제지공장의 폐재인 Sludge 로 부터 합성 Board 의 제조

이병근 한국목재공학회 1987 목재공학 Vol.15 No.2

Fiber mats were made at various density levels, using fibers from papermill sludge, ricestraw and various mixtures of the two. The papermill sludges were collected from Moorim Papermill Co. and Jeonjoo Papermill Co. They were soaked in the liquid sulfur compounds, sulfur-tall oil and sulfurpolyster compounds, and made into fiber-reinforced, sulfur-based composition board. Under optimuan conditions of fiber that preparation and saturation with molten sulfur and modified sulfur, the Young's moduls of the manufactured fiber-reinforced composition board are superior to those of conventional wood-based composition boards. For example, the moduls of elasticity of the composition board made from papermill sludge, with a density of 0.40gm/㎤, were greater than 1,400,000psi as compared 800,000psi for high density hardboard(1.28gm/㎤). The modulus of rupture of the best reinforced composition board manufactured was over 9000psi, comparable to 6000psi of high density hardboard. The proposed Bryant and Lee's theory, $quot;Modified Rule of Mixtures$quot; can be applicable to the nonoriented and short fibrous composition board, when it was modified from $quot;Rule of Mixtures$quot; established by Paul an Jones, and supplemented by Smith and Cox's theory. In the Bryant and Lee's theory of Ec=⅓aE_fV_f+bE_mV_m, the constants $quot;a$quot; and $quot;b$quot; for the composition boards made from papermill sludge and the mixtures of ricestraw and the sludge were identified to be in the ranges of 3.29∼3.54 and -2.47∼2.80 respectively.

남자 초·중·고·대학생의 심폐기능에 관한 연구

전태원,이병근 師範大學 體育硏究所 1992 서울大學校 體育硏究所論集 Vol.13 No.1

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the differences between grade in the cardio-respiratory function variables of male elementary, middle, high school and college students. By open circuit method(Douglas bag method) 92 subjects (elementary, 24; high,24;college,20) performed maximal treadmill work with Bruce protocol to examine VO₂max and other the aerobic capacity variables. In statistical analysis, oneway-ANOVA was proceeded for comparing and analyzing the differences between grade of subjects. From the upper statistical procedure, the results were made as follows; 1. Maximal oxygen uptake (VO₂max) There was significant VO₂max difference between elementary, middle, high school and college students(1.446, 2.396, 2.887, 2.785ℓ/min; p<.01). 2. Maximal oxygen uptake in relation to body weight (VO₂max/㎏) There was no significant difference between elementary, middle, high school and college students (48.4, 45.8, 46.2, 44.4ml/㎏/min; p>.05) 3. Maximal oxygen uptake in relation to fat free weight (VO₂max/FFW) There was significant difference between elementary, middle and high school students (63.6, 60.7, 51.4ml/㎏/FFW; p<.01)> 4. Maximal ventilation (V?) There was significant difference between elementary, middle, high school and college students (57.7, 89.7, 108.3, 96.8ℓ/min;p<0.01). 5. maximal Oxygen ventilation equivalent (VEO₂) There was no significant difference between elementary, middle, high school and college students (40.3, 38.1, 37.7, 36.3; p=.15) 6. maximal Oxygen pulse (O₂pulse) There was significant difference between elementary, middle, high school and college students (7.6, 12.2, 14.4, 14.7ml/beat; p<.01). 7. maximal heart rate (max HR) There was significant difference between elementary, middle, high school and college students (195.5, 199.1, 200.4, 191.8 beats/min; p<.01).

