Locally delivered antioxidant gel as an adjunct to nonsurgical therapy improves measures of oxidative stress and periodontal disease

Rampalli Viswa Chandra,Gorremuchu Srinivas,Aileni Amarender Reddy,Bavigadda Harish Reddy,Chakravarthy Reddy,Sripriya Nagarajan,Anumala Naveen 대한치주과학회 2013 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.43 No.3

Purpose: The present study has two aims; firstly, it attempts to verify the presence of oxidative stress by estimating the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in periodontal pockets ≥ 5 mm as compared to controls. The second aim is to evaluate the effect of lycopene as a locally delivered antioxidant gel on periodontal health and on the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), a marker of oxidative injury. Methods: Thirty-one subjects participated in this study. In the pretreatment phase, the ROS levels in pockets ≥ 5 mm were measured by flow cytometry. Three sites in each subject were randomly assigned into each of the following experimental groups:sham group, only scaling and root planing (SRP) was done; placebo group, local delivery of placebo gel after SRP; and lycopene group, local delivery of lycopene gel after SRP. Clinical parameters included recording site-specific measures of GCF 8-OHdG,plaque, gingivitis, probing depth, and clinical attachment level. Results: The gel, when delivered to the sites with oxidative stress, was effective in increasing clinical attachment and in reducing gingival inflammation, probing depth, and 8-OHdG levels as compared to the placebo and sham sites. Conclusions: From this trial conducted over a period of 6 months, it was found that locally delivered lycopene seems to be effective in reducing the measures of oxidative stress and periodontal disease.

A FIFTH ORDER NUMERICAL METHOD FOR SINGULAR PERTURBATION PROBLEMS

Chakravarthy, P. Pramod,Phaneendra, K.,Reddy, Y.N. Korean Society of Computational and Applied Mathem 2008 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.26 No.3-4

In this paper, a fifth order numerical method is presented for solving singularly perturbed two point boundary value problems with a boundary layer at one end point. The two point boundary value problem is transformed into general first order ordinary differential equation system. A discrete approximation of a fifth order compact difference scheme is presented for the first order system. An asymptotically equivalent first order equation of the original singularly perturbed two point boundary value problem is obtained from the theory of singular perturbations. It is used in the fifth order compact difference scheme to get a two term recurrence relation and is solved. Several linear and non-linear singular perturbation problems have been solved and the numerical results are presented to support the theory. It is observed that the present method approximates the exact solution very well.

A FIFTH ORDER NUMERICAL METHOD FOR SINGULARLY PERTURBED DIFFERENTIAL-DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS WITH NEGATIVE SHIFT

Chakravarthy, P. Pramod,Phaneendra, K.,Reddy, Y.N. The Korean Society for Computational and Applied M 2009 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.27 No.1

In this paper, a fifth order numerical method is presented for solving singularly perturbed differential-difference equations with negative shift. In recent papers the term negative shift has been using for delay. Similar boundary value problems are associated with expected first exit time problem of the membrane, potential in models for neuron and in variational problems in control theory. In the numerical treatment for such type of boundary value problems, first we use Taylor approximation to tackle terms containing small shifts which converts it to a boundary value problem for singularly perturbed differential equation. The two point boundary value problem is transformed into general first order ordinary differential equation system. A discrete approximation of a fifth order compact difference scheme is presented for the first order system and is solved using the boundary conditions. Several numerical examples are solved and compared with exact solution. It is observed that present method approximates the exact solution very well.

A fifth order numerical method for singularperturbation problems

P. Pramod Chakravarthy,K. Phaneendra,Y.N. Reddy 한국전산응용수학회 2008 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.26 No.3-4

In this paper, a fifth order numerical method is presented for solving singularly perturbed two point boundary value problems with a boundary layer at one end point. The two point boundary value problem is transformed into general first order ordinary differential equation system. A discrete approximation of a fifth order compact difference scheme is presented for the first order system. An asymptotically equivalent first order equation of the original singularly perturbed two point boundary value problem is obtained from the theory of singular perturbations. It is used in the fifth order compact difference scheme to get a two term recurrence relation and is solved. Several linear and non-linear singular perturbation problems have been solved and the numerical results are presented to support the theory. It is observed that the present method approximates the exact solution very well. In this paper, a fifth order numerical method is presented for solving singularly perturbed two point boundary value problems with a boundary layer at one end point. The two point boundary value problem is transformed into general first order ordinary differential equation system. A discrete approximation of a fifth order compact difference scheme is presented for the first order system. An asymptotically equivalent first order equation of the original singularly perturbed two point boundary value problem is obtained from the theory of singular perturbations. It is used in the fifth order compact difference scheme to get a two term recurrence relation and is solved. Several linear and non-linear singular perturbation problems have been solved and the numerical results are presented to support the theory. It is observed that the present method approximates the exact solution very well.

