Adult learning and collaboration in a school culture

Colbert, Elizabeth Mary Columbia University Teachers College 2001 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

This is a case study of a small, urban, public, K–3 elementary school. Using an action research design, it focuses on how the school's staff collaborated to solve the challenge of adding grade four. Specifically, the study sought to (a) document how the teachers and administrators at Parkview Elementary described the process of learning from collaborative workplace experiences and (b) identify the organizational systems, beliefs, and values that impeded or enabled learning from collaborative experiences. This was a collaborative research project employing two researchers in the study of the school over a nine-month period. The qualitative research interview was the primary method of data collection. Each participant was scheduled to be interviewed a minimum of three times and to participate in two group interviews. A second source of data was the participants' learning journals. Approximately 20 minutes of each biweekly planning meeting was used for the participants to complete, in writing, a standard set of questions, or prompts, included in their learning journals. A third source of data came from videotapes of the problem solving activity and the biweekly planning meetings. A fourth source of data came from observation of meetings, formal and informal. Each researcher maintained field notes from these observations in her researcher's journal. The literature has documented results of collaboration and the benefits of collaborative organizational cultures. Yet, there is a gap in the literature on collaboration in schools that documents how educators learn from experience in collaborative processes and how school culture enables or impedes learning from experience. This study yields a set of recommendations that points to ways to structure an organization to support a community of worker-learners and points to ways to build collaborative work and learning skills. Specifically, recommendations for organizational structures and skill-building that facilitate collaboration and workplace learning are made in the areas of talking, watching, reflection, work related sharing, perspective sharing, and trust.

The Other Sephardic Diaspora: Feminine Representations of Sephardic Identity in the Early Modern Atlantic World

Colbert, Emily University of California, Irvine 2012 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

I explore, in both fictional and historical works the complex construction and representation of the "Jew" as both Spanish and colonial other in the Iberian Diaspora. Following different converso female figures my dissertation travels between England, Spain, Italy, and ends across the Atlantic in New Spain. By moving converso Jews from the margin to the center and analyzing this subgroup through the narrower lens of female identity and practice, my dissertation demonstrates the need to re-think the boundaries of Iberia in the Early Modern world as well as female contribution to the preservation of Jewish rituals. I examine how a series of texts engage with the issues of religious and gender identity. Male authors use female protagonists to explore their relationships to a changing society and burgening modern world. They use the female body as a blank space to project and inscribe social ideals. At the same time, these women use their bodies and bodily practices to speak back and create identity. I explore in detail the material practices surrounding the body including clothing, food, and language. These practices reveal the center of female power and the importance of the home in the continuity of tradition and maintenance of Jewish ritual and converso identity. I show in Chapter 1 how Isabel from La espanola inglesa is a projection of feminine ideals, how in Chapter 2 La Celestina and La Lozana Andaluza in Chapter 3 use their body to speak back against ideals of female subservience, and Isabel de Carvajal in Chapter 4 uses her body to observe crypto-Jewish religious practices. As these figures all struggle with boundaries and liminal spaces, I show crypto-Jewish practice to be a hybrid combination of Jewish and Catholic traditions. As I analyze the female protagonists from La espanola inglesa, La Celestina, La Lozana Andaluza, and the Inquisition manuscripts of Isabel de Carvajal, an alternative discourse is created which challenges patriarchal and hegemonic centers of power. Located on different corners of the Sephardic Diaspora in the Early Modern period, these figures reveal different ways of belonging and aspects of identity that normally go unnoticed.

Telework as Part of a Business Continuity Strategy: A Path toward Organizational Resilience

Colbert, Carrie J University of Maryland University College 2011 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

This paper explores the impact an established telework program included in a Business Continuity Plan (BCP) has on the resiliency of an organization during and after an unexpected event. Two important realities are beginning to force old management traditions to evolve and transform. First, distance-spanning technologies challenge "same time, same place" models of work. Second, and most important, business interruptions and work stoppages are crucial to an organization's productivity. A changing world demands new ways of using our digital infrastructure to survive in business. Natural disasters, terrorist attacks, and unexpected business crises have the capacity to change the way businesses and societies function. This study utilizes literature from to the areas of telework, business continuity, and resilience, along with real-world business cases relating to the three areas of focus. The literature chosen provides insight into the impact a telework strategy integrated into an organizations BCP has on an organization's ability to maintain business functions during and after an unexpected event. The paper defines telework and discusses the benefits and issues related to a telework program, and defines the concept of business continuity, making the argument that an established telework program is a critical component of a BCP in continuing business operations during a crisis: keeping an organization's reputation and assets intact. The review of literature and supporting real-world business cases resulted in four findings: (1) management resistance in telework adoption exists, (2) a BCP ensures essential functions during an unexpected event and it is crucial for organizations to be prepared for all types of disasters, (3) telework as part of a BCP is a proactive management approach to disaster planning, and (4) resilient organizations are prepared to continue operations during and after an unexpected event. The study also presents a conceptual model that shows that when needed, executing telework within a BCP will decrease downtime and minimize the impact of a business interruption during a crisis, which leads to less lost revenue, less disruption of operations and improved responsiveness to customers.

