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Bio-control of Stem Rot in Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) in Field Conditions
Chutsuda Junsopa,Weerasak Saksirirat,Suwita Saepaisan,Patcharin Songsri,Thawan Kesmala,Barbara B. Shew,Sanun Jogloy 한국식물병리학회 2021 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.37 No.5
Stem rot is a serious disease in Jerusalem artichoke (JA). To reduce the impact of this disease on yield and quality farmers often use fungicides, but this control method can be expensive and leave chemical residues. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of two biological control agents, Trichoderma harzia- num T9 and Bacillus firmus BSR032 for control of Scle- rotium rolfsii under field conditions. Four accessions of JA (HEL246, HEL65, JA47, and JA12) were treated or notreated with T. harzianum T9 and B. firmus BSR032 in a 4 × 2 × 2 factorial experiment in two fields (envi- ronments), one unfertilized and one fertilized. Plants were inoculated with S. rolfsii and disease was evalu- ated at 3-day intervals for 46 days. T. harzianum T9 and B. firmus BSR032 reduced disease incidence by 48% and 49%, respectively, whereas T. harzianum T9 + B. firmus BSR032 reduced disease incidence by 37%. The efficacy of T. harzianum T9 and B. firmus BSR032 for control of S. rolfsii was dependent on environments and genotypes. The expression of host plant resistance also depended on the environment. However, HEL246 showed consistently low disease incidence and severity index in both environments (fertilized and unfertilized). Individually, T. harzianum T9, B. firmus BSR032, or host plant resistance control stem rot caused by S. rolf- sii in JA. However, no combination of these treatments provided more effective control than each alone.
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