer, P.S. CBS Fungal Biodiversity Centre 2018 Studies in mycology Vol.91 No.-
<P><I>Aspergillus nidulans</I> has long-been used as a model organism to gain insights into the genetic basis of asexual and sexual developmental processes both in other members of the genus <I>Aspergillus</I>, and filamentous fungi in general. Paradigms have been established concerning the regulatory mechanisms of conidial development. However, recent studies have shown considerable genome divergence in the fungal kingdom, questioning the general applicability of findings from <I>Aspergillus</I>, and certain longstanding evolutionary theories have been questioned. The phylogenetic distribution of key regulatory elements of asexual reproduction in <I>A. nidulans</I> was investigated in a broad taxonomic range of fungi. This revealed that some proteins were well conserved in the <I>Pezizomycotina</I> (<I>e.g.</I> AbaA, FlbA, FluG, NsdD, MedA, and some velvet proteins), suggesting similar developmental roles. However, other elements (<I>e.g.</I> BrlA) had a more restricted distribution solely in the <I>Eurotiomycetes</I>, and it appears that the genetic control of sporulation seems to be more complex in the aspergilli than in some other taxonomic groups of the <I>Pezizomycotina</I>. The evolution of the velvet protein family is discussed based on the history of expansion and contraction events in the early divergent fungi. Heterologous expression of the <I>A. nidulans abaA</I> gene in <I>Monascus ruber</I> failed to induce development of complete conidiophores as seen in the aspergilli, but did result in increased conidial production. The absence of many components of the asexual developmental pathway from members of the <I>Saccharomycotina</I> supports the hypothesis that differences in the complexity of their spore formation is due in part to the increased diversity of the sporulation machinery evident in the <I>Pezizomycotina</I>. Investigations were also made into the evolution of sex and sexuality in the aspergilli. <I>MAT</I> loci were identified from the heterothallic <I>Aspergillus</I> (<I>Emericella</I>) <I>heterothallicus</I> and <I>Aspergillus</I> (<I>Neosartorya</I>) <I>fennelliae</I> and the homothallic <I>Aspergillus pseudoglaucus</I> (=<I>Eurotium repens</I>). A consistent architecture of the <I>MAT</I> locus was seen in these and other heterothallic aspergilli whereas much variation was seen in the arrangement of <I>MAT</I> loci in homothallic aspergilli. This suggested that it is most likely that the common ancestor of the aspergilli exhibited a heterothallic breeding system. Finally, the supposed prevalence of asexuality in the aspergilli was examined. Investigations were made using <I>A. clavatus</I> as a representative ‘asexual’ species. It was possible to induce a sexual cycle in <I>A. clavatus</I> given the correct <I>MAT1-1</I> and <I>MAT1-2</I> partners and environmental conditions, with recombination confirmed utilising molecular markers. This indicated that sexual reproduction might be possible in many supposedly asexual aspergilli and beyond, providing general insights into the nature of asexuality in fungi.</P>
이중섭,서상태,장한익,배도함,T.C Wang,L.M. Eagle 한국식물병리학회 2004 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.20 No.4
Amendments of a recirculating nutrient solution with potassium silicate were evaluated as a means to control Phytophthora capsici infections on pepper plant (Capsicum annuum L.). Supplying the solutions with 100 or 200 ppm of silicate significantly reduced motility, root decay, and yield losses attributed to infection of P. capsici. Treating inoculated plants with potassium silicate increased root dry weights and number of fruit, especially high-grade fruit. Results were slightly superior to non-inoculated controls. The two varieties, PBC 137 and PBC 602, responded similarly to the treatments. No significant differences were observed between the 100- and 200 ppm silicate treatments. Results were better when greenhouse conditions favored the spread of P. capsici. Silicon alone did not increase pepper yield, suggesting that it acts as a disease suppression agent rather than as a fertilizer. The phenomena by which silicon confers protection against P. capsici infection and disease development are not fully understood, but our results indicate that mechanisms other than a mechanical barrier to fungal penetration are involved.
New Magnetic Anomaly Map of the Antarctic
Golynsky, A. V.,Ferraccioli, F.,Hong, J. K.,Golynsky, D. A.,von Frese, R. R. B.,Young, D. A.,Blankenship, D. D.,Holt, J. W.,Ivanov, S. V.,Kiselev, A. V.,Masolov, V. N.,Eagles, G.,Gohl, K.,Jokat, W.,Da American Geophysical Union 2018 Geophysical research letters Vol.45 No.13