남자 초·중·고등학생의 최대 산소섭취량 추정에 관한 연구

신호수,이병근,전태원 師範大學 體育硏究所 1992 서울大學校 體育硏究所論集 Vol.13 No.1

The purpose of this study was to produce regression equation of VO₂max prediction appropriated to elementary, middle and high school male students, and to eveluate the validity of their predictions. The predictions of VO₂max (ℓ/min, ml/㎏/min and ml/FFW/min) were obtained by multiple regression procedures from a sample of 53 students, aged 7∼17 years. The prediction for VO₂max were obtained from the subjects’age, height, weight,% fat and fat-free weight. From the result of multiple regression for VO₂max, the following equations were obtained. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Inde. Vari No Prediction equations ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 1.554+0.060*AGE-0.011*HT+0.062*WT-0.033*%FAT-0.014*FFW VO₂max ℓ/min 2 0.559+0.047*WT-0.024*%FAT 3 -0.507+0.038*AGE+0.004*HT+0.034*WT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4 74.32+0.959*AGE-0.167*HT+0.208*WT-0.640*%FAT+0.209FFW VO₂max 5 59.13-0.513*%FAT ㎖/kg/min 6 34.68+0.618*AGE+0.118*HT-0.293*WT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 95.22+1.707*AGE-0.276*HT+1.192*WT-0.588*%FAT-1.48*FFW VO₂max 8 64.92+0.618*HT-0.914*FFW ㎖/FFW/min 9 60.25+0.311*AGE+0.100*HT-0.276*WT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The multiple correlations and relative errors of estimate for the predictions in ℓ/min (No.1.2.3) were quite similar (R=0.96, 0.96,0,92; CV=±9.5%, ±9.5%, ±10.1%). The multiple correlations for the prediction in ml/㎏/min (No.4,5,6) were quite different (R=0.45, 0.41, 0.29), but the relative errors of estimation, ±9.9%, ±10.1% and ±10.6% respectively, were quite similar. The multiple correlations and relative errors of estimate for the predictions in ml/FFW/min (No.7,8,9) were quite similar (R=0.68, 0.62, 0.45; CV= ±9.3%, ±10.2%, ±11.6%). The validity of prediction equations was tested from the validity group (7∼17 years, 19boys). It is 0.92∼0.94 for equation 1∼3, 0.50∼0.65 for equation 4∼6, and 0.59∼0.64 for equation 7∼9. Their prediction equations were quite stable, % errors approximately -0.8∼-3.2%. It indicated that the predictive equations in this study provide more reliable than the Astrand-Ryhming nomogram and that reasonably and accurate of VO₂max for the male students may be obtained from their age, height, weight, %fat and fat-free weight.

운동강도가 직장온과 체성분의 변화에 관한 연구

김구,박병근,이정윤,김영빈 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.14 No.6

In order to find the effects of exercise intensity on thermophysiological responses and body composition depending on the exercise time and grade of intensity, 7 healthy male students enrolled in the W University who have similar physical constitutions were selected as model group. They underwent the tests to determine the change and difference of physical conditions depending on the exercising intensities divided by 30% VO₂max, ventilation threshold intensity and 75% VO₂max for each span of time divided by 5 min., 10 min., 15 min. and 20 min. during the stable period and by 5 min. and 10 min. during the restoring period, respectively. The outcomes of the tests are summed up as follows; 1. The temperature of the rectum (or the temperature inside the body) remains unchanged or slightly goes down at the beginning of exercise. The exercise group of 75% VO₂max only shows a significant difference (P<.01) depending on the span of time but there are no significant differences depending on the intensity. 2. The exercise group of 75% VO₂max shows the highest rate of sweating(P<.01), followed by the groups of ventilation threshold(P<.01) and 35% VO₂max in order. 3. The body fat decreases after exercise compared to that before exercise in the exercise groups of 30% VO₂max and ventilation threshold but its difference is statistically insignificant. But the decrease by 1.04ℓ before and after exercise in the exercise group of 75% VO₂max should be regarded as statistically significant(P<.05).

