多次元尺度構成法의 多屬性意思決定問題에의 適用

李昌孝 新羅大學校 1991 論文集 Vol.31 No.1

The problems of multiple criteria decision making can be broadly classified into two categories: multiple attribute decision making and multiple objective decision making. In actual practice this classification is well fitted to the two facets of problem solving-multiple attibute decision making is for selection, multiple objective decision making is for design. In this paper. we are focused on the applicability of multidimensional scaling tomultiple attribute decision making problems. Multidimensional scaling is a set of mathematical techniques that enable a research to uncover the hidden structure of dta bases. When alternatives have too many attributes or in some cases have vague or unknown attributes, multidimensional scaling has great advantage in the solution of multiple attribute decision making problems. The decision maker's orderings of the proximities of pairs of alternatives can be used to construct a multidimensional spatial representation. Alternatives ae represented by points in this space and the points that are close together are assumed to be close together in terms of preference. The decision maker is asked to \locate his ideal alternative in this space. and then the distance from the ideal point is measured in order to rank the alternatives in terms of preference. However this multidimensional scaling procedure suggests several points. For one thing each pair of alternatives given in the judgement must be ranked in terms of its similarity. This requires quite fine discrimination. In addition, the configuration is not unique, and the distance measure used to form the configuration assumes that the attributes are independent. In spite of the greater burden, this method is particularly useful when the number of attributes is quite large, say more than 7. and when the majority of attributes are expressed in the qualitative way.

The confirmation of treatment effects in Japanese acupuncture

Benjamin Chant,Jeanne Madison,Paul Coop,Gudrun Dieberg 한국한의학연구원 2019 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.8 No.1

Background: Japanese acupuncture is gaining international recognition. However, previous research has failed to comprehensively describe the characteristics of Japanese acupuncture by not investigating it within the Japanese clinical environment. This qualitative ethnographic study aimed to identify unique and routine elements of Japanese acupuncture, describe these in detail and examine how they related to treatment principles. Methods: Between August 2012 and December 2016, ethnographic fieldwork was conducted in Japan. Participants were recruited by chain referral and emergent sampling. Data were collected through participant observation and interviews as well as by analyzing documents. A total of 38 participants were recruited. A total of 22 agreed to clinical observation; 221 treatments were observed with 172 patients. Seventeen participants consented to participate in formal interviews and 28 to informal interviews. Thematic analysis was used to evaluate data. Results: That practitioners tended to confirm perceived effects of interventions during treatment, was a major theme interpreted from the data. Confirmation was performed continually throughout treatment and at three different levels of timing and anatomical areas (micro, meso and macro). Many markers signified treatment effects which were in general, perceived by observing and/or palpating body tissue. Belief in the instantaneous effects of treatment and the value of effect through technique exemplify the philosophical foundations of confirmation. Continually monitoring treatment results at a range of time and body location increments is an important element of Japanese acupuncture. Conclusion: This effect confirmation practice model promotes a system of constant feedback gained by repeated intervention and confirmation. This may be a unique feature of Japanese acupuncture.

Beliefs and values in Japanese acupuncture: an ethnography of Japanese trained acupuncture practitioners in Japan

Benjamin Chant,Jeanne Madison,Paul Coop,Gudrun Dieberg 한국한의학연구원 2017 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.6 No.3

Background: Japanese acupuncture is gaining international recognition. However, previous research has failed to comprehensively describe the characteristics of Japanese acupuncture by not investigating it within the Japanese clinical environment. This study aimed to identify unique and routine elements of Japanese acupuncture, describe these elements in detail, and examine how the current beliefs and attitudes of Japanese acupuncture practitioners related to philosophical concepts in their practice. Methods: Between August 2012 and December 2016, ethnographic fieldwork was conducted in Japan. Japanese trained acupuncture practitioners were recruited by chain referral and emergent sampling. Data were collected through participant observation, interviews, and by analyzing documents. Thematic analysis was used to critically evaluate the data. Results: Thirty-eight participants were recruited. Of these participants, 22 agreed to clinical observation; 221 treatments were observed with 172 patients. Additionally, 17 participants consented to participate in formal semistructured interviews and 28 to informal unstructured interviews (fieldwork discussion). Besides “knowledge,” “beliefs and values” was a major theme interpreted from the data. Subthemes—including Zen Buddhism, effect through technique, instant effects of treatment, anatomical areas of significance, resolution of abnormalities, minimal stimulation, and patient comfort and customer service—were identified. Conclusion: Beliefs and values are an underrepresented, yet extremely important aspect of philosophical concepts influencing acupuncture practice in Japan. Uniquely Japanese beliefs and values that do not rely on a commitment to any spiritual or religious affiliations or proprietary knowledge of traditional or biomedicine may be successfully exported from Japan to advance acupuncture education, research and practice in international contexts.

Contact Tools in Japanese Acupuncture: An Ethnography of Acupuncture Practitioners in Japan

Benjamin CW. Chant,Jeanne Madison,Paul Coop,Gudrun Dieberg 사단법인약침학회 2017 Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies Vol.10 No.5

This study aimed to identify procedural elements of Japanese acupuncture, describe these elements in detail, and explain them in terms of the key thematic category of treatment principles. Between August 2012 and December 2016, ethnographic fieldwork was conducted in Japan. In total, 38 participants were recruited by chain referral and emergent sampling. Data was collected through participant observation, interviews, and by analyzing documents. A total of 22 participants agreed to clinical observation; 221 treatments were observed with 172 patients. Seventeen consented to formal interviews and 28 to informal interviews. Thematic analysis was used to critically evaluate data. One especially interesting theme was interpreted from the data: a variety of contact tools were applied in treatment and these were manipulated by adjusting elements of form, speed, repetition, and pressure. Tapping, holding, pressing/pushing, and stroking were the most important ways contact tools were used on patients. Contact tools are noninvasive, painless, can be applied in almost any environment, and may be easily accepted by patients worldwide. Contact tool theory and practice may be successfully integrated into acupuncture curricula outside of Japan, used to inform clinical trials, and contribute to an expanded repertoire of methods for practitioners to benefit individual patients in international contexts.

A NON-LINEAR TIME SERIES MODEL FOR THE SOUTH KOREAN WON/BRITISH POUND EXCHANGE RATE: 1.1.97-9.30.98

David Chappell,LIndsay Chant The Institute of East and West Studies 1998 Global economic review Vol.27 No.3

We construct a non-linear time series model for the South Korean Won/British Pound exchange rate for the period 1 January 1997 to 30 September 1998. This was a period of great upheaval in the South Korean financial markets. We show that a variant of the GARCH class of models provides a good fit to the data. We use the model to produce a set of one-step-ahead exchange rate forecasts for the first ten trading days of October 1998. The model produces better forecasts than the well-known random walk model.

Part 1. Unraveling the Economic Development of East Asia : A Non-Linear Time Series Model for the South Korean Won/British Pound Exchange Rate: 1.1.97-9.30.98 -Chapter 3

( David Chappell ),( Lindsay Chant ) 연세대학교 동서문제연구원 1999 East and West Studies Series Vol.45 No.-

척추의 다발성 골수종과 전이암의 감별 : 시상면 자기공명영상에서 척수의 골수침범양상을 위주로

러서구,윤정희,김창수 메리놀병원 1999 메리놀病院論文集 Vol.9 No.-

Correction of Severe “Pixie Ear” Deformity after Rhytidectomy with Modified Minimal Access Cranial Suspension Lift

Stamatis Sapountzis,Kidakorn Kiranantawat,Pericles Foroglou,Achilleas Chantes,Antonios Antoniou,Dimitrios Dionyssiou,Leonidas Pavlidis,Efterpi Demiri 대한성형외과학회 2013 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.40 No.6

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완전 또는 부분 강직된 슬관절에 시행한 인공 슬관절 전치환술

배대경,김진문,임찬택 대한슬관절학회 2002 대한슬관절학회지 Vol.14 No.2

목적: 강직성 슬관절에 대한 인공 슬관절 전치환술의 임상적 및 방사선학적 결과를 분석하고, 수술시 문제점과 성공적인 결과를 위한 요인들을 조사하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 1986년 7월부터 1996년 8월까지 강직성 슬관절에 대해 슬관절 전치환술을 시행한 37례중 지속적인 장기 추시가 가능하였던 32례를 대상으로 하였다. 남자가 7명, 여자가 25명이었고, 평균 40.4세(20~63세)이었다. 추시기간은 평균 5년 2개월 (2년~11년 10개월)이었다. 슬관절의 완전 강직이 20례, 부분 강직이 12례였다. 임상적 평가는 Hospital for Special Surgery (hHSS)의 슬관절 평가방법을 사용하였으며, 방사선학적 검사는 Knee Society roentgenographic evaluation system을 이용하였다. 결과: HSS score는 술전 평균 56.8점 (26~87)에서 술후 평균 85.6점 (64~97)으로 향상되었다. 완전 강직 되었던 20례는 술후 관절 운동 범위가 평균 75.3˚(30~115)로 향상되었고, 부분 강직 되었던 12례에서는 평균 49.5˚(15~80)에서 술후 평균 98.7˚ (60~130)로 향상되었다. 술후 관절 운동범위나 HSS score를 이용한 임상적 분석결과 대퇴사두근건의 연장술이나 경골결절의 근위 이동술을 시행한 유무에 따른 차이는 없었고, 2mm 이하의 방사선 투과선 (radiolucent line)이 2례에서 관찰되었다. 결론: 일반적으로 수술 수기가 어렵고 예후 또한 불량한 것으로 알려져온 강직성 슬관절에 대한 인공 슬관절 전치환술에 있어서 슬관절 주위 연부 조직 및 골의 상태, 굴곡각도, 신전 기능 유무를 정확히 평가한 후, 구축된 연부 조직의 적절한 유리술 및 연장술과 세심한 수술수기 및 적극적인 재활요법이 병행된다면 만족할 만한 결과를 얻을 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyse clinical and radiologic results of total knee arthroplasty in complete or partial ankylosed knee. Materials and Methods: FROM July 1986 to August 1996, total knee arthroplasties were performed in 37 ankylosed knees. Of these, five patients were lost to follow-up. Thirty two patients were evaluated. The average follow up period was 5 years 2 months (2 years-11 years 10month). Average age of patients at the time of total knee arthroplasty was 40.4 years (20~63 years). There were seven men and twenty five women. Twenty patients has complete ankylosis and twelve patients had partial ankylosis. Quadriceps tendon was lengthened with the method of modified V-Y advancement technique ub 10 cases. Tibial tubercle was proximally transferred in 3 cases. Result: The postoperative average range of motion was 75.3˚ (30˚ -115˚) in complete ankylosis, 98.7˚ (60˚ -130˚) in partial ankylosis. The average HSS knee score improved from 56.8 points preoperatively to 85.6 points postoperatively. Radiolucent line was observed in two knees with less than 2mm width in 3years and 4 years postoperatively, but the patient had no pain. Conclusion: In patient selection, healthy extensor mechanism and adequate soft tissue condition are most important. With meticulous surgical technique and aggressive rehabilitation, patients can obtain reasonable restoration of function in ankylosed knee after total knee arthroplasty.