Functional health literacy, medication-taking self-efficacy and HIV medication adherence

Colbert, Alison Merece University of Pittsburgh 2007 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

Health literacy has been shown to be related to multiple health outcomes and may be an issue of great importance in the management of a chronic and complicated disease like HIV. Functional health literacy (FHL) may be a factor that affects medication adherence in people living with HIV/AIDS. This study sought to describe FHL in people living with HIV/AIDS who are taking antiretroviral medication and to investigate functional health literacy and medication taking self-efficacy as possible predictors of HIV medication adherence. Additionally, the study explored the relationship between FHL and selected variables from SCT. This secondary data analysis was a cross-sectional descriptive study. The sample included 335 individuals living with HIV who were taking antiretroviral medications. Measures of central tendency and variance were used to describe continuous variables. Bivariate analyses and logistic regression were conducted to examine the univariate relationships between and among the key variables of interest. Multivariate logistic regression was used to jointly examine potential predictors of adherence. Overall, 10.4% (n=35) of the participants were classified as having inadequate/marginal FHL. Race, educational level, and the interaction between race and educational level predicted FHL in this sample. Sixty seven percent (n=223) of participants had adherence rates less than 85%, based on days with correct intake. In bivariate analysis, FHL was not significantly related to medication adherence, although there was a non-significant trend suggesting that people with lower FHL may demonstrate lower adherence (chi2 = 3.17, p=.075). FHL was also not related to self-efficacy beliefs. In multivariate logistic regression, non-white participants, people with lower self-efficacy beliefs, and younger individuals were more likely to demonstrate poorer adherence. Using multivariate logistic regression, medication adherence was significantly related to mental health functioning, role of state of mind in controlling illness, negative self-image related to HIV-stigma, and two interaction terms (mental health functioning and negative self-image related to HIV-stigma; personalized stigma and FHL), after controlling for race and age. The proportion of people with lower FHL was lower than expected. Further research is needed to fully understand the scope and breadth of FHL issues for people living with HIV. Further research is needed to understand the disparate findings related to FHL and treatment adherence. Finally, these results indicate that there remains much work to be done in identifying true predictors of medication adherence in people living with HIV.

Reading the ideology of domesticity: Woman, identity, and the market in Restoration Madrid (Spain, Benito Perez Galdos, Emilia Pardo Bazan)

Colbert, Maria Harvard University 2005 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

During the last quarter of the nineteenth century, Spain approached modernity in a belated and uneven manner. A burgeoning middle class struggled at the threshold between two orders, unwilling to sever ties with a hierarchical and traditional system even as a new liberal order with unknown freedoms and responsibilities materialized before their eyes. The Spanish capital was a space of particular conflict and contradiction, seat of the monarchy restored in 1875 and the site of major urban transformation and an incipient consumer revolution. In this thesis I examine the consumer revolution as source of modern anxiety that called into question accepted definitions of gender and class. As the industrial revolution divided public and private spheres into gendered spaces, an ideology of domesticity permeated the collective Spanish imagination. The model of the angel del hogar was promoted both in widely read behavior manuals, which explicitly targeted middle-class woman, and in popular sentimental literature. It is my contention that the domestic angel trope became a myth critical to the construction of middle-class identity; that it was used to forge an imagined solidarity among disparate members; and that in marriage, woman came to be viewed as a remedy to the emerging dangers of modernization, in particular a family's financial insecurity and material immoderation. Locking woman in her house, it rendered the home the nursery of the nation, and woman its self-sacrificing guardian. However, several realists, in particular Benito Perez Galdos and Emilia Pardo Bazan, responded to the foundational myth with contemporaneous critiques of the angel del hogar's assumptions and problematic ideology. As they revise the myth in the context of late nineteenth-century Madrid, their narratives challenge the fragile image of middle-class stability. In the process, they fashion a different portrait of Spain as a modern nation: diverse and incoherent.