Mechanical Properties of Sludge-Reinforced Composites Treated with Consecutive Impregnation of Molten Sulfur and Polymer Resins

Lee, Byung Guen 영남대학교 자원문제연구소 1993 資源問題硏究 Vol.12 No.-

Sludge from pulp and paper mill were made into fiber mats at various density levels of them. They were consecutively impregnated in molten sulfur and polymer resins including phenol formaldehyde resin. Specimens cut from composite panels were tested in flexure at time intervals for one year to study the effect of aging, modulus of elasticity(MOE) and modulus of rupture(MOR). Under optimum conditions of fiber mat preparation and saturation with molten sulfur and consecutive polymer resin treatment, composites which exhibited mechanical properties significantly superior to conventional woodbased composition boards were produced. The moduli of elasticity of the reinforced composites made from pulp screening rejects with a density of 0.35g/cm3were greater than 1200.000psi. as compared with 800,000psi of high density hardboard(1.2891cm") . Modulus of rupture of the best reinforced composites were about 9,000psi, comparable to 6.000psi of high density hardboard.

Spinner-flask culture induces redifferentiation of de-differentiated chondrocytes

Lee, Tae-Jin,Bhang, Suk Ho,La, Wan-Guen,Yang, Hee Seok,Seong, Jun Yeup,Lee, Haeshin,Im, Gun-Il,Lee, Soo-Hong,Kim, Byung-Soo Springer-Verlag 2011 Biotechnology letters Vol.33 No.4

산돌배나무(Pyrus ussuriensis) 잎 분획물의 항암 및 항균활성에 관한 연구

이창언 ( Chang Eon Lee ),김영훈 ( Young Hun Kim ),이병근 ( Byung Guen Lee ),이도형 ( Do Hyung Lee ) 한국임학회 2011 한국산림과학회지 Vol.100 No.2

본 연구는 산돌배나무 잎에서 추출한 분획물의 항암 및 항균효과를 조사하여 화장품소재로 적용 가능성을 확인하기 위하여 수행하였다. 산돌배나무 잎을 채취하여 건조시킨 후 분쇄하여 60% acetone-H2O(6:4, v/v)로 추출하고 아세톤 가용부를 분획하여 동결건조 시켰다. 아세톤 및 물 가용부를 Sephadex LH-20으로 충진한 칼럼에서 MeOH을 용출용매로 사용하여 칼럼크로마토그래피를 실시하고 또한 MeOH를 전개용매로 사용한 MIC-gel을 이용했다. 단리된 화합물들은 silica-gel TLC로 확인하였다. 항암효과는 마우스 피부암 세포(B16F10)를 이용한 MTT assay로 측정했다. 산돌배나무 잎으로부터 얻어진 분획물의 암세포 생장 저해율은 80% 이상의 저해률을 보였다. 항균활성 실험에서 산돌배나무 잎의 분획물은 그람양성균인 Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis에 대하여 0.25 mg/disc에서 1.3 cm, 2 cm의 생육 저해환을 나타내었다. 그람음성균인 Escherichia coli 에 대하여 0.5 mg/disc에서 각 분획물들은 1.1 cm~1.5 cm의 생육 저해환을 나타내었다. 이상의 결과로 미루어 보아 산돌배나무 잎의 아세톤 분획물은 항암 및 항균효과를 가진 천연소재임을 확인할 수 있었다. This study was conducted to confirm the application as ingredients of cosmetics through an examination of the function for anti-cancer and anti-microbial of the fraction isolated from Pyrus ussuriensis leaves. The dried leaf of P. ussuriensis were extracted with acetone-H2O (6:4, v/v), concentrated and fractionated with the upper layer of acetone on a separatory funnel. Each fraction was freeze dried, then a portion of acetone soluble powder was chromatographed on a Sephadex LH-20 column using a series of aqueous methanol as eluents and also used the MIC-gel using a series of aqueous methanol as developing solvent. The isolated compounds were identified by silica-gel TLC. The growth inhibition activity was measured using the MTT assay by the mouse meltioma (B16F10) cell. The cancer cell growth inhibition rate of fractions isolated from P. ussuriensis leaf was 80%. In anti-microbial activity test, the fraction of P. ussuriensis with 0.25 mg/disc resulted in the clear zone of 1.3 cm and 2 cm for Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis of gram positive bacillus, respectively. In Escherichia coli of gram negative bacillus, the fraction with 0.5 mg/disc resulted in the clear zone of 1.1 cm~1.5 cm each fraction. From these results, we confirmed that acetate fraction of P. ussuriensis has a great potential as a natural ingredients with a anti-cancer and anti-microbial source.

