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Anaerobic Co-digestion of Swine Manure with Energy Crop Residues
María José Cuetos,Camino Fernández,Xiomar Gómez,Antonio Morán 한국생물공학회 2011 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.16 No.5
Anaerobic co-digestion involves the treatment of different substrates with the aim of improving the production of biogas and the stability of the process. In this research, co-digestion of swine manure (SM) and energy crop residues (ECRs) was studied. The mixtures evaluated contained SM combined with maize (Mz), rapeseed (Rs) or sunflower (Sf) residues. Batch and semi-continuous experiments were performed to determine methane (CH4) yields and the behavior of reactors while co-digesting agricultural wastes. Three different proportions of ECRs were tested in batch experiments for co-digestion with SM: 25, 50, and 75% volatile solids (VS). On the basis of the results obtained from batch tests, a mixture with a 50% ECR content was selected for the second stage of the study. Mesophilic reactors with a 3 L working volume were used for semicontinuous experiments. The hydraulic retention time (HRT)was set at 30 days and the reactors were kept under these operational conditions over four HRTs. The addition of ECR to the co-digestion system resulted in a major increase in the amount of biogas produced daily. The highest biogas yield was obtained when co-digesting Rs (3.5 L/day),although no improvement was observed in specific gas production from the addition of the co-substrate.
Alba A. Trespalacios,William Otero,Jorge E. Caminos,Marcela M. Mercado,Jenny Ávila,Liliana E. Rosero,Azucena Arévalo,Raúl A. Poutou-Piñales,David Y. Graham 한국미생물학회 2013 The journal of microbiology Vol.51 No.4
Resistance of Helicobacter pylori to clarithromycin is the most common cause of treatment failure in patients with H. pylori infections. This study describes the MICs and the presence of 23S rRNA mutations of H. pylori isolates from Bogotá, D.C., Colombia. H. pylori were isolated from gastric biopsies from patients with functional dyspepsia. Clarithromycin susceptibility was investigated by agar dilution and strains were considered resistant if the MIC was ≥1 μg/ml. DNA sequences of the 23S rRNA gene of strains resistant and sensitive to clarithromycin were determined to identify specific point mutations. Clarithromycin resistance was present in 13.6% of patients by agar dilution. The A2143G,A2142G and A2142C mutations were found in 90.5, 7.1, and 2.4% of H. pylori strains with resistance genotype.The resistant phenotype was associated with 23S rRNA resistance genotype in 85.7% of isolates. The point mutations in 23S rRNA were well correlated with MICs values for clarithromycin.
Microplastics from degradation of tires in sewer networks of the city of Riobamba, Ecuador
Marcel Paredes,Rafaela Viteri,Tito Castillo,Cristian Caminos,Christian Ebere Enyoh 대한환경공학회 2021 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.26 No.5
Microplastics are small synthetic particles that come from petroleum derivatives, are difficult to degrade and their origin is found in industrial activity and domestic consumption, even in tires. The presence of small particles (0.1 μm to < 5 mm) of plasticizer Bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and synthetic rubber, which due to their size and origin are called microplastics. The friction occurs between the asphalt in contact with the tires of cars generate the detachment of small residues of it, these residues come to contain a DEHP element. Simple residual water samples were carried out in the different sewage collectors in Riobamba city, 250 mL of each of these samples were filtered using vacuum suction equipment, to then examine the filters with a visual microscope. Obtaining as a result that 80% of the samples taken and analyzed in the laboratory contain the clear presence of DEHP plasticizer from the friction of tires (confirmed by the Principal Component Analysis) with the asphalting of the streets of the city of Riobamba, and that only 20% of the samples analyzed do not present DEHP plasticizer of this type, generating a medium risk for the health of humans and aquatic animals in the sector.
Imaging Diagnosis of Perianal Leiomyoma: A Case Report
Enrique González-Díaz,Blanca García Cengotitabengoa,Ana Belen Dominguez Carbajo,Camino Fernández Fernández,A. Fernández Corona 대한대장항문학회 2021 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.37 No.S
A leiomyoma is a benign mesenchymal neoplasm that usually develops where smooth muscle is present. In this report, we present the case of a 75-year-old woman who sought medical attention due to pelvic organ prolapse and urinary incontinence, and without defecatory symptoms. Both pelvic floor ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination showed a well-defined mass in the ischioanal fossa, eventually diagnosed as a perianal leiomyoma. It is considered a rare entity because of its location involving the anal sphincter and clinical features. We describe the ultrasonographic and MRI findings of this perianal leiomyoma, together with differential diagnoses and immunohistochemical characterization.
Expanding the classic moment-curvature relation by a new perspective onto its axial strain
T. Petschke,H. Corres,J.I. Ezeberry,A. Pérez1,A. Recupero1E.T.S.I. de Caminos, Canales 사단법인 한국계산역학회 2013 Computers and Concrete, An International Journal Vol.11 No.6
The moment-curvature relation for simple bending is a well-studied subject and the classical moment-curvature diagram is commonly found in literature. The influence of axial forces has generally been considered as compression onto symmetrically reinforced cross-sections, thus strain at the reference fiber never has been an issue. However, when dealing with integral structures, which are usually statically indeterminate in different degrees, these concepts are not sufficient. Their horizontal elements are often completely restrained, which, under imposed deformations, leads to moderate compressive or tensile axial forces. The authors propose to analyze conventional beam cross-sections with moment-curvature diagrams considering asymmetrically reinforced cross-sections under combined influence of bending and moderate axial force. In addition a new diagram is introduced that expands the common moment-curvature relation onto the strain variation at the reference fiber. A parametric study presented in this article reveals the significant influence of selected cross-section parameters.