Tillage effects on soil physical properties of a Typic Kanhapludult and growth and development of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) (South Carolina)

Colbert, Stephen Rodger North Carolina State University 2001 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

Soil physical properties of a Typic Kanhapludult in the South Carolina Piedmont were evaluated three years following disking and ripping. Neither treatment had a significant effect on soil bulk density (Db) or total porosity (F) within the volume of soil hypothetically impacted (surface soil for disking and subsoil for ripping). Slight reductions in Db and increases in F within surface soil adjacent to the planted row associated with disking did not extend beyond 30 cm from planted row. Disking increased Db and microporosity at depths below 20 cm and significantly reduced mechanical impedance (MI) in the surface 0 to 10 cm. Ripping increased mesoporosity in soil immediately surrounding the rip at all depths except surface. However, ripping had no significant effect on F at any depth in the planted row, primarily due to concomitant reductions in microporosity. Ripping significantly reduced MI at all depths in planted row. At 100 cm from planted row, ripping resulted in higher MI in the surface 30 cm of soil. Tillage had no significant effect on survival of planted loblolly pine. Ripping significantly increased two-year height, while disking had no significant effect. Height growth response averaged 0.1 m for both tillage treatments after the third and fourth growing seasons. Ripping resulted in an over 100% increase in root density relative to control plots. Disking had no significant effect on root density, although disked plots averaged 40% more roots than controls. Field determinations of Db using two hammer-driven samplers (Ruark and Uhland) were compared. Sampling method accounted for only 5% of variability in Db, while depth was responsible for 43%. Method, depth, and method <italic>x</italic> depth interaction had no significant effects on either the mean or standard deviation of Db. However, Db was significantly greater for Uhland than Ruark sampler below a depth of 15 cm. The Ruark sampler required approximately 42% less time than Uhland, due mainly to differences in field sampling procedures.

An analysis of the presentation of women in five high school world history textbooks

Colbert-Lewis, Sean Christopher Dudley University of Virginia 2005 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

This dissertation examines five high school world history textbooks for the presentation of women in four major world history themes: Ancient Greece, the Roman and Byzantine Empires, Ancient Egypt, and the Fertile Crescent and Mesopotamian Civilizations. The five textbooks chosen for research sample includes World History: People & Nations, World History: The Human Experience, World History: Patterns of Interaction, World History, and World History: Connections to Today. This study employs both qualitative and quantitative research methods through the use of content analysis. Content analysis has long been a method that social studies and multicultural educators use to analyze textbooks for the presentation of women and other diverse groups. This content analysis of textbooks outlines the significance of critical pedagogy, as a theory and application, to teaching world history. As a research tool, content analysis has caused much controversy because it incorporates elements of both the qualitative and quantitative methods of research. This duality is inherent in the creation of the evaluative criteria called the Criteria for Evaluating World History Textbooks (Criteria) that serves as the coding mechanism that analyzes four things: (1) The gender dynamic of the persons who work behind the scenes in making the textbooks (authors and consultants). (2) The presentation of women in sentences. (3) The presentation of women in illustrations. (4) The roles the illustrations portray women as having. The analysis of the five world history textbooks through the Criteria reveals that in numbers, the men received more representation than women statistically when it comes to their presentation in sentences and illustrations. This finding comes despite the fact that women had a near equal role in authoring the five textbook and reviewing them as consultants. The textbooks, however, varied in quality regarding how the illustrations in the five textbooks presented the roles women held. Multicultural and feminist educators alike have made the call for the creation of history textbooks that contain information that will incorporate the diverse perspectives of students based on gender, race, class, etc. Research has shown that textbooks serve as the main medium of historical access for students, and the information, regardless of quality, students choose to take out of these textbooks will help them determine historical significance. This study also reviews the complex socio-economic process involved in creating history textbooks and how certain groups (interest groups, state adoption committees, and state boards of education) influence what information is placed in them. Moreover, research has shown that students tend to view teachers as the history experts, and the students will also determine the significance of history based on their teachers' perspectives. These findings have led feminist scholars, both men and women, to advocate critical pedagogy. This study represents the addition of world history to demonstrate that content analysis of textbooks represents one of many examples of critical pedagogy. Furthermore, the results of this study would seem to support the arguments of educators calling for the inclusion of diverse perspectives in the teaching of history through critical pedagogy. Until teachers, publishers, and students all work together for a more inclusive world history curriculum, the history of the world will continue to exist as a subject that covers men.

An examination of the double-deficit hypothesis in a sample of children and adolescents with dyslexia

Colbert, Colleen Yvonne The University of New Mexico 2005 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

This study examined aspects of the double-deficit hypothesis in developmental dyslexia in a clinical sample of children and adolescents (N = 57) who presented to a university-based clinic with reading problems. Results from the study indicated that students in the sample had deficits in rapid naming, which were defined as scores on the CTOPP's Rapid Naming Index (RN) which were 1.5 SD below the mean of the normative sample, while scores on the CTOPP's Phonological Awareness Index (PHON) were at or above the mean of the normative sample. None of the students in the sample met study criteria for a phonological deficit; a phonological deficit was defined as PHON scores which were 1.5 SD below the mean of the normative sample, while RN scores for the same subject were at or above the mean of the CTOPP's normative sample. In addition, none of the students in the sample met study criteria for a double-deficit: scores on both PHON and RN which were 1.5 SD below the mean of the CTOPP's normative sample. Last, more of the students in the clinical sample were found to have rapid naming deficits, compared with phonological awareness deficits. Results from the study were in accordance with certain aspects of the double-deficit hypothesis: (1) phonological awareness and rapid naming were found to be separable processes; and (2) a fluency subtype was present in the sample.

