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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Decker, Carole Jane (검색결과 39 건)
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Plant Population Dynamics Under Climate Change: Invasions, Range Shifts, and Resilience
Decker, Robin Roxanne University of California, Davis ProQuest Dissertat 2019 해외박사(DDOD)
Climate-driven environmental changes influence the spatial spread, persistence, and community dynamics of plant populations. Ecological theory has focused on determining which populations will persist and spread in response to these changes and how they will do so. I build on this theory by investigating how climate change affects the mechanisms that influence the spread of invasions, how structured plant populations keep pace with climate change, and if communities of native plants can recover after a biological invasion in the face of climate change. First, I develop a spatial population model to investigate how climate change affects the spread of ecosystem engineers, which are organisms that change the availability of resources in their environment. I apply this model to salt marsh grasses, which engineer their environment by increasing marsh elevation via sediment accumulation. I find that climate-driven sea-level rise reverses the conditions that promote the spread of these ecosystem engineers. Next, I develop a spatial model of a stage-structured plant population, which shifts in response to climate change. I use this model to determine if older trees left behind when the habitat shifts play any ecological role in the population. I find that these zombie forests are critical to the persistence of the population, dispersing seeds into the core population as it moves. Finally, I investigate how a series of extreme climate events, including drought, fire, and extreme precipitation, affect the ability of native plant communities to recover after removal of an invasive species. Analyzing seven years of field data, I find that the recovery of native plant communities after invader removal is resilient to major climate perturbations. Together, these studies identify conditions and mechanisms that limit the spread of plant invasions and promote the persistence of vulnerable plant populations in the face of climate change.
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Decker, Marc David The University of Iowa 2013 해외박사(DDOD)
Gordon Jacob's (1895-1984) Old Wine in New Bottles (1959) and More Old Wine in New Bottles (1977) are regularly performed works within the canon of chamber wind repertoire. Composed for thirteen instruments, the original work and its sequel are a reflection of Jacob's refined compositional style, which emphasizes unique textures, clear formal structures, and recognizable folk melodies. Gordon Jacob was a British composer from Upper Norwood, London. During his youth he studied piano and took up percussion in order to join his school band and orchestra. After serving in the First World War, Jacob enrolled at the Royal College of Music (RCM) where he studied composition with Ralph Vaughan Williams and Sir Charles Villiers Stanford. Shortly after graduation, he was offered an instructor position at the RCM. He remained on faculty for forty-two years, instructing many musicians who would later become internationally recognized composers, including Imogen Holst, Sir Malcolm Arnold, and Philip Cannon. As a composer, he has approximately four-hundred works to his name and is best known in the area of wind band for his compositions William Byrd Suite (1922), An Original Suite (1928), Music for a Festival (1951), Flag of Stars (1954), and Giles Farnaby Suite (1967). This study is an analysis of and conductor's guide for two of Jacob's chamber works that have not been the subject of any previous scholarly publications. The opening chapters include a brief biography of the composer emphasizing the musical developments of his youth, his achievements as an educator, and a discussion of his compositional style. The following two chapters delve into Old Wine in New Bottles and More Old Wine in New Bottles, respectively. Each includes an original historical account of the piece, discussion of the preexisting folk music, theoretical analysis, and suggestions for the conductor. This study is intended to assist conductors in the score-study and preparation process, leading to more effective rehearsals and informed performances.
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Decker, Carole Jane The University of Kansas 2004 해외박사(DDOD)
Involving patients in decisions about care they receive has been shown to decrease limitations on functional ability imposed by disease (Greenfield, Kaplan, & Ware, 1985). Individualizing information clinicians share with patients can be daunting because of large amounts of available patient data and overwhelming amounts of research and clinical literature. The study purpose was to determine a parsimonious set of factors statistically valid in predicting outcomes for Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) patients incorporating potential differences for three treatment modalities (medical management, interventional, or surgery). Outcomes of interest were symptom frequency, physical function, quality of life, and survival. A secondary analysis of 629 selected patient and clinical variables was performed on an existing database of 1,199 ACS patients. Data reduction was accomplished by: (a) a priori literature review reduced the dataset to 129 variables; (b) review of data distributions for missing data resulted in 79 variables; (c) univariate analysis of independent variables by outcome (p ≤ .01) yielded 41 variables; and (d) logistic and general linear multivariable regression models using p ≤ .01 to remain in the model. Fifteen final variables remained in the four models predicting health status and survival. The models were moderately strong (adjusted R2 = .390 to .417, c-statistic = .702 to .789). Variables predictive of outcomes were: (a) angina frequency included age, avoid care due to costs, SF-12 PCS, history of asthma and COPD; (b) physical function included exercise, SF-12 MCS, ACS classification, history of MI, history of diabetes, and history of asthma and COPD, admission hematocrit; (c) quality of life included age, Caucasian, avoid care due to costs, not having a doctor, SF-12 PCS, history of MI, history of asthma and COPD; and (d) survival included age, PHQ depression, ejection fraction, admission pulse. Variables common to three of four models were age and history of asthma and COPD. A combination of statistical and clinical approaches successfully reduced a large dataset to a parsimonious and statistically valid set of variables that predicted health status outcomes and survival. Ultimately, these models could be used by clinicians during the decision making process.
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Lawyers for Reagan the conservative litigation movement and American government, 1971-87
Decker, Jefferson Columbia University 2009 해외박사(DDOD)
In the early 1970s, a group of activists and attorneys on the right began to mobilize for political change by forming a group of non-profit, "public-interest" law firms devoted to challenging the power of liberalism through the courts. In the 1980s, many of these same activists staffed the administration of President Ronald Reagan, in some cases running the very executive-branch departments they had spent the previous decade suing in court. In the course of moving from gadfly critics to Washington insiders, this group of lawyers helped to develop the law of property rights and civil liberties in the United States and created a distinctive role for conservative legal activism in American politics. And by helping set public policy during the Reagan years, they helped to define how American conservatives would govern when in power.
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