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Memristor-CMOS logic and digital computational components
Cho, K.,Lee, S.J.,Eshraghian, K. Mackintosh Publications] 2015 Microelectronics Journal Vol.46 No.3
<P>With the advent of memristor-CMOS (MCM) process that combines CMOS processing with nano-scale memristive devices, it becomes possible to reduce utilization of silicon area thus providing a promising option in the design of MCM based circuits. Two properties of memristor have attracted the most attention. Firstly its nanometer scale dimensions and, secondly, its nonvolatile memory characteristics. The nanometer scale feature of the device creates a new opportunity for new logic elements allowing realization of innovative circuits that are removed from the more established design domains. The nonvolatile memory property enables us to realize new design methods for a variety of computational elements that lead to novel architectures. In this paper, we present primitive logic blocks based on MCM design style those are also extended to special logic types like Domino logic and programmable logic array (PIA). We also provide an overview of modeling principles that would allow designers to venture into this new integrated domain. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>
Cho, K.,Lee, J.,Han, G.,Kim, N.K.,Bae, H.,Hwang, S. American Dairy Science Association 2015 Journal of dairy science Vol.98 No.10
The growth characteristics of Phellinus linteus mycelium were assessed and compared under solid-state fermentation (SSF) and submerged liquid fermentation (SLF) systems on whey permeate medium. Response surface methodology was used to investigate the growth rates of mycelia under various conditions of operating temperature (T<SUB>O</SUB>), initial pH, and substrate concentration ([S]). The optimal growth conditions of P. linteus mycelium were determined to be 26.1<SUP>o</SUP>C, pH 4.6, and 60.3g of lactose/L in the SSF system, and 29.0<SUP>o</SUP>C, pH 5.0, and 65.3g of lactose/L in the SLF system. The maximum growth rates were predicted to be 1.92+/-0.01 mm/d in SSF and 192.1+/-0.0mg/L per day in SLF. Random trials were conducted to experimentally validate the evaluated optimal conditions. The differences between the modeled and observed values were only 5.3% in the SSF system and 6.1% in the SLF system. Significant engineering factors differed between the fermentation techniques; T<SUB>O</SUB> was significant in both cultivation systems, whereas initial pH was significant in SSF but [S] was significant in SLF. Our findings can be used to guide the operation of the bioconversion process for cultivating P. linteus mycelium using whey permeate wastewater.
Cho, K.,Biswas, P.,Fraundorf, P. Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemi 2014 Journal of industrial and engineering chemistry Vol.20 No.2
Pristine titania and vanadium- or iron-doped titania particles were synthesized in a tubular furnace reactor. Each sample was synthesized by different injection methods either by the atomizer or bubbler. Titania, which was made by the bubbling method, showed agglomerates with around 10nm primary particles. Atomization, on the other hand, resulted in the mixture of 100nm particles and 10nm particles. Iron dopants introduced by the atomizer showed hematite crystals along with anatase while vanadium did not show any vanadium related crystals. Atomized vanadium formed stable particles and the collision with titania resulted in V-doped titania. Substituted vanadium promoted sintering of titania even at a low concentration. Bubbled vanadium condensed on the surface of titania particles because of its low melting point and small size, and hence it did not affect the morphology of titania significantly.
Student revision with peer and expert reviewing
Cho, K.,MacArthur, C. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2010 Learning and instruction Vol.20 No.4
In a previous study we found that students receiving feedback from multiple peers improve their writing quality more than students receiving feedback from a single expert. The present study attempted to explain that finding by analyzing the feedback types provided by experts and peers, how that feedback was related to revisions, and how revisions affected quality. Participants were 28 undergraduates who received feedback from a single expert (SE), a single peer (SP), or multiple peers (MP), thus forming three groups, respectively. The MP group received more feedback of all types. Non-directive feedback predicted complex repairs that the MP group made more than both other groups. Complex repairs were associated with improved quality.