산돌배나무(Pyrus ussuriensis) 잎 분획물의 항산화 효과

이창언 ( Chang Eon Lee ),김영훈 ( Young Hun Kim ),이병근 ( Byung Guen Lee ),이도형 ( Do Hyung Lee ) 한국산림과학회 2010 한국산림과학회지 Vol.99 No.6

This study was conducted to confirm the application as ingredients of cosmetics through an examination of the function for anti-oxidant activity of the fraction isolated from Pyrus ussuriensis leaves. The dried leaf of Pyrus ussuriensis were extracted with acetone-H2O (6:4, v/v), concentrated and fractionated with the upper layer of acetone on a separatory funnel. Each fraction was freeze dried, then a portion of acetone soluble powder was chromatographed on a Sephadex LH-20 column using a series of aqueous methanol as eluents and also used the MIC-gel using a series of aqueous methanol as developing solvent. The isolated compounds were identified by silica-gel TLC. The concentration of total phenolic compound of Pyrus ussuriensis acetate soluble fraction was high, 914 mg/g. The results obtained from the analyses of the anti-oxidanat effects of Pyrus ussuriensis acetate fraction can be summarized as follows: In the result of DPPH scavenging radical activity, Pyrus ussuriensis acetate soluble fraction showed more than 80% at 100 ppm. SOD-like activity of one of Pyrus ussuriensis acetate soluble fractions was 77% at 1000 ppm. Xanthine oxidase inhibition of Pyrus ussuriensis acetate soluble fraction was 38% at 100 ppm. From these results, we confirmed that acetate fraction of Pyrus ussuriensis has a great potential as a natural ingredients with a natural antioxidant and antimicrobial source.

산돌배나무(Pyrus ussuriensis)잎 추출물의 항산화활성에 관한 연구

이창언 ( Chang Eon Lee ),김영훈 ( Young Hun Kim ),이병근 ( Byung Guen Lee ),이도형 ( Do Hyung Lee ) 한국산림과학회 2010 한국산림과학회지 Vol.99 No.4

The aim of the study was to assess the cosmeceutical activity of Pyrus ussuriensis leaves and it is possible that can be used as a cosmetic ingredient for application of cosmetic industries. P t1sslirensis leaf was extracted with various solvents including water, 70% ethanol and 60% acetone. In the result of DPPH (J, 1diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl) scavenging radical activity, water, ethanol and acetone extract of P. ussuriensis leaf were higher than 70%, 80% and 85`Vo at 50 ppm concentration, respectively. Xanthine oxidase inhibition activity and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity by P ussuriensis extract were higher than 30%. In addition, SOD-like activity of all extracts showed tendency of the significant increase with the increase of concentration. In the anti-inflammatory test, P. ussuriensis leaf extract inhibited generation of nitric oxide (NO) stimulated by LPS in the macrophage cell line (raw :264.7) after 12 to 24 hours. As above results, P t1SSlIriensis has a great potential as a cosmeceutical raw material as well as anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory ability.

리기다소나무(Pinus rigida Mill.) 내수피 추출물의 항산화효과에 관한 연구

장민정 ( Min Jung Jang ),안봉전 ( Bong Jeun An ),이창언 ( Chang Eeon Lee ),이진태 ( Jin Tae Lee ),이병근 ( Byung Guen Lee ),이도형 ( Do Hyung Lee ) 한국산림과학회 2008 한국산림과학회지 Vol.97 No.1