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        Contributions of Rare Earth Element (La,Ce) Addition to the Impact Toughness of Low Carbon Cast Niobium Microalloyed Steels

        Hadi Torkamani,Shahram Raygan,Carlos Garcia Mateo,Jafar Rassizadehghani,Yahya Palizdar,David San-Martin 대한금속·재료학회 2018 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.24 No.4

        In this research Rare Earth elements (RE), La and Ce (200 ppm), were added to a low carbon cast microalloyed steel todisclose their infl uence on the microstructure and impact toughness. It is suggested that RE are able to change the interactionbetween the inclusions and matrix during the Solidification process (comprising peritectic transformation), which couldaff ect the microstructural features and consequently the impact property; compared to the base steel a clear evolution wasobserved in nature and morphology of the inclusions present in the RE-added steel i.e. (1) they changed from MnS-based to(RE,Al)(S,O) and RE(S)-based; (2) they obtained an aspect ratio closer to 1 with a lower area fraction as well as a smalleraverage size. Besides, the microstructural examination of the matrix phases showed that a bimodal type of ferrite grain sizedistribution exists in both base and RE-added steels, while the mean ferrite grain size was reduced from 12 to 7 μm andthe bimodality was redressed in the RE-added steel. It was found that pearlite nodule size decreases from 9 to 6 μm in theRE-added steel; however, microalloying with RE caused only a slight decrease in pearlite volume fraction. After detailedfractography analyses, it was found that, compared to the based steel, the signifi cant enhancement of the impact toughnessin RE-added steel (from 63 to 100 J) can be mainly attributed to the Differences observed in the nature of the inclusions, theferrite grain size distribution, and the pearlite nodule size. The presence of carbides (cementite) at ferrite grain boundariesand probable change in distribution of Nb-nanoprecipitation (promoted by RE addition) can be considered as other reasonsaff ecting the impact toughness of steels under investigation.

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