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In Vivo Antimutagenic Properties of Transgenic and Conventional Soybeans
Luciana Azevedo,Nathalia R.V. Dragano,Ana P.L. Sabino,Maria Christina C. Resck,Patricia L. Alves de Lima,Cibele M.C.P. Gouvea 한국식품영양과학회 2010 Journal of medicinal food Vol.13 No.6
The goal of the this study was to evaluate the mutagenic/antimutagenic effects of conventional (BRS133) and transgenic (BRS 245 RR) soybeans (CS and TS, respectively) in vivo using the bone marrow micronucleus (MN) test, histopathological analysis, chromosome aberration test (CAT), and mitotic index (MI) determination. Six-week-old male Swiss mice were fed with pelleted commercial diet mixed with CS or TS at 10% or 20%. Two experimental designs (MN and CAT) were conducted simultaneously with 10 groups each during a 15-day period. Animals were treated with pelleted commercial diet, CS (10% or 20%), or TS (10% or 20%), and on day 14 they also received cyclophosphamide (CP) (50mg/kg i.p.). The 10% and 20% CS and TS diets did not significantly decrease the frequencies of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes in bone marrow induced by CP. However, the CAT indicated that the 10% and 20% CS diets significantly (P<.05) protected nucleated bone marrow cells against chemical-induced mutagenesis and also produced a significant (P<.05) decrease in the total percentage of spontaneous aberrations. Among the treatments with TS, only the 10% TS diet reduced the percentage of total aberrations induced by CP. The results also indicated that the treatment with 20% TS alone significantly (P<.05) decreased the MI, indicating cytotoxic effects related to the treatment. Taken together, our results suggest that, under the tested conditions, TS and CS have antimutagenic properties and are not toxic.
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Patricia Garcia da Silva,Luana Martins Schaly Oliveira,Nayanne Rodrigues de Oliveira,Fabio Ataides de Moura Junior,Maura Regina Sousa Silva,Deibity Alves Cordeiro,Cibele Silva Minafra,Fabiana Ramos do 아세아·태평양축산학회 2018 Animal Bioscience Vol.31 No.1
Objective: This study aimed to assess the effect of pelleted and expanded sorghum-based feeds prepared with different moisture levels and particle size of ingredients on metabolizable energy, ileal digestibility of amino acids and broiler performance. Methods: The experiment was performed with 720 male broiler chicks of the Cobb strain, with treatments of six replications, with 15 birds each; they were arranged in a completely randomized design and 2×2×2 factorial scheme (pelleted or expanded feed processing, 0.8% or 1.6% moisture addition in the mixer, and particle size of 650 or 850 microns). Results: Higher pellet quality (pellets, % and pellet durability index [PDI]) was obtained in expanded diets and inclusion of 1.6% moisture. The particle size of 850 microns increased the PDI of final diet. All studied treatments had no significant effect on weight gain and broiler carcass and cut yields. Lower feed conversion occurred for birds fed pelleted feed at 42 d. The highest apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and apparent metabolizable energy corrected to zero nitrogen balance (AMEn) values of feed in the initial rearing phase (10 to 13 days) were observed in birds fed pelleted feed or for feed prepared with 1.6% moisture. The highest ileal digestibility coefficients of amino acids were obtained with the consumption of pelleted feed prepared with a particle size of 650 microns and 1.6% moisture. Conclusion: Pelleted feed prepared with a milling particle size of 650 microns and 1.6% moisture provided increased ileal digestibility of amino acids and AMEn in the starter period. However, the expanded feed improved pellet quality and feed conversion of broilers at 42 days of age. We conclude that factors such as moisture, particle size and processing affect the pellet quality, and therefore should be considered when attempting to optimize broiler performance.
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