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Time-domain stabilization of carrier-envelope phase in femtosecond light pulses.
Kim, Young-Jin,Coddington, Ian,Swann, William C,Newbury, Nathan R,Lee, Joohyung,Kim, Seungchul,Kim, Seung-Woo Optical Society of America 2014 Optics express Vol.22 No.10
<P>We report a time-domain method of stabilizing the carrier-envelope phase (CEP) of femtosecond pulses. Temporal variations of the pulse envelope and the carrier electric-field phase were separately detected with the aid of intensity cross-correlation and interferometric cross-correlation. These detected signals were used to stabilize the CEP; the resulting 50-fold improvement in the fractional stability of the carrier-envelop-offset frequency was evaluated as 1.2 10(-11) at 0.1 second averaging periods and 1.7 10(-9) at 80 seconds, corresponding to a carrier envelope phase noise of 75 microradians and 10 milliradians, respectively. This method can be realized with a low pulse energy of ~10 pJ and does not require subsequent power amplification or spectral broadening. The high efficiency and short-term stability of this method can facilitate the use of femtosecond lasers in the field of industrial surface measurements, telecommunications, and space sciences.</P>
Kistler, H. C.,Alabouvette, C.,Baayen, R. P.,Bentley, S.,Brayford, D.,Coddington, A.,Correll, J.,Daboussi, M.-J.,Elias, K.,Fernandez, D.,Gorden, T. R.,Katan, T.,Kim, H. G.,Leslie, J. F.,Martyn, R. D. 충남대학교 생물공학연구소 1999 생물공학연구지 Vol.7 No.-
Fusarium oxysporum Schlechtend.:Fr is a cosmopolitan fungal pathogen (4) responsible for wit and cortical rot diseases of more than 100 economically important plant hosts (3). Genetic diversity within F. oxysporum has been categorized extensively by vegetative compatibility grouping in laboratories around the world. Detailed studies indicate that isolates belonging to the same vegetative compatibility group (VCG) typically possess very similar or identical multilocus haplotypes and belong to the same clonal lineage(19). VCG. therefore, can be good predictors of genetic similarity, clonal lineage. or both. In this communication, we propose a standardization of the system currently used for categorizing genetic diversity within this taxon. Our primary objective is to make the system more understandable and useful by reducing ambiguity and increasing the rigor with which the current system is applied. A secondary goal of this undertaking is to promote international communication and cooperation in this endeavor.