End-to-End Inference Optimization for Deep Learning-Based Image Upsampling Networks

Colbert, Ian University of California, San Diego ProQuest Disse 2023 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

Many computer vision problems require image upsampling, where the number of pixels per unit area is increased by inferring values in high-dimensional image space from lowdimensional representations. Recent research has shown that deep learning-based solutions achieve state-of-the-art performance on such tasks by training deep neural networks (DNNs) on large annotated datasets. Yet, their adoption in real-time applications is predicated on the deployment costs of the resulting models since end-user devices impose significant compute and memory constraints on inference pipelines. To address this, many researchers and practitioners have proposed methods to reduce inference costs without sacrificing model quality. However, many of these works focus on DNNs designed for image downsampling. In this thesis, we study inference optimization techniques designed for deep learning-based image upsampling networks. While some inference optimizations are applicable to both upsampling and downsampling networks, we show that specifically tailoring optimizations for image upsampling workloads can lead to more efficient and effective deployment.We maintain a holistic view of inference optimization, from training through deployment to execution, by integrating hardware-aware deep learning techniques, compute graph transformations, and computer architecture optimizations into an end-to-end pipeline. We begin by characterizing this pipeline and the different requirements for image upsampling and downsampling workloads. We then introduce novel statistical approaches to hardware-aware deep learning techniques based on quantization and pruning. Once trained, we then introduce novel compute kernels and graph transformations that reduce the compute costs of common upsampling workloads by up to a factor of 3.3. Finally, we adapt our novel inference algorithms to a specialized hardware architecture that reduces resource utilization and improves dataflow on FPGA-based accelerators.We evaluate a wide range of computer vision benchmarks covering both stochastic and deterministic models to show that our approaches improve power efficiency, throughput, and resource utilization without damaging model quality. Our research highlights the importance of end-to-end inference optimization for deep learning-based image upsampling networks and provides an effective solution for reducing the deployment costs of DNNs designed for real-time computer vision applications on resource-constrained platforms.

A Search for Belonging: David Foster Wallace's Fictional Communities

Root, Colbert ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Temple University 2017 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

As a writer popularly known for his fervent self-interrogations and encyclopedic second novel Infinite Jest, David Foster Wallace's most apparent significance in US literary history lies in his explicit response to his postmodern predecessors, such as John Barth and Thomas Pynchon. In his now infamous essay "E Unibus Pluram: Television and US Fiction," Wallace argued that postmodern authors had over-invested in the literary tools of irony and self-reference to such a degree that they became complicit in the erosion of the same communal principles that broadcast television attacks in its bid for increasing consumer dependency and profit. In search of a way beyond this complicity, Wallace called for a brand of "anti-rebels" who would discard irony for earnest principles and teach us how to resist the temptations of the United States' consumer culture. This call was heard by literary critics. "E Unibus Pluram" is the center for arguments over Wallace's fiction, as critics discuss whether that essay expresses the literary project Wallace actually pursued and to what extent it should guide our reading practices. One problem this dissertation identifies in these discussions is an overemphasis on specific devices like irony that Wallace analyzes in "E Unibus Pluram." Though important for understanding his argument, this overemphasis comes at the expense of our seeing the deeper problem that Wallace identifies in "E Unibus Pluram," which is the atomization of US culture that is fueled by our addiction to pleasure-based commodities like television. The loss of focus on this central problem has led to confusion in readings of Wallace that fail to see the abiding concerns that he carried from his first work to his last. This dissertation seeks to remedy this problem by reading Wallace's mature fiction as a developing struggle against the atomization of US culture. In this struggle, Wallace launched a series of increasingly complex narrative strategies for promoting a communal way of life to his readers. This dissertation reads several of these strategies to reveal two developments in Wallace's thought: his diagnosis of the problems facing US culture as created by an unmitigated individualism and his understanding of the best way to respond to individualism by emphasizing the great importance of social institutions. Ultimately, this dissertation argues that Wallace pictured fictional communities throughout his career as a means of critiquing the atomized space of the contemporary United States. He built these communities to help readers see that there are different ways to occupy the world than those promoted by consumer capitalism, but he also structured his narratives to teach readers how to see and think in the ways he thought necessary for realizing such alternatives.