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Vulnerable Erwachsene und Gewaltprävention in Deutschland
Dagmar Brosey 한국후견·신탁연구센터 2018 후견과 신탁 Vol.1 No.1
The topic of violence against older vulnerable people has recently received more attention. There are many measures and services for vulnerable people and those proposals are implemented extensively. In this study, it is defined the meaning of violence against vulnerable people and vulnerable people and reviewed policies and services for the protection of vulnerable adults in Germany.
Urgast, Dagmar S,Ellingsen, Dag G,Berlinger, Bal?zs,Eilertsen, Einar,Friisk, Grete,Skaug, Vidar,Thomassen, Yngvar,Beattie, John H,Kwun, In-Sook,Feldmann, J?rg Springer-Verlag 2012 Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry Vol.404 No.1
<P>In recent years, bismuth has been promoted as a 'green element' and is used as a substitute for the toxic lead in ammunition and other applications. However, the bioavailability and toxicity of bismuth is still not very well described. Following a hunting accident with bismuth-containing shots, a bioavailability study of bismuth from metal pellets inoculated into rat limb muscles was carried out. Bismuth could be found in urine and blood of the animals. Bio-imaging using laser ablation ICP-MS of thin sections of the tissue around the metal implant was carried out to find out more about the distribution of the metal diffusing into the tissue. Two laser ablation systems with different ablation cell designs were compared regarding their analytical performance. Low concentrations of bismuth showing a non-symmetrical pattern were detected in the tissue surrounding the metal implant. This was partly an artefact from cutting the thin sections but also bio-mobilisation of the metals of the implant could be seen. An accumulation of zinc around the implant was interpreted as a marker of inflammation. Challenges regarding sample preparation for laser ablation and bio-imaging of samples of diverse composition became apparent during the analysis.</P>
Mahmoud Mageed,Dagmar Berner,Henriette Julke,Christian Hohaus,Walter Brehm,Kerstin Gerlach 한국실험동물학회 2013 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.29 No.4
Sheep are commonly used as a model for human spinal orthopaedic research due to their similarity in morphological and biomechanical features. This study aimed to document the volumes of vertebral bodies and compare the generated results as well as morphometry of the sheep lumbar spine to human published data. For this purpose, computed tomography scans were carried out on five adult Merino sheep under general anaesthesia. Transverse 5 mm thick images were acquired from L1 to L6 using a multi-detector-row helical CT scanner. Volume measurements were performed with dedicated software. Four spinal indices and Pavlov’s ratio were calculated. Thereafter, the generated data were compared to published literature on humans. The mean vertebral body volume showed an increase towards the caudal vertebrae, but there were no significant differences between the vertebral levels (P>0.05). Compared to humans, sheep vertebral body volumes were 48.6% smaller. The comparison of absolute values between both species revealed that sheep had smaller, longer and narrower vertebral bodies, thinner intervertebral discs, narrower spinal canal, longer transverse processes, shorter dorsal spinous processes and narrower, higher pedicles with more lateral angulations. The comparison of the spinal indices showed a good similarity to human in terms of the vertebral endplates and spinal canal. The results of this study may be helpful for using the sheep as a model for human orthopaedic spinal research if anatomical differences are taken into account.
Inhomogeneity of CoCrW powder products manufactured by SLM technology
Anna Guzanová,Dagmar Draganovská,Gabriela Ižaríková,Janette Brezinová,Viktória Rajťúková,Jozef Živčák,Radovan Hudák,Erik Janoško,Róbert Moro 대한기계학회 2021 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.35 No.10
The article deals with selective laser melting process using CoCrW powder. Our aim was to identify the influence of product position on the building platform and the re-use of powder on roughness, hardness, porosity and corrosion properties of materials, made under uniform process parameters. Roughness was tested with a stylus profilometer, corrosion resistance by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and linear polarization. Porosity was assessed by image analysis on metallographic sections taken in two mutually perpendicular directions. The same metallographic sections were used to measure microhardness. The results confirmed a statistically significant dependence of the surface roughness with the position on the platform as well as with the recycling of the powder used. The corrosion resistance of the materials was excellent. Increased porosity values and lower hardness occurred in the middle of the building platform. The reason for the variation of the properties within the building platform can be seen in the unequal laser input energy in the individual positions of the plate.
Morphometrical dimensions of the sheep thoracolumbar vertebrae as seen on digitised CT images
Mahmoud Mageed,Dagmar Berner,Henriette Julke,Christian Hohaus,Walter Brehm,Kerstin Gerlach 한국실험동물학회 2013 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.29 No.3
The sheep spine is widely used as a model for preclinical research in human medicine to test new spinal implants and surgical procedures. Therefore, precise morphometric data are needed. The present study aimed to provide computed tomographic (CT) morphometry of sheep thoracolumbar spine. Five adult normal Merino sheep were included in this study. Sheep were anaesthetised and positioned in sternal recumbency. Subsequently, transverse and sagittal images were obtained using a multi-detector-row helical CT scanner. Measurements of the vertebral bodies, pedicles, intervertebral disc and transverse processes were performed with dedicated software. Vertebral bodies and the spinal canal were wider than they were deep, most obviously in the lumbar vertebrae. The intervertebral discs were as much as 57.4% thicker in the lumbar than in the thoracic spine. The pedicles were higher and longer than they were wide over the entire thoracolumbar spine. In conclusion, the generated data can serve as a CT reference for the ovine thoracolumbar spine and may be helpful in using sheep spine as a model for human spinal research.
Maw Maw Tun,Dagmar Juchelkova 대한환경공학회 2019 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.24 No.4
Nowadays, drying methods for municipal solid waste quality improvement have been adopted in the developed and developing countries to valorize wastes for a renewable energy source, reduce dependency on fossil fuel and keep safer disposal at landfills. Among them, biodrying, biostabilization, thermal drying and solar drying are the most common. Drying of municipal solid waste could offer several environmental and economic benefits. Therefore, this review highlighted the drying methods for municipal solid waste quality improvement around the world and compared them based on the reduction of moisture, weight and volume of municipal solid wastes against drying temperature and time by using statistical analysis. It was observed that the drying temperature of different drying methods accounted for 115 ± 40℃ for thermal drying, 59 ± 37℃ for solar drying, 55 ± 15℃ for biodrying and 58 ± 11℃ for biostabilization. Among the drying methods, thermal drying provided the shortest drying time. The moisture reduction, weight reduction, volume reduction and heating value increase of municipal solid waste could vary with drying temperature and time. Finally, the benefits and drawbacks of different drying methods were specified, and recommendations were made for the future efficient drying.
Effect of Initial Melting Temperature on Crystallization of Polypropylene/Organoclay Nanocomposites
Petr Svoboda,Krunal Trivedi,Dagmar Svobodova,Pavel Mokrejs,Karel Kolomaznik 한국고분자학회 2012 Macromolecular Research Vol.20 No.7
Polypropylene (PP) nanocomposites were prepared by melt intercalation using an intermeshing co-rotating twin-screw extruder. The influence of organoclay (Cloisite 20A) and maleic anhydride modified polypropylene (PPMA)on various properties was explored. The effect of the initial melting temperature on crystallization kinetics was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and optical microscopy. DSC has revealed a gradual decrease in crystallization kinetics with an increase in initial melting temperature for two-component systems (PP/PP-MA and PP/20A). However, in the case of a three-component system (PP/PP-MA/20A), the decrease of crystallization kinetics in the range of initial melting temperature being 200-240 oC was followed by an increase in the temperature range 240-260 oC. After initial melting at 250 oC, many spherulites were discovered in the three-component system. This unusual crystallization behavior was explained with the help of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR),where an increase in the Si-O peak with the increasing initial melting temperature was detected, which indicates the presence of large surface of clay layers. The morphology of nanocomposites was also investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis has revealed a decrease in the peak intensity with an increase in initial melting temperature, which suggests exfoliation caused by fast diffusion at high temperatures.