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Lee, Kyung-Ah,Cho, Kyu-Chan,Kim, Boram,Jang, In-Hwan,Nam, Kibum,Kwon, Young Eun,Kim, Myungjin,Hyeon, Do Young,Hwang, Daehee,Seol, Jae-Hong,Lee, Won-Jae Elsevier 2018 Cell host & microbe Vol.23 No.3
<P><B>Summary</B></P> <P>DUOX, a member of the NADPH oxidase family, acts as the first line of defense against enteric pathogens by producing microbicidal reactive oxygen species. DUOX is activated upon enteric infection, but the mechanisms regulating DUOX activity remain incompletely understood. Using <I>Drosophila</I> genetic tools, we show that enteric infection results in “pro-catabolic” signaling that initiates metabolic reprogramming of enterocytes toward lipid catabolism, which ultimately governs DUOX homeostasis. Infection induces signaling cascades involving TRAF3 and kinases AMPK and WTS, which regulate TOR kinase to control the balance of lipogenesis versus lipolysis. Enhancing lipogenesis blocks DUOX activity, whereas stimulating lipolysis via ATG1-dependent lipophagy is required for DUOX activation. <I>Drosophila</I> with altered activity in TRAF3-AMPK/WTS-ATG1 pathway components exhibit abolished infection-induced lipolysis, reduced DUOX activation, and enhanced susceptibility to enteric infection. Thus, this work uncovers signaling cascades governing inflammation-induced metabolic reprogramming and provides insight into the pathophysiology of immune-metabolic interactions in the microbe-laden gut epithelia.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Enteric infection stimulates pro-catabolic signaling in the gut epithelia </LI> <LI> Infection induces metabolic reprogramming of gut epithelia toward lipid catabolism </LI> <LI> Gut metabolic reprogramming is required for DUOX activity and resistance to infection </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical Abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Reliability and Validity of Knee Joint Angles of the Elderly Measured Using Smartphones
Daehee Lee,Seulki Han 국제물리치료연구학회 2020 Journal of International Academy of Physical Ther Vol.11 No.3
Background: With the increasing elderly population, the need for gait analysis of these elderly individuals is also increasing. Most devices are costly and not portable; however, smartphones using built-in sensors capable of measuring motion and are easily available. Objectives: To examine the reliability and validity of knee joint angles of the elderly using smartphone measurements during walking. Design: Quasi-experimental research. Methods: Sixteen elderly people, aged 65+ and living in Daejeon and Chungbuk, South Korea, participated in the study. Electrogoniometers and smartphones were attached to the thigh and the side and front of the shank of each subject, respectively, using double-sided tape, an arm band, and an elastic band. Each subject completed two sets of at least seven gait cycles (14 steps). Results: Both the smartphones and electrogoniometers exhibited high agreement in terms of their primary and secondary measurements (ICC>.75). The agreement between the smartphones and electrogoniometers was also high in terms of both the primary and secondary measurements (ICC<.60). Conclusion: These results indicate that smartphones can be costly equipment cannot, even though they cannot completely replace existing clinical-grade devices. Their utility is emphasized herein for measuring knee joint angles of the elderly during walking.
Lee, Daehee,Wu, Mihye,Kim, Dong-Hyun,Chae, Changju,Cho, Min Kyung,Kim, Ji-Young,Lee, Sun Sook,Choi, Sungho,Choi, Youngmin,Shin, Tae Joo,Chung, Kyung Yoon,Jeong, Sunho,Moon, Jooho American Chemical Society 2017 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.9 No.26
<P>The initial reversible capacity, a critical impediment in transition metal oxide-based anodes, is augmented in conversion-reaction-involved CoO anodes for lithium-ion batteries, by incorporating a chemically synthesized Ag nanophase. With an increase in the added amount of Ag nanophase from 5 to 15 wt %, the initial capacity loss decreases linearly up to 31.7%. The Ag nanophase maintains its pristine metallic nature without undergoing phase transformations, even during repeated vigorous electrochemical reactions of the active CoO phase. Complementary ex situ chemical/physical analyses suggest that the Ag nanophase promotes the catalytic generation of reversible gel-like/polymeric films wherein lithium ions are stored capacitively in the low-voltage region below 0.7 V during discharging. These scientific findings would provide a heretofore unrecognized pathway to resolving a major issue associated with the critical irreversibility in conversion-type transition metal oxide anodes.</P>