Cho, K.‐,D.,Paek, J.,Kang, J.‐,H.,Chang, D.,Na, K.‐,J.,Yang, M.‐,P. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2014 Journal of veterinary internal medicine Vol.28 No.2
<P><B>Background</B></P><P>An excess of intra‐abdominal fat is observed frequently in dogs with hyperadrenocorticism (HAC). Adipokine dysregulation is a possible cause of complications related to visceral obesity, but little information is available on adipokine in dogs with naturally occurring HAC.</P><P><B>Objectives</B></P><P>To examine the differences in the circulating adipokines concentrations in overweight dogs with and without pituitary‐dependent HAC (PDH).</P><P><B>Animals</B></P><P>Thirty healthy dogs and 15 client‐owned dogs with PDH.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>Case–controlled observational study, which enrolled 15 overweight dogs diagnosed with PDH and 30 otherwise healthy dogs of similar body condition score. Nine of 15 dogs with PDH were treated with low‐dose trilostane twice daily and reassessed after treatment.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>The serum leptin (<I>P</I> < .0001) and insulin (<I>P</I> < .0001) concentrations were significantly higher in the PDH group (leptin, 22.8 ± 8.8 [mean ± SD]; insulin, 9.1 ± 6.1) than the healthy group (leptin, 4.9 ± 3.7; insulin, 1.9 ± 0.9). However, there were no significant differences in the adiponectin, resistin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐10, and IL‐18 levels between the 2 groups. In the PDH group, the serum cortisol concentrations had a linear association with the leptin concentrations, and there were significant decreases in the leptin (<I>P</I> = .0039) and insulin (<I>P</I> = .0039) levels after trilostane treatment. However, the leptin and insulin levels remained higher after trilostane treatment than in healthy control dogs with similar body condition score.</P><P><B>Conclusions and Clinical Importance</B></P><P>Hypercortisolemia in dogs with PDH might upregulate the circulating leptin levels. However, a large population‐based study will be necessary to determine whether the upregulation of leptin is involved directly with the complications caused by HAC.</P>
Cho, K.‐,C.,Han, Y.‐,J.,Kim, S.‐,J.,Lee, S.‐,S.,Hwang, O.‐,J.,Song, P.‐,S.,Kim, Y.‐,S.,Kim, J.‐,I. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 Plant pathology Vol.60 No.4
<P>A pepper esterase (<I>PepEST</I>) gene was introduced into creeping bentgrass (<I>Agrostis stolonifera</I>) by <I>Agrobacterium</I>‐mediated transformation. Purified recombinant PepEST proteins were sufficient to inhibit the growth of the fungal pathogens <I>Rhizoctonia solani</I> AG2‐2 (IIIB) (causing brown patch) and <I>Sclerotinia homoeocarpa</I> (dollar spot), but not the oomycete responsible for pythium blight, <I>Pythium aphanidermatum</I>. PepEST proteins were most effective against <I>R.?solani</I>. After genetic transformation of creeping bentgrass with <I>PepEST</I>, the genomic integration of transgenes <I>bar</I> and <I>PepEST</I> was confirmed by Southern blot analysis, and their expression was also validated by northern blot and western blot analyses. Disease severity on <I>R.?solani</I>‐inoculated leaves of transgenic plants was <10% compared to <I>ca</I>. 50% in non‐transgenic plants. Microscopic observation of infected leaves indicated that PepEST inhibited the growth of hyphae upon fungal infection.</P>
Cho, K.,Kim, K.N.,Lim, N.L.,Kim, M.S.,Ha, J.C.,Shin, H.H.,Kim, M.K.,Roh, S.W.,Kim, D.,Oda, T. Pergamon ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2015 Biomass & bioenergy Vol.72 No.-
We investigated the effects of inositols, which are well-known plant growth-promoting agents, on the growth of the oceanic microalga Dunaliella salina. Of the four inositol derivatives tested (myo-inositol, scyllo-inositol, d-chiro-inositol, and l-chiro-inositol), myo-inositol (MI) showed the greatest growth-promoting effect in a concentration-dependent manner. The yield of biomass from the alga cultured with 500 mg L<SUP>-1</SUP> of MI was 1.48-times that of the control culture. No significant effect of MI on the total carotenoid content was observed, but neutral lipid content was significantly increased, 1.34-times greater than the control. MI also influenced the fatty acid methyl ester composition, with the levels of linoleic, linolenic, and linolelaidic acids significantly higher than those of the control culture. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration that MI promotes the growth of a marine microalga. Our results suggest that MI has potential for enhancing the efficiency of biofuel production by D. salina through growth promotion and increasing lipid productivity.