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First report of Bradysia difformis (Diptera: Sciaridae) Damage to Phalaenopsis orchid in China
Qun Xin Han,Dong Mei Cheng,Juan Luo,Cui Zuan Zhou,Qing Sheng Lin,Mei Mei Xiang 한국응용곤충학회 2015 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.18 No.1
Phalaenopsis orchid is among the most valuable ornamental flowering plants in the world. Since visible damage substantially decreases its amenity, limited damage is allowed in its production. An unknown insect species (Diptera: Sciaridae)was found to cause serious damage to the seedling of the Phalaenopsis orchid in greenhouses in Guangdong, China. The insect occurred in high populations in almost all greenhouses that grow Phalaenopsis orchid and the number of sciarid adults trapped on a yellow sticky card could reach as many as 303 in 24 h. An effectivemanagement strategy on any pest requires an accurate identification. Therefore, it is urgent to identify this pest correctly to mitigate its damage to the industry. Damage to Phalaenopsis orchid and morphological characteristics of the pest was described in this study. Molecular analyses based on the 488-bp portion of the mitochondrialDNA fromthe cytochrome oxidase I(mt COI) regionwere conducted to supplementmorphological characteristics in identifying this pest. Bothmorphological characteristics and phylogenetic tree constructedwith mt COI genes identified this sciarid as Bradysia difformis Frey, 1948 (= Bradysia paupera Tuomikoski, 1960) (Diptera: Sciaridae). A literature search indicated that B. difformis has been a common pest of greenhouse and forestry nurseries in Europe and South Africa. Our study is the first record of B. difformis damaging Phalaenopsis orchid in China.
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