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Movilización Social, Cabildos Ciudadanos y el Proceso Constitucional en Chile
Claudia Dides 한국라틴아메리카학회 2021 라틴아메리카연구 Vol.34 No.2
Chile’s social explosion on October 18, 2019 was the outcome of a longstanding process. Its roots are in the 1980s Constitution imposed by the military dictatorship and the economic, social and political model based on Milton Freedman’s ideas. The model, modified under democracy in its more extreme aspects and accompanied by aggressive policies to reduce poverty, brought about a process of economic development and reduction of poverty. However, from the beginning it showed its inner tendency to increase structural inequalities and it was applied in a context of a quasi-monopolistic economic structure where collusion practices easily take place. The people felt they were being repeatedly abused, which resulted in the social explosion. Hundreds of thousands of Chileans mobilized daily up until the appearance of Covid 19; they denounced the existing inequalities and abuses. In a parallel development, thousands of participants all along Chile spontaneously invited themselves to citizen’s meetings to discuss about the problems they and the country had, and they reached important conclusions. The objective of this paper is to report and analyze the dynamics of these conversations and meetings, and the conclusions reached, which will be an especially important input for the work of the Constitutional Convention where democratically elected Chilean men and women—with parity representation—will elaborate the New Constitution of the country.
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