A fifth order numerical method for singularly Perturbed differential-difference equations with negative shift

P. Pramod Chakravarthy,K. Phaneendra,Y.N. Reddy 한국전산응용수학회 2009 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.27 No.1

In this paper, a fifth order numerical method is presented for solving singularly perturbed differential-difference equations with negative shift. In recent papers the term negative shift has been using for delay. Similar boundary value problems are associated with expected first exit time problem of the membrane, potential in models for neuron and in variational problems in control theory. In the numerical treatment for such type of boundary value problems, first we use Taylor approximation to tackle terms containing small shifts which converts it to a boundary value problem for singularly perturbed differential equation. The two point boundary value problem is transformed into general first order ordinary differential equation system. A discrete approximation of a fifth order compact difference scheme is presented for the first order system and is solved using the boundary conditions. Several numerical examples are solved and compared with exact solution. It is observed that present method approximates the exact solution very well. In this paper, a fifth order numerical method is presented for solving singularly perturbed differential-difference equations with negative shift. In recent papers the term negative shift has been using for delay. Similar boundary value problems are associated with expected first exit time problem of the membrane, potential in models for neuron and in variational problems in control theory. In the numerical treatment for such type of boundary value problems, first we use Taylor approximation to tackle terms containing small shifts which converts it to a boundary value problem for singularly perturbed differential equation. The two point boundary value problem is transformed into general first order ordinary differential equation system. A discrete approximation of a fifth order compact difference scheme is presented for the first order system and is solved using the boundary conditions. Several numerical examples are solved and compared with exact solution. It is observed that present method approximates the exact solution very well.

Acridine-based novel hole transporting material for high efficiency perovskite solar cells

Cho, A. N.,Chakravarthi, N.,Kranthiraja, K.,Reddy, S.,Kim, H. S.,Jin, S. H.,Park, N. G. Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for e Vol.5 No.16

<P>An acridine-based hole transporting material (ACR-TPA) without the spirobifluorene motif is synthesized via non complicated steps. The ACR-TPA film including Li-TFSI and 4-tert-butylpyridine (tBP) additives exhibits a hole mobility of 3.08 x 10(-3) cm(2) V-1 s(-1), which is comparable to the mobility of the classical spiro-MeOTAD (2.63 x 10(-3) cm(2) V-1 s(-1)), and its HOMO level of -5.03 eV is slightly lower than that of spiro-MeOTAD (-4.97 eV). ACR-TPA layers with different thicknesses are applied to MAPbI3 perovskite solar cells, where power conversion efficiency (PCE) increases as the ACR-TPA layer thickness increases due to increased recombination resistance and fast charge separation. The best PCE of 16.42% is achieved from the ca. 250 nm-thick ACR-TPA, which is comparable to the PCE of 16.26% for a device with spiro-MeOTAD in the same device configuration. It is thus anticipated that ACR-TPA can be a promising alternative to spiro-MeOTAD because of its lower cost and comparable photovoltaic performance.</P>

Correlation between EGFR Gene Mutations and Lung Cancer: a Hospital-Based Study

Kavitha, Matam,Iravathy, Goud,Adi Maha, Lakshmi M,Ravi, V,Sridhar, K,Vijayanand, Reddy P,Chakravarthy, Srinivas,Prasad, SVSS,Tabassum, Shaik Nazia,Shaik, Noor Ahmad,Syed, Rabbani,Alharbi, Khalid Khala Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.16

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is one of the targeted molecular markers in many cancers including lung malignancies. Gefitinib and erlotinib are two available therapeutics that act as specific inhibitors of tyrosine kinase (TK) domains. We performed a case-control study with formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks (FFPE) from tissue biopsies of 167 non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) patients and 167 healthy controls. The tissue biopsies were studied for mutations in exons 18-21 of the EGFR gene. This study was performed using PCR followed by DNA sequencing. We identified 63 mutations in 33 men and 30 women. Mutations were detected in exon 19 (delE746-A750, delE746-T751, delL747-E749, delL747-P753, delL747-T751) in 32 patients, exon 20 (S786I, T790M) in 16, and exon 21 (L858R) in 15. No mutations were observed in exon 18. The 63 patients with EFGR mutations were considered for upfront therapy with oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) drugs and have responded well to therapy over the last 15 months. The control patients had no mutations in any of the exons studied. The advent of EGFR TKI therapy has provided a powerful new treatment modality for patients diagnosed with NSCLC. The study emphasizes the frequency of EGFR mutations in NSCLC patients and its role as an important predictive marker for response to oral TKI in the